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# Copyright 2025 Microsoft and the HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import math
from collections.abc import Callable
from typing import Optional

import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch import nn

from ... import initialization as init
from ...activations import ACT2FN
from ...cache_utils import Cache, DynamicCache
from ...generation import GenerationMixin
from ...integrations import use_kernel_forward_from_hub
from ...masking_utils import create_bidirectional_mask, create_causal_mask, create_sliding_window_causal_mask
from ...modeling_flash_attention_utils import FlashAttentionKwargs
from ...modeling_layers import GradientCheckpointingLayer
from ...modeling_outputs import (
    BaseModelOutput,
    BaseModelOutputWithPast,
    BaseModelOutputWithPooling,
    CausalLMOutputWithPast,
)
from ...modeling_rope_utils import ROPE_INIT_FUNCTIONS, dynamic_rope_update
from ...modeling_utils import ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS, PreTrainedModel
from ...processing_utils import Unpack
from ...utils import auto_docstring, torch_int
from ...utils.generic import TransformersKwargs, can_return_tuple, maybe_autocast, merge_with_config_defaults
from ...utils.output_capturing import capture_outputs
from .configuration_phi4_multimodal import Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig, Phi4MultimodalConfig, Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig


class Phi4MultimodalVisionMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.activation_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.intermediate_size)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        hidden_states = self.fc1(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.activation_fn(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.fc2(hidden_states)
        return hidden_states


def simple_eager_attention_forward(
    module: nn.Module,
    query_states: torch.Tensor,
    key_states: torch.Tensor,
    value_states: torch.Tensor,
    attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None,
    scaling: float,
    dropout: float | int = 0.0,
    **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
):
    attn_weights = torch.matmul(query_states, key_states.transpose(2, 3)) * scaling
    if attention_mask is not None:
        attn_weights = attn_weights + attention_mask

    attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1, dtype=torch.float32).to(query_states.dtype)
    attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=dropout, training=module.training)
    attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value_states)
    attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    return attn_output, attn_weights


class Phi4MultimodalVisionAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
        self.num_heads = config.num_attention_heads
        self.head_dim = self.embed_dim // self.num_heads
        self.scaling = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.is_causal = True
        self.attention_dropout = config.attention_dropout

        self.k_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.v_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.out_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor | None]:
        """Input shape: Batch x Time x Channel"""
        input_shape = hidden_states.shape[:-1]
        hidden_shape = (*input_shape, -1, self.head_dim)

        query_states = self.q_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = self.k_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)

        attention_interface: Callable = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS.get_interface(
            self.config._attn_implementation, simple_eager_attention_forward
        )

        attn_output, attn_weights = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
            scaling=self.scaling,
            **kwargs,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(*input_shape, -1)
        attn_output = self.out_proj(attn_output)
        return attn_output, attn_weights


class Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoderLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.embed_dim = config.hidden_size
        self.layer_norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(self.embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.self_attn = Phi4MultimodalVisionAttention(config)
        self.layer_norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(self.embed_dim, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.mlp = Phi4MultimodalVisionMLP(config)

    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        residual = hidden_states

        hidden_states = self.layer_norm1(hidden_states)
        hidden_states, _ = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            **kwargs,
        )
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states

        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.layer_norm2(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + hidden_states

        return hidden_states


class Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoder(nn.Module):
    """
    Transformer encoder consisting of `config.num_hidden_layers` self attention layers. Each layer is a
    [`Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoderLayer`].

    Args:
        config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig
    """

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
            [Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoderLayer(config) for _ in range(config.num_hidden_layers)]
        )
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

    # Ignore copy
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        inputs_embeds,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> BaseModelOutput:
        hidden_states = inputs_embeds
        for encoder_layer in self.layers:
            hidden_states = encoder_layer(
                hidden_states,
                attention_mask,
                **kwargs,
            )

        return BaseModelOutput(last_hidden_state=hidden_states)


@auto_docstring
class Phi4MultimodalVisionPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig
    base_model_prefix = "phi4_vision"
    input_modalities = ("image",)
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True

    _no_split_modules = ["Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoderLayer"]
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True
    _supports_attention_backend = True

    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoderLayer,
        "attentions": Phi4MultimodalVisionAttention,
    }

    @torch.no_grad()
    def _init_weights(self, module):
        """Initialize the weights"""
        if isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalVisionEmbeddings):
            width = (
                self.config.hidden_size
                if isinstance(self.config, Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig)
                else self.config.hidden_size
            )
            init.normal_(module.position_embedding.weight, std=1 / np.sqrt(width))
        elif isinstance(module, nn.Embedding):
            init.default_flax_embed_init_(module.weight)
        elif isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalVisionAttention):
            init.normal_(module.q_proj.weight)
            init.normal_(module.k_proj.weight)
            init.normal_(module.v_proj.weight)
            init.normal_(module.out_proj.weight)
            init.zeros_(module.q_proj.bias)
            init.zeros_(module.k_proj.bias)
            init.zeros_(module.v_proj.bias)
            init.zeros_(module.out_proj.bias)
        elif isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalVisionMLP):
            init.normal_(module.fc1.weight)
            init.normal_(module.fc2.weight)
            init.normal_(module.fc1.bias, std=1e-6)
            init.normal_(module.fc2.bias, std=1e-6)
        elif isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalVisionMultiheadAttentionPoolingHead):
            init.normal_(module.probe)
            init.normal_(module.attention.in_proj_weight)
            init.zeros_(module.attention.in_proj_bias)
        elif isinstance(module, (nn.Linear, nn.Conv2d)):
            init.lecun_normal_(module.weight)
            if module.bias is not None:
                init.zeros_(module.bias)
        elif isinstance(module, nn.LayerNorm):
            init.zeros_(module.bias)
            init.ones_(module.weight)


class Phi4MultimodalVisionEmbeddings(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.patch_size = config.patch_size
        self.num_patches_per_side = config.image_size // self.patch_size

        self.patch_embedding = nn.Conv2d(
            in_channels=config.num_channels,
            out_channels=config.hidden_size,
            kernel_size=self.patch_size,
            stride=self.patch_size,
            padding="valid",
        )
        self.position_embedding = nn.Embedding(self.num_patches_per_side**2, config.hidden_size)

    def interpolate_pos_encoding(self, embeddings: torch.Tensor, height: int, width: int) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        This method allows to interpolate the pre-trained position encodings, to be able to use the model on higher resolution
        images. This method is also adapted to support torch.jit tracing and no class embeddings.

        Adapted from:
        - https://github.com/facebookresearch/dino/blob/de9ee3df6cf39fac952ab558447af1fa1365362a/vision_transformer.py#L174-L194, and
        - https://github.com/facebookresearch/dinov2/blob/e1277af2ba9496fbadf7aec6eba56e8d882d1e35/dinov2/models/vision_transformer.py#L179-L211
        """

        num_patches = embeddings.shape[1]
        num_positions = self.position_embedding.weight.shape[0]

        # always interpolate when tracing to ensure the exported model works for dynamic input shapes
        if not torch.jit.is_tracing() and num_patches == num_positions and height == width:
            return self.position_embedding(self.position_ids)

        patch_pos_embed = self.position_embedding.weight.unsqueeze(0)

        dim = embeddings.shape[-1]

        new_height = height // self.patch_size
        new_width = width // self.patch_size

        sqrt_num_positions = torch_int(num_positions**0.5)
        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.reshape(1, sqrt_num_positions, sqrt_num_positions, dim)
        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

        patch_pos_embed = nn.functional.interpolate(
            patch_pos_embed,
            size=(new_height, new_width),
            mode="bicubic",
            align_corners=False,
        )

        patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).view(1, -1, dim)
        return patch_pos_embed

    def forward(self, pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor, patch_attention_mask: torch.BoolTensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        batch_size, _, max_im_h, max_im_w = pixel_values.shape

        patch_embeds = self.patch_embedding(pixel_values)
        embeddings = patch_embeds.flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)

        max_nb_patches_h, max_nb_patches_w = max_im_h // self.patch_size, max_im_w // self.patch_size
        boundaries = torch.arange(
            1 / self.num_patches_per_side, 1.0, 1 / self.num_patches_per_side, device=pixel_values.device
        )
        position_ids = torch.full(
            size=(batch_size, max_nb_patches_h * max_nb_patches_w), fill_value=0, device=pixel_values.device
        )

        nb_patches_h = patch_attention_mask[:, :, 0].sum(dim=1)  # (batch_size,)
        nb_patches_w = patch_attention_mask[:, 0, :].sum(dim=1)  # (batch_size,)

        step_h = 1.0 / nb_patches_h  # (batch_size,)
        step_w = 1.0 / nb_patches_w  # (batch_size,)

        max_patches_h = patch_attention_mask.size(1)
        max_patches_w = patch_attention_mask.size(2)
        h_indices = torch.arange(max_patches_h, device=position_ids.device, dtype=torch.float32)
        w_indices = torch.arange(max_patches_w, device=position_ids.device, dtype=torch.float32)

        fractional_coords_h = h_indices[None, :] * step_h[:, None]
        fractional_coords_w = w_indices[None, :] * step_w[:, None]

        fractional_coords_h = torch.clamp(fractional_coords_h, max=(1.0 - 1e-6))
        fractional_coords_w = torch.clamp(fractional_coords_w, max=(1.0 - 1e-6))

        fractional_coords_h = fractional_coords_h.to(pixel_values.dtype)
        fractional_coords_w = fractional_coords_w.to(pixel_values.dtype)

        bucket_coords_h = torch.bucketize(fractional_coords_h, boundaries, right=True)
        bucket_coords_w = torch.bucketize(fractional_coords_w, boundaries, right=True)

        pos_ids = bucket_coords_h[:, :, None] * self.num_patches_per_side + bucket_coords_w[:, None, :]
        pos_ids = pos_ids.reshape(batch_size, -1)

        position_ids[patch_attention_mask.view(batch_size, -1)] = pos_ids[patch_attention_mask.view(batch_size, -1)]

        embeddings = embeddings + self.position_embedding(position_ids)
        return embeddings


class Phi4MultimodalVisionMultiheadAttentionPoolingHead(nn.Module):
    """Multihead Attention Pooling."""

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig):
        super().__init__()

        self.probe = nn.Parameter(torch.randn(1, 1, config.hidden_size))
        self.attention = torch.nn.MultiheadAttention(config.hidden_size, config.num_attention_heads, batch_first=True)
        self.layernorm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.mlp = Phi4MultimodalVisionMLP(config)

    def forward(self, hidden_state, attention_mask):
        batch_size = hidden_state.shape[0]
        probe = self.probe.repeat(batch_size, 1, 1)

        hidden_state = self.attention(
            query=probe, key=hidden_state, value=hidden_state, key_padding_mask=~attention_mask
        )[0]

        residual = hidden_state
        hidden_state = self.layernorm(hidden_state)
        hidden_state = residual + self.mlp(hidden_state)

        return hidden_state[:, 0]


class Phi4MultimodalVisionModel(Phi4MultimodalVisionPreTrainedModel):
    config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig
    main_input_name = "pixel_values"

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalVisionConfig):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.config = config

        self.embeddings = Phi4MultimodalVisionEmbeddings(config)
        self.encoder = Phi4MultimodalVisionEncoder(config)
        self.post_layernorm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.layer_norm_eps)
        self.head = Phi4MultimodalVisionMultiheadAttentionPoolingHead(config)

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    def get_input_embeddings(self) -> nn.Module:
        return self.embeddings.patch_embedding

    @merge_with_config_defaults
    @capture_outputs(tie_last_hidden_states=False)
    def forward(
        self,
        pixel_values,
        patch_attention_mask: torch.BoolTensor | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPooling:
        batch_size = pixel_values.size(0)
        if patch_attention_mask is None:
            patch_attention_mask = torch.ones(
                size=(
                    batch_size,
                    pixel_values.size(2) // self.config.patch_size,
                    pixel_values.size(3) // self.config.patch_size,
                ),
                dtype=torch.bool,
                device=pixel_values.device,
            )

        hidden_states = self.embeddings(pixel_values=pixel_values, patch_attention_mask=patch_attention_mask)

        patch_attention_mask = patch_attention_mask.view(batch_size, -1)
        attention_mask = create_bidirectional_mask(
            config=self.config,
            inputs_embeds=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=patch_attention_mask,
        )

        encoder_outputs: BaseModelOutput = self.encoder(
            inputs_embeds=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            **kwargs,
        )

        last_hidden_state = encoder_outputs.last_hidden_state
        last_hidden_state = self.post_layernorm(last_hidden_state)

        pooled_output = self.head(
            hidden_state=last_hidden_state,
            attention_mask=patch_attention_mask,
        )

        return BaseModelOutputWithPooling(
            last_hidden_state=last_hidden_state,
            pooler_output=pooled_output,
        )


class Phi4MultimodalImageEmbedding(nn.Module):
    """Image embedding."""

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer_idx = config.vision_config.feature_layer
        self.crop_size = config.vision_config.crop_size
        self.image_dim_out = config.vision_config.hidden_size

        n_patches = config.vision_config.image_size // config.vision_config.patch_size
        if n_patches % 2 != 0:
            self.img_processor_padding = nn.ReflectionPad2d((0, 1, 0, 1))
            n_patches += 1
        self.num_img_tokens = (n_patches // 2) ** 2

        self.drop = nn.Dropout(config.embd_pdrop)
        self.img_processor = Phi4MultimodalVisionModel._from_config(config.vision_config)
        self.image_token_compression = nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=2, stride=2)
        self.img_projection_up = nn.Linear(self.image_dim_out, config.hidden_size)
        self.img_projection_down = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.global_img_feature_extensor = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros([1, 1, self.image_dim_out]))
        self.sub_img_feature_extensor = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros([1, 1, 1, self.image_dim_out]))

    def get_img_features(self, img_embeds: torch.FloatTensor, attention_mask=None) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        img_processor_output = self.img_processor(
            img_embeds, patch_attention_mask=attention_mask, output_hidden_states=True
        )
        img_feature = img_processor_output.hidden_states[self.layer_idx]

        patch_feature = img_feature
        # reshape to 2D tensor
        width = int(math.sqrt(patch_feature.size(1)))
        patch_feature = patch_feature.view(-1, width, width, patch_feature.size(-1))
        # convert to NCHW
        patch_feature = patch_feature.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)
        if getattr(self, "img_processor_padding", None) is not None:
            patch_feature = self.img_processor_padding(patch_feature)
        patch_feature = self.image_token_compression(patch_feature)
        # convert to NHWC
        patch_feature = patch_feature.permute(0, 2, 3, 1)
        patch_feature = patch_feature.view(-1, patch_feature.size(1) * patch_feature.size(2), patch_feature.size(-1))
        return patch_feature

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor,
        image_pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor,
        image_sizes: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        image_attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        image_pixel_values = image_pixel_values.to(self.img_processor.embeddings.patch_embedding.weight.dtype)

        target_device = self.img_projection_up.bias.device
        target_dtype = self.img_projection_up.bias.dtype

        batch_size = image_pixel_values.shape[0]

        img_features = self.get_img_features(
            image_pixel_values.flatten(0, 1),
            attention_mask=image_attention_mask.flatten(0, 1).to(dtype=bool, device=target_device),
        )
        base_feat_size = int(np.sqrt(img_features.shape[1]))
        img_features = img_features.view(batch_size, -1, base_feat_size**2, self.image_dim_out)
        image_sizes = image_sizes.view(-1, 2)

        output_imgs = []
        for idx in range(batch_size):
            height, width = image_sizes[idx]
            height_ratio = height // self.crop_size
            width_ratio = width // self.crop_size
            area_ratio = height_ratio * width_ratio

            global_img = img_features[idx, :1]
            global_img = global_img.reshape(1, base_feat_size, base_feat_size, self.image_dim_out).contiguous()
            temporary_extensor = self.sub_img_feature_extensor.repeat(1, base_feat_size, 1, 1)
            global_img = torch.cat([global_img, temporary_extensor], dim=2).reshape(1, -1, self.image_dim_out)

            sub_img = img_features[idx, 1:]
            sub_img = sub_img[:area_ratio]
            sub_img = (
                sub_img.reshape(height_ratio, width_ratio, base_feat_size, base_feat_size, self.image_dim_out)
                .transpose(1, 2)
                .reshape(1, height_ratio * base_feat_size, width_ratio * base_feat_size, self.image_dim_out)
                .contiguous()
            )

            if image_attention_mask is not None:
                reshaped_image_attention_mask = (
                    image_attention_mask[idx, 1 : area_ratio + 1, 0::2, 0::2]
                    .reshape(height_ratio, width_ratio, base_feat_size, base_feat_size)
                    .transpose(1, 2)
                    .reshape(1, height_ratio * base_feat_size, width_ratio * base_feat_size)
                )
                useful_height = int(reshaped_image_attention_mask[0, :, 0].sum().item())
                useful_width = int(reshaped_image_attention_mask[0, 0, :].sum().item())
                sub_img = sub_img[:, :useful_height, :useful_width]
                temporary_extensor = self.sub_img_feature_extensor.repeat(1, useful_height, 1, 1)
            else:
                temporary_extensor = self.sub_img_feature_extensor.repeat(1, height_ratio * base_feat_size, 1, 1)

            sub_img = torch.cat([sub_img, temporary_extensor], dim=2).reshape(1, -1, self.image_dim_out)

            # Merge global and sub
            output_imgs.append(torch.cat([sub_img, self.global_img_feature_extensor, global_img], dim=1))

        img_set_tensor = []
        for output_img in output_imgs:
            output_img = output_img.to(device=target_device, dtype=target_dtype)
            img_feature_proj = self.img_projection_up(output_img)
            img_feature_proj = nn.functional.gelu(img_feature_proj)
            img_feature_proj = self.img_projection_down(img_feature_proj)
            img_set_tensor.append(img_feature_proj)

        merged_img_set_tensor = torch.cat(img_set_tensor, dim=1).squeeze(0)
        merged_img_set_tensor = merged_img_set_tensor.to(dtype=inputs_embeds.dtype, device=inputs_embeds.device)

        with torch.no_grad():
            positions_tuple = torch.nonzero(input_ids == self.config.vision_config.image_token_id, as_tuple=True)

        # Temporarily disable autocast to avoid issue on bf16 tensors
        # Ref: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/132715
        with maybe_autocast(device_type=inputs_embeds.device.type, enabled=False):
            image_embeds = inputs_embeds.index_put(
                indices=positions_tuple, values=merged_img_set_tensor, accumulate=False
            )

        image_embeds = self.drop(image_embeds)

        return image_embeds


########################################################## AUDIO #############################################


class Phi4MultimodalAudioMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size)
        self.act_fn = ACT2FN[config.activation]
        self.gate_up_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.intermediate_size * 2)
        self.down_proj = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout_rate)

    def forward(self, hidden_states):
        hidden_states = self.layer_norm(hidden_states)
        up_states = self.gate_up_proj(hidden_states)
        up_states, gate = up_states.chunk(2, dim=-1)
        up_states = up_states * self.act_fn(gate)
        up_states = self.dropout(up_states)
        hidden_states = self.down_proj(up_states)
        out = self.dropout(hidden_states)

        return out


class Phi4MultimodalAudioAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.head_dim = getattr(config, "head_dim", config.hidden_size // config.num_attention_heads)
        self.scaling = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.attention_dropout = config.dropout_rate
        self.is_causal = True

        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, bias=True)
        self.k_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, bias=True)
        self.v_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, bias=True)
        self.o_proj = nn.Linear(config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, config.hidden_size, bias=True)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        input_shape = hidden_states.shape[:-1]
        hidden_shape = (*input_shape, -1, self.head_dim)

        query_states = self.q_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = self.k_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = self.v_proj(hidden_states).view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)

        attention_interface: Callable = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS.get_interface(
            self.config._attn_implementation, simple_eager_attention_forward
        )

        attn_output, _ = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
            scaling=self.scaling,
            **kwargs,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(*input_shape, -1).contiguous()
        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)
        return attn_output


class Phi4MultimodalAudioDepthWiseSeparableConv1d(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig, padding: int = 0):
        super().__init__()
        self.dw_conv = nn.Conv1d(
            config.hidden_size,
            config.hidden_size * config.depthwise_multiplier,
            config.kernel_size,
            1,
            padding=padding,
            groups=config.hidden_size,
        )
        self.pw_conv = nn.Conv1d(
            config.hidden_size * config.depthwise_multiplier, config.depthwise_separable_out_channel, 1, 1, 0
        )

    def forward(self, hidden_states):
        return self.pw_conv(self.dw_conv(hidden_states))


class Phi4MultimodalAudioGluPointWiseConv(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.output_dim = config.ext_pw_out_channel

        self.ext_pw_conv_1d = nn.Conv1d(config.hidden_size, config.ext_pw_out_channel * 2, kernel_size=1, stride=1)
        self.glu_act = ACT2FN[config.conv_glu_type]
        self.b1 = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, config.ext_pw_out_channel, 1))
        self.b2 = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, config.ext_pw_out_channel, 1))

    def forward(self, hidden_states):
        # we assume the input always has the #channel (#dim) in the last dimension of the
        # tensor, so need to switch the dimension first for 1D-Conv case
        hidden_states = hidden_states.permute([0, 2, 1])
        hidden_states = self.ext_pw_conv_1d(hidden_states)
        out = hidden_states[:, 0 : self.output_dim, :] + self.b1
        out = out * self.glu_act(hidden_states[:, self.output_dim : self.output_dim * 2, :] + self.b2)
        return out.permute([0, 2, 1])


class Phi4MultimodalAudioConvModule(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.kernel_size = config.kernel_size

        self.layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size)
        self.glu = Phi4MultimodalAudioGluPointWiseConv(config)
        self.dw_sep_conv_1d = Phi4MultimodalAudioDepthWiseSeparableConv1d(config, padding=config.kernel_size - 1)
        self.act = ACT2FN[config.conv_activation]
        self.ext_pw_conv_1d = nn.Conv1d(config.hidden_size, config.ext_pw_out_channel, kernel_size=1, stride=1)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout_rate)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor):
        hidden_states = self.glu(self.layer_norm(hidden_states))
        hidden_states = self.dw_sep_conv_1d(hidden_states.permute([0, 2, 1]))

        if self.kernel_size > 1:
            hidden_states = hidden_states[:, :, : -(self.kernel_size - 1)]

        hidden_states = self.act(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.ext_pw_conv_1d(hidden_states)
        out = self.dropout(hidden_states.permute([0, 2, 1]))
        return out


class Phi4MultimodalAudioConformerEncoderLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()

        self.feed_forward_in = Phi4MultimodalAudioMLP(config)
        self.self_attn = Phi4MultimodalAudioAttention(config)
        self.conv = Phi4MultimodalAudioConvModule(config)
        self.feed_forward_out = Phi4MultimodalAudioMLP(config)
        self.layer_norm_att = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size)
        self.layer_norm = nn.LayerNorm(config.hidden_size)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor,
    ):
        residual = hidden_states + 0.5 * self.feed_forward_in(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.layer_norm_att(residual)

        hidden_states = residual + self.self_attn(hidden_states, attention_mask)
        hidden_states = hidden_states + self.conv(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = hidden_states + 0.5 * self.feed_forward_out(hidden_states)

        out = self.layer_norm(hidden_states)

        return out


class Phi4MultimodalAudioNemoConvSubsampling(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.subsampling_factor = config.time_reduction
        self.sampling_num = int(math.log2(self.subsampling_factor))
        self.act_fn = ACT2FN[config.nemo_activation]
        conv_channels = config.nemo_conv_channels

        layers = [
            nn.Conv2d(1, conv_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1),
            self.act_fn,
        ]
        for _ in range(self.sampling_num - 1):
            layers.extend(
                [
                    nn.Conv2d(conv_channels, conv_channels, kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, groups=conv_channels),
                    nn.Conv2d(conv_channels, conv_channels, kernel_size=1, stride=1, padding=0, groups=1),
                    self.act_fn,
                ]
            )

        # Aggregate the layers
        self.conv = torch.nn.Sequential(*layers)
        self.out = torch.nn.Linear(conv_channels * config.nemo_final_size, config.hidden_size)

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, mask: torch.Tensor | None):
        # Unsqueeze Channel Axis
        hidden_states = hidden_states.unsqueeze(1)
        hidden_states = self.conv(hidden_states)

        # Flatten Channel and Frequency Axes
        b, _, t, _ = hidden_states.size()
        hidden_states = self.out(hidden_states.transpose(1, 2).reshape(b, t, -1))

        if mask is None:
            return hidden_states, None

        max_audio_length = hidden_states.shape[1]
        feature_lens = mask.sum(1)
        padding_length = torch.ceil(feature_lens / self.subsampling_factor)
        arange_ = torch.arange(0, max_audio_length, device=hidden_states.device)
        pad_mask = arange_.expand(padding_length.size(0), -1) < padding_length.unsqueeze(1)
        return hidden_states, pad_mask.unsqueeze(1)


class Phi4MultimodalAudioRelativeAttentionBias(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()

        self.max_distance = config.bias_max_distance
        self.symmetric = config.bias_symmetric
        self.num_buckets = self.max_distance
        if not config.bias_symmetric:
            self.num_buckets *= 2
        self.bias_values = nn.Embedding(self.num_buckets, config.num_attention_heads)

    def forward(self, x):
        # instantiate bias compatible with shape of x
        max_pos = x.size(1)
        context_position = torch.arange(max_pos, device=x.device, dtype=torch.long)[:, None]
        memory_position = torch.arange(max_pos, device=x.device, dtype=torch.long)[None, :]
        relative_position = memory_position - context_position
        # clipping to a maximum distance using ops that play well with ONNX export
        relative_position = relative_position.masked_fill(relative_position < -self.max_distance, -self.max_distance)
        relative_position = relative_position.masked_fill(
            relative_position > self.max_distance - 1, self.max_distance - 1
        )

        # mapping from relative position to index in the bias parameter
        bias_idx = relative_position
        bias_idx = bias_idx.abs() if self.symmetric else bias_idx + self.num_buckets // 2

        att_bias = self.bias_values(bias_idx)
        att_bias = att_bias.permute(2, 0, 1).unsqueeze(0)

        return att_bias


class Phi4MultimodalAudioMeanVarianceNormLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.register_buffer("global_mean", torch.zeros(config.input_size))
        self.register_buffer("global_invstd", torch.ones(config.input_size))

    def forward(self, x):
        return (x - self.global_mean) * self.global_invstd


@auto_docstring
class Phi4MultimodalAudioPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig
    input_modalities = "audio"
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _no_split_modules = ["Phi4MultimodalAudioConformerEncoderLayer"]
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True

    @torch.no_grad()
    def _init_weights(self, module):
        super()._init_weights(module)
        if isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalAudioGluPointWiseConv):
            init.zeros_(module.b1)
            init.zeros_(module.b2)
        elif isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalAudioMeanVarianceNormLayer):
            init.zeros_(module.global_mean)
            init.ones_(module.global_invstd)


def unfold_tensor(tensor, max_seq_len):
    """
    For a given tensor with shape of (N, T, D), if sequence length T is longer than max_seq_len,
    this function unfold it to a (NT', max_seq_len, D) where T' is T // max_seq_len.
    Args:
        tensor: N, T, D
    """
    _, _, D = tensor.shape
    tensor = tensor.transpose(-1, -2)
    # N x D x 1 x T => N x (D x max_seq_len) x T'
    tensor = F.unfold(tensor[..., None, :], kernel_size=(1, max_seq_len), stride=(1, max_seq_len))

    new_bsz, _, slen = tensor.shape
    tensor = tensor.view(new_bsz, -1, max_seq_len, slen)
    tensor = tensor.permute(0, 3, 2, 1)
    tensor = tensor.view(-1, max_seq_len, D).contiguous()
    return tensor


def adaptive_enc_mask(x_len, chunk_start_idx, left_window=0, right_window=0):
    """
    The function is very important for Transformer Transducer Streaming mode
    Args:
        xs_len (int): sequence length
        chunk_start_idx (list): first idx of each chunk, such as [0,18,36,48]. It also supports adaptive chunk size [0,10,15,45]
        left_window (int): how many left chunks can be seen
        right_window (int): how many right chunks can be seen. It is used for chunk overlap model.
        Returns:
            mask (torch.Tensor): a mask tensor for streaming model
    """
    chunk_start_idx = torch.Tensor(chunk_start_idx).long()
    start_pad = torch.nn.functional.pad(
        chunk_start_idx, (1, 0)
    )  # append 0 to the beginning, so it becomes [0, 0, 18, 36, 48]
    end_pad = torch.nn.functional.pad(
        chunk_start_idx, (0, 1), value=x_len
    )  # append x_len to the end, so it becomes [0,18,36,48, x_len]
    seq_range = torch.arange(0, x_len).unsqueeze(-1)
    idx = ((seq_range < end_pad) & (seq_range >= start_pad)).nonzero()[:, 1]
    seq_range_expand = torch.arange(0, x_len).unsqueeze(0).expand(x_len, -1)
    idx_left = idx - left_window
    idx_left[idx_left < 0] = 0
    boundary_left = start_pad[idx_left]
    mask_left = seq_range_expand >= boundary_left.unsqueeze(-1)
    idx_right = idx + right_window
    idx_right[idx_right > len(chunk_start_idx)] = len(chunk_start_idx)
    boundary_right = end_pad[idx_right]
    mask_right = seq_range_expand < boundary_right.unsqueeze(-1)
    return mask_left & mask_right


class Phi4MultimodalAudioModel(Phi4MultimodalAudioPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalAudioConfig):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.config = config

        self.encoder_embedding = Phi4MultimodalAudioMeanVarianceNormLayer(config)
        self.embed = Phi4MultimodalAudioNemoConvSubsampling(config)
        self.relative_attention_bias_layer = Phi4MultimodalAudioRelativeAttentionBias(config)
        self.encoders = nn.ModuleList(
            [Phi4MultimodalAudioConformerEncoderLayer(config) for _ in range(config.num_blocks)]
        )
        self.gradient_checkpointing = False

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    def _streaming_mask(self, seq_len, batch_size, chunk_size, left_chunk):
        # Create mask matrix for streaming
        # S stores start index. if chunksize is 18, s is [0,18,36,....]
        chunk_start_idx = np.arange(0, seq_len, chunk_size)
        # avoid randomness when run evaluation or decoding
        if self.training and np.random.rand() > 0.5:
            # Either first or last chunk is not complete.
            # If only the last one is not complete, EOS is not effective
            chunk_start_idx = seq_len - chunk_start_idx
            chunk_start_idx = chunk_start_idx[::-1]
            chunk_start_idx = chunk_start_idx[:-1]
            chunk_start_idx = np.insert(chunk_start_idx, 0, 0)

        enc_streaming_mask = (
            adaptive_enc_mask(seq_len, chunk_start_idx, left_window=left_chunk)
            .unsqueeze(0)
            .expand([batch_size, -1, -1])
        )
        return enc_streaming_mask

    def forward_embeddings(self, hidden_states, masks):
        """Forwarding the inputs through the top embedding layers"""
        seq_len = math.ceil(hidden_states.shape[1] / self.config.time_reduction)
        if seq_len <= 0:
            raise ValueError(
                f"The sequence length after time reduction is invalid: {seq_len}. Your input feature is too short."
            )

        batch_size = hidden_states.shape[0]

        enc_streaming_mask = self._streaming_mask(seq_len, batch_size, self.config.chunk_size, self.config.left_chunk)
        enc_streaming_mask = enc_streaming_mask.to(hidden_states.device)

        hidden_states, masks = self.embed(hidden_states, masks)

        streaming_mask = enc_streaming_mask
        if streaming_mask is not None and masks is not None:
            hs_mask = masks & streaming_mask
        elif masks is not None:
            hs_mask = masks
        else:
            hs_mask = streaming_mask

        return hidden_states, hs_mask, masks

    def calculate_hs_mask(self, hidden_states, device, mask):
        max_audio_length = hidden_states.shape[1]
        batch_size = hidden_states.shape[0]
        enc_streaming_mask = self._streaming_mask(
            max_audio_length, batch_size, self.config.chunk_size, self.config.left_chunk
        )
        enc_streaming_mask = enc_streaming_mask.to(device)
        if mask is None:
            return enc_streaming_mask

        feature_lens = mask.sum(1)
        padding_length = feature_lens
        pad_mask = torch.arange(0, max_audio_length, device=device).expand(
            padding_length.size(0), -1
        ) < padding_length.unsqueeze(1)
        pad_mask = pad_mask.unsqueeze(1)
        pad_mask = pad_mask & enc_streaming_mask
        return pad_mask

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor, mask: torch.Tensor | None, **kwargs):
        hidden_states = self.encoder_embedding(hidden_states)
        hidden_states, hs_mask, mask = self.forward_embeddings(hidden_states, mask)

        unfolded = False
        bs, seq_len, _ = hidden_states.shape
        max_seq_len = 500  # maximum position for absolute positional encoding
        if seq_len > max_seq_len:
            # audio sequence is longer than max_seq_len, unfold it into chunks of max_seq_len
            unfolded = True
            # the unfold op will drop residual frames, pad it to the multiple of max_seq_len
            if seq_len % max_seq_len > 0:
                chunk_pad_size = max_seq_len - (seq_len % max_seq_len)
            else:
                chunk_pad_size = 0
            if chunk_pad_size > 0:
                hidden_states_pad = F.pad(hidden_states, (0, 0, 0, chunk_pad_size), "constant", 0)
                hidden_states = hidden_states_pad.to(hidden_states.device)

            hidden_states = unfold_tensor(hidden_states, max_seq_len)
            masks_unfold = None
            if mask is not None:
                # revise hs_mask here because the previous calculated hs_mask did not consider extra pad
                subsampled_pad_mask = mask.squeeze(1)  # [bz, subsampled_unmask_seq_len]
                extra_padded_subsamlped_pad_mask = F.pad(
                    subsampled_pad_mask, (0, chunk_pad_size), "constant", False
                )  # extra padding to the pad mask
                extra_padded_subsamlped_pad_mask = extra_padded_subsamlped_pad_mask.unsqueeze(-1).float()
                masks_unfold = unfold_tensor(
                    extra_padded_subsamlped_pad_mask, max_seq_len
                )  # unfold the pad mask like we did to the input tensor
                masks_unfold = masks_unfold.squeeze(-1).bool()  # unfold op does not support bool tensor
            hs_mask = self.calculate_hs_mask(
                hidden_states, hidden_states.device, masks_unfold
            )  # calculate hs_mask based on the unfolded pad mask

        relative_attention_bias = self.relative_attention_bias_layer(hidden_states)
        attention_mask = hs_mask.unsqueeze(1) + relative_attention_bias

        for layer in self.encoders:
            hidden_states = layer(hidden_states, attention_mask)

        if unfolded:
            embed_dim = hidden_states.shape[-1]
            hidden_states = hidden_states.reshape(bs, -1, embed_dim)
            # if we ever padded before unfolding, we need to remove the padding
            if chunk_pad_size > 0:
                hidden_states = hidden_states[:, :-chunk_pad_size, :]

        return hidden_states


class Phi4MultimodalAudioEmbedding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer_idx = config.audio_config.feature_layer

        self.drop = nn.Dropout(config.embd_pdrop)
        self.encoder = Phi4MultimodalAudioModel._from_config(config.audio_config)
        self.up_proj_for_speech = nn.Linear(
            config.audio_config.hidden_size * config.audio_config.downsample_rate, config.hidden_size
        )
        self.down_proj_for_speech = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)
        self.up_proj_for_vision_speech = nn.Linear(
            config.audio_config.hidden_size * config.audio_config.downsample_rate, config.hidden_size
        )
        self.down_proj_for_vision_speech = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.hidden_size)

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor,
        audio_input_features: torch.FloatTensor,
        audio_embed_sizes=None,
        audio_attention_mask=None,
        audio_projection_mode="speech",
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        with torch.no_grad():
            positions_tuple = torch.nonzero(input_ids == self.config.audio_config.audio_token_id, as_tuple=True)

        up_proj = self.up_proj_for_speech if audio_projection_mode == "speech" else self.up_proj_for_vision_speech
        down_proj = (
            self.down_proj_for_speech if audio_projection_mode == "speech" else self.down_proj_for_vision_speech
        )

        target_device = up_proj.bias.device
        target_dtype = up_proj.bias.dtype

        audio_input_features = audio_input_features.to(device=target_device, dtype=target_dtype)

        audio_encoder_hidden_states = self.encoder(audio_input_features, audio_attention_mask)
        audio_encoder_hidden_states = up_proj(audio_encoder_hidden_states)
        audio_encoder_hidden_states = nn.functional.gelu(audio_encoder_hidden_states)
        audio_embeds = down_proj(audio_encoder_hidden_states)

        merged_audio_embeds = torch.cat(
            [audio_embeds[i, : audio_embed_sizes[i], :] for i in range(len(audio_embed_sizes))], dim=0
        )
        merged_audio_embeds = merged_audio_embeds.to(dtype=inputs_embeds.dtype, device=inputs_embeds.device)
        # Temporarily disable autocast to avoid issue on bf16 tensors
        # Ref: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/132715
        with maybe_autocast(device_type=inputs_embeds.device.type, enabled=False):
            audio_embeds = inputs_embeds.index_put(
                indices=positions_tuple, values=merged_audio_embeds, accumulate=False
            )

        audio_embeds = self.drop(audio_embeds)

        return audio_embeds


@use_kernel_forward_from_hub("RMSNorm")
class Phi4MultimodalRMSNorm(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, hidden_size, eps: float = 1e-6) -> None:
        """
        Phi4MultimodalRMSNorm is equivalent to T5LayerNorm
        """
        super().__init__()
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(hidden_size))
        self.variance_epsilon = eps

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        input_dtype = hidden_states.dtype
        hidden_states = hidden_states.to(torch.float32)
        variance = hidden_states.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True)
        hidden_states = hidden_states * torch.rsqrt(variance + self.variance_epsilon)
        return self.weight * hidden_states.to(input_dtype)

    def extra_repr(self):
        return f"{tuple(self.weight.shape)}, eps={self.variance_epsilon}"


class Phi4MultimodalMLP(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__()

        self.config = config
        self.gate_up_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, 2 * config.intermediate_size, bias=False)
        self.down_proj = nn.Linear(config.intermediate_size, config.hidden_size, bias=False)
        self.activation_fn = ACT2FN[config.hidden_act]

    def forward(self, hidden_states: torch.FloatTensor) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        up_states = self.gate_up_proj(hidden_states)

        gate, up_states = up_states.chunk(2, dim=-1)
        up_states = up_states * self.activation_fn(gate)

        return self.down_proj(up_states)


def rotate_half(x):
    """Rotates half the hidden dims of the input."""
    x1 = x[..., : x.shape[-1] // 2]
    x2 = x[..., x.shape[-1] // 2 :]
    return torch.cat((-x2, x1), dim=-1)


def repeat_kv(hidden_states: torch.Tensor, n_rep: int) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    This is the equivalent of torch.repeat_interleave(x, dim=1, repeats=n_rep). The hidden states go from (batch,
    num_key_value_heads, seqlen, head_dim) to (batch, num_attention_heads, seqlen, head_dim)
    """
    batch, num_key_value_heads, slen, head_dim = hidden_states.shape
    if n_rep == 1:
        return hidden_states
    hidden_states = hidden_states[:, :, None, :, :].expand(batch, num_key_value_heads, n_rep, slen, head_dim)
    return hidden_states.reshape(batch, num_key_value_heads * n_rep, slen, head_dim)


def eager_attention_forward(
    module: nn.Module,
    query: torch.Tensor,
    key: torch.Tensor,
    value: torch.Tensor,
    attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None,
    scaling: float,
    dropout: float = 0.0,
    **kwargs: Unpack[TransformersKwargs],
):
    key_states = repeat_kv(key, module.num_key_value_groups)
    value_states = repeat_kv(value, module.num_key_value_groups)

    attn_weights = torch.matmul(query, key_states.transpose(2, 3)) * scaling
    if attention_mask is not None:
        attn_weights = attn_weights + attention_mask

    attn_weights = nn.functional.softmax(attn_weights, dim=-1, dtype=torch.float32).to(query.dtype)
    attn_weights = nn.functional.dropout(attn_weights, p=dropout, training=module.training)
    attn_output = torch.matmul(attn_weights, value_states)
    attn_output = attn_output.transpose(1, 2).contiguous()

    return attn_output, attn_weights


def apply_rotary_pos_emb(q, k, cos, sin, unsqueeze_dim=1):
    """Applies Rotary Position Embedding to the query and key tensors.

    Args:
        q (`torch.Tensor`): The query tensor.
        k (`torch.Tensor`): The key tensor.
        cos (`torch.Tensor`): The cosine part of the rotary embedding.
        sin (`torch.Tensor`): The sine part of the rotary embedding.
        unsqueeze_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
            The 'unsqueeze_dim' argument specifies the dimension along which to unsqueeze cos[position_ids] and
            sin[position_ids] so that they can be properly broadcasted to the dimensions of q and k. For example, note
            that cos[position_ids] and sin[position_ids] have the shape [batch_size, seq_len, head_dim]. Then, if q and
            k have the shape [batch_size, heads, seq_len, head_dim], then setting unsqueeze_dim=1 makes
            cos[position_ids] and sin[position_ids] broadcastable to the shapes of q and k. Similarly, if q and k have
            the shape [batch_size, seq_len, heads, head_dim], then set unsqueeze_dim=2.
    Returns:
        `tuple(torch.Tensor)` comprising of the query and key tensors rotated using the Rotary Position Embedding.
    """
    cos = cos.unsqueeze(unsqueeze_dim)
    sin = sin.unsqueeze(unsqueeze_dim)

    rotary_dim = cos.shape[-1]
    q_rot, q_pass = q[..., :rotary_dim], q[..., rotary_dim:]
    k_rot, k_pass = k[..., :rotary_dim], k[..., rotary_dim:]

    q_embed = torch.cat([(q_rot * cos) + (rotate_half(q_rot) * sin), q_pass], dim=-1)
    k_embed = torch.cat([(k_rot * cos) + (rotate_half(k_rot) * sin), k_pass], dim=-1)
    return q_embed, k_embed


class Phi4MultimodalAttention(nn.Module):
    """Multi-headed attention from 'Attention Is All You Need' paper"""

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig, layer_idx: int | None = None):
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.layer_idx = layer_idx
        self.head_dim = getattr(config, "head_dim", config.hidden_size // config.num_attention_heads)
        self.num_key_value_groups = config.num_attention_heads // config.num_key_value_heads
        self.num_key_value_heads = config.num_key_value_heads
        self.scaling = self.head_dim**-0.5
        self.attention_dropout = config.attention_dropout
        self.is_causal = True

        op_size = config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim + 2 * (config.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim)
        self.o_proj = nn.Linear(config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim, config.hidden_size, bias=False)
        self.qkv_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, op_size, bias=False)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        position_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor],
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[FlashAttentionKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor | None, tuple[torch.Tensor] | None]:
        input_shape = hidden_states.shape[:-1]
        hidden_shape = (*input_shape, -1, self.head_dim)

        qkv = self.qkv_proj(hidden_states)
        query_pos = self.config.num_attention_heads * self.head_dim
        query_states = qkv[..., :query_pos]
        key_states = qkv[..., query_pos : query_pos + self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim]
        value_states = qkv[..., query_pos + self.num_key_value_heads * self.head_dim :]

        query_states = query_states.view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        key_states = key_states.view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)
        value_states = value_states.view(hidden_shape).transpose(1, 2)

        cos, sin = position_embeddings
        query_states, key_states = apply_rotary_pos_emb(query_states, key_states, cos, sin)

        if past_key_values is not None:
            key_states, value_states = past_key_values.update(key_states, value_states, self.layer_idx)

        attention_interface: Callable = ALL_ATTENTION_FUNCTIONS.get_interface(
            self.config._attn_implementation, eager_attention_forward
        )

        attn_output, attn_weights = attention_interface(
            self,
            query_states,
            key_states,
            value_states,
            attention_mask,
            dropout=0.0 if not self.training else self.attention_dropout,
            scaling=self.scaling,
            sliding_window=getattr(self.config, "sliding_window", None),
            **kwargs,
        )

        attn_output = attn_output.reshape(*input_shape, -1).contiguous()
        attn_output = self.o_proj(attn_output)
        return attn_output, attn_weights


class Phi4MultimodalDecoderLayer(GradientCheckpointingLayer):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig, layer_idx: int):
        super().__init__()
        self.hidden_size = config.hidden_size
        self.self_attn = Phi4MultimodalAttention(config=config, layer_idx=layer_idx)
        self.mlp = Phi4MultimodalMLP(config)
        self.input_layernorm = Phi4MultimodalRMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        self.post_attention_layernorm = Phi4MultimodalRMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        self.config = config
        self.resid_attn_dropout = nn.Dropout(config.resid_pdrop)
        self.resid_mlp_dropout = nn.Dropout(config.resid_pdrop)

    def forward(
        self,
        hidden_states: torch.Tensor,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        use_cache: bool | None = False,
        position_embeddings: tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor] | None = None,
        **kwargs: Unpack[FlashAttentionKwargs],
    ) -> tuple[torch.FloatTensor, tuple[torch.FloatTensor, torch.FloatTensor] | None]:
        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.input_layernorm(hidden_states)

        hidden_states, self_attn_weights = self.self_attn(
            hidden_states=hidden_states,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            position_embeddings=position_embeddings,
            **kwargs,
        )
        hidden_states = residual + self.resid_attn_dropout(hidden_states)  # main diff with Llama

        residual = hidden_states
        hidden_states = self.post_attention_layernorm(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = self.mlp(hidden_states)
        hidden_states = residual + self.resid_mlp_dropout(hidden_states)  # main diff with Llama
        return hidden_states


class Phi4MultimodalFeatureEmbedding(nn.Module):
    """Image-audio embedding."""

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.image_token_id = config.vision_config.image_token_id
        self.audio_token_id = config.audio_config.audio_token_id
        self.image_embed = Phi4MultimodalImageEmbedding(config)
        self.audio_embed = Phi4MultimodalAudioEmbedding(config)

    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor,
        inputs_embeds: torch.Tensor,
        image_pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        audio_input_features: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_sizes=None,
        image_attention_mask=None,
        audio_embed_sizes=None,
        audio_attention_mask=None,
    ) -> torch.FloatTensor:
        with torch.no_grad():
            image_position_mask = (input_ids == self.config.vision_config.image_token_id).unsqueeze(-1)
            non_image_position_mask = ~image_position_mask

        image_embeds = None
        audio_embeds = None
        if image_pixel_values is not None and (input_ids == self.image_token_id).any():
            image_embeds = self.image_embed(
                input_ids,
                inputs_embeds,
                image_pixel_values=image_pixel_values,
                image_sizes=image_sizes,
                image_attention_mask=image_attention_mask,
            )
        if audio_input_features is not None and (input_ids == self.audio_token_id).any():
            audio_projection_mode = "vision" if image_pixel_values is not None else "speech"
            audio_embeds = self.audio_embed(
                input_ids,
                inputs_embeds,
                audio_input_features=audio_input_features,
                audio_embed_sizes=audio_embed_sizes,
                audio_attention_mask=audio_attention_mask,
                audio_projection_mode=audio_projection_mode,
            )

        # merge image and audio
        if image_embeds is not None and audio_embeds is not None:
            inputs_embeds = image_embeds * image_position_mask + audio_embeds * non_image_position_mask
        elif image_embeds is not None:
            inputs_embeds = image_embeds
        elif audio_embeds is not None:
            inputs_embeds = audio_embeds

        return inputs_embeds


@auto_docstring
class Phi4MultimodalPreTrainedModel(PreTrainedModel):
    config: Phi4MultimodalConfig
    base_model_prefix = "model"
    supports_gradient_checkpointing = True
    _no_split_modules = ["Phi4MultimodalDecoderLayer"]
    _skip_keys_device_placement = ["past_key_values"]
    _supports_flash_attn = True
    _supports_sdpa = True
    _supports_flex_attn = True

    _can_compile_fullgraph = True
    _supports_attention_backend = True
    _can_record_outputs = {
        "hidden_states": Phi4MultimodalDecoderLayer,
        "attentions": Phi4MultimodalAttention,
    }
    _version = "0.0.5"
    input_modalities = ("image", "audio", "text")

    @torch.no_grad()
    def _init_weights(self, module):
        super()._init_weights(module)
        if isinstance(module, Phi4MultimodalImageEmbedding):
            init.zeros_(module.global_img_feature_extensor)
            init.zeros_(module.sub_img_feature_extensor)


class Phi4MultimodalRotaryEmbedding(nn.Module):
    inv_freq: torch.Tensor  # fix linting for `register_buffer`

    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig, device=None):
        super().__init__()
        self.max_seq_len_cached = config.max_position_embeddings
        self.original_max_seq_len = config.max_position_embeddings

        self.config = config

        self.rope_type = self.config.rope_parameters["rope_type"]
        rope_init_fn: Callable = self.compute_default_rope_parameters
        if self.rope_type != "default":
            rope_init_fn = ROPE_INIT_FUNCTIONS[self.rope_type]
        inv_freq, self.attention_scaling = rope_init_fn(self.config, device)

        self.register_buffer("inv_freq", inv_freq, persistent=False)
        self.register_buffer("original_inv_freq", inv_freq.clone(), persistent=False)

    @staticmethod
    def compute_default_rope_parameters(
        config: Phi4MultimodalConfig | None = None,
        device: Optional["torch.device"] = None,
        seq_len: int | None = None,
    ) -> tuple["torch.Tensor", float]:
        """
        Computes the inverse frequencies according to the original RoPE implementation
        Args:
            config ([`~transformers.PreTrainedConfig`]):
                The model configuration.
            device (`torch.device`):
                The device to use for initialization of the inverse frequencies.
            seq_len (`int`, *optional*):
                The current sequence length. Unused for this type of RoPE.
        Returns:
            Tuple of (`torch.Tensor`, `float`), containing the inverse frequencies for the RoPE embeddings and the
            post-processing scaling factor applied to the computed cos/sin (unused in this type of RoPE).
        """
        base = config.rope_parameters["rope_theta"]
        partial_rotary_factor = config.rope_parameters.get("partial_rotary_factor", 1.0)
        head_dim = getattr(config, "head_dim", None) or config.hidden_size // config.num_attention_heads
        dim = int(head_dim * partial_rotary_factor)

        attention_factor = 1.0  # Unused in this type of RoPE

        # Compute the inverse frequencies
        inv_freq = 1.0 / (
            base ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2, dtype=torch.int64).to(device=device, dtype=torch.float) / dim)
        )
        return inv_freq, attention_factor

    @torch.no_grad()
    @dynamic_rope_update  # power user: used with advanced RoPE types (e.g. dynamic rope)
    def forward(self, x, position_ids):
        inv_freq_expanded = self.inv_freq[None, :, None].float().expand(position_ids.shape[0], -1, 1).to(x.device)
        position_ids_expanded = position_ids[:, None, :].float()

        device_type = x.device.type if isinstance(x.device.type, str) and x.device.type != "mps" else "cpu"
        with maybe_autocast(device_type=device_type, enabled=False):  # Force float32
            freqs = (inv_freq_expanded.float() @ position_ids_expanded.float()).transpose(1, 2)
            emb = torch.cat((freqs, freqs), dim=-1)
            cos = emb.cos() * self.attention_scaling
            sin = emb.sin() * self.attention_scaling

        return cos.to(dtype=x.dtype), sin.to(dtype=x.dtype)


@auto_docstring
class Phi4MultimodalModel(Phi4MultimodalPreTrainedModel):
    def __init__(self, config: Phi4MultimodalConfig):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.padding_idx = config.pad_token_id
        self.vocab_size = config.vocab_size

        self.embed_tokens = nn.Embedding(config.vocab_size, config.hidden_size, self.padding_idx)

        self.layers = nn.ModuleList(
            [Phi4MultimodalDecoderLayer(config, layer_idx) for layer_idx in range(config.num_hidden_layers)]
        )
        self.norm = Phi4MultimodalRMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
        self.rotary_emb = Phi4MultimodalRotaryEmbedding(config=config)

        self.gradient_checkpointing = False
        self.embed_dropout = nn.Dropout(config.embd_pdrop)

        self.embed_tokens_extend = Phi4MultimodalFeatureEmbedding(config)

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    @merge_with_config_defaults
    @capture_outputs
    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_sizes: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        image_attention_mask=None,
        audio_input_features: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        audio_embed_sizes=None,
        audio_attention_mask=None,
        use_cache: bool | None = None,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> tuple | BaseModelOutputWithPast:
        r"""
        image_pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
            If the input contains images, these correspond to the pixel values after transformations (as returned by
            the Processor)
        image_sizes (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
            If the input contains images, these correspond to size of each image.
        image_attention_mask (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
            Attention mask for the images.
        audio_input_features (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
            If the input contains audio samples, these correspond to the values after transformation (as returned by
            the Processor).
        audio_embed_sizes (`torch.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Size of the audio inputs.
        audio_attention_mask (`torch.Tensor, *optional*):
            Attention mask for the audio inputs.
        """
        if (input_ids is None) ^ (inputs_embeds is not None):
            raise ValueError("You must specify exactly one of input_ids or inputs_embeds")
        if use_cache and past_key_values is None:
            past_key_values = DynamicCache(config=self.config)

        if inputs_embeds is None:
            inputs_embeds = self.embed_tokens(input_ids)
            inputs_embeds = self.embed_tokens_extend(
                input_ids,
                inputs_embeds,
                image_pixel_values=image_pixel_values,
                audio_input_features=audio_input_features,
                image_sizes=image_sizes,
                image_attention_mask=image_attention_mask,
                audio_embed_sizes=audio_embed_sizes,
                audio_attention_mask=audio_attention_mask,
            )

        if position_ids is None:
            past_seen_tokens = past_key_values.get_seq_length() if past_key_values is not None else 0
            position_ids = torch.arange(inputs_embeds.shape[1], device=inputs_embeds.device) + past_seen_tokens
            position_ids = position_ids.unsqueeze(0)

        mask_function = create_causal_mask if self.config.sliding_window is None else create_sliding_window_causal_mask
        causal_mask = mask_function(
            config=self.config,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            position_ids=position_ids,
        )

        hidden_states = inputs_embeds
        position_embeddings = self.rotary_emb(hidden_states, position_ids=position_ids)

        for decoder_layer in self.layers:
            hidden_states = decoder_layer(
                hidden_states,
                attention_mask=causal_mask,
                position_ids=position_ids,
                past_key_values=past_key_values,
                use_cache=use_cache,
                position_embeddings=position_embeddings,
                **kwargs,
            )

        hidden_states = self.norm(hidden_states)
        return BaseModelOutputWithPast(
            last_hidden_state=hidden_states,
            past_key_values=past_key_values if use_cache else None,
        )


@auto_docstring
class Phi4MultimodalForCausalLM(Phi4MultimodalPreTrainedModel, GenerationMixin):
    _tied_weights_keys = {"lm_head.weight": "model.embed_tokens.weight"}
    _tp_plan = {"lm_head": "colwise_gather_output"}
    _pp_plan = {"lm_head": (["hidden_states"], ["logits"])}

    def __init__(self, config):
        super().__init__(config)
        self.model = Phi4MultimodalModel(config)
        self.vocab_size = config.vocab_size
        self.lm_head = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.vocab_size, bias=False)

        # Initialize weights and apply final processing
        self.post_init()

    @can_return_tuple
    @auto_docstring
    def forward(
        self,
        input_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        attention_mask: torch.Tensor | None = None,
        position_ids: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        past_key_values: Cache | None = None,
        inputs_embeds: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_pixel_values: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        image_sizes: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        image_attention_mask=None,
        audio_input_features: torch.FloatTensor | None = None,
        audio_embed_sizes=None,
        audio_attention_mask=None,
        labels: torch.LongTensor | None = None,
        use_cache: bool | None = None,
        logits_to_keep: int | torch.Tensor = 0,
        **kwargs,
    ) -> CausalLMOutputWithPast:
        r"""
        image_pixel_values (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
            If the input contains images, these correspond to the pixel values after transformations (as returned by
            the Processor)
        image_sizes (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
            If the input contains images, these correspond to size of each image.
        image_attention_mask (`torch.LongTensor`, *optional*):
            Attention mask for the images.
        audio_input_features (`torch.FloatTensor`, *optional*):
            If the input contains audio samples, these correspond to the values after transformation (as returned by
            the Processor).
        audio_embed_sizes (`torch.Tensor`, *optional*):
            Size of the audio inputs.
        audio_attention_mask (`torch.Tensor, *optional*):
            Attention mask for the audio inputs.
        labels (`torch.LongTensor` of shape `(batch_size, sequence_length)`, *optional*):
            Labels for computing the masked language modeling loss. Indices should either be in `[0, ...,
            config.vocab_size]` or -100 (see `input_ids` docstring). Tokens with indices set to `-100` are ignored
            (masked), the loss is only computed for the tokens with labels in `[0, ..., config.vocab_size]`.

        Example:
        ```python
        >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, Phi4MultimodalForCausalLM
        >>> model = Phi4MultimodalForCausalLM.from_pretrained("TBA")
        >>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("TBA")
        >>> prompt = "This is an example script ."
        >>> inputs = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt")
        >>> # Generate
        >>> generate_ids = model.generate(inputs.input_ids, max_length=30)
        >>> tokenizer.batch_decode(generate_ids, skip_special_tokens=True, clean_up_tokenization_spaces=False)[0]
        'This is an example script .\n Certainly! Below is a sample script that demonstrates a simple task, such as calculating the sum'
        ```"""

        # decoder outputs consists of (dec_features, layer_state, dec_hidden, dec_attn)
        outputs: BaseModelOutputWithPast = self.model(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            image_pixel_values=image_pixel_values,
            image_sizes=image_sizes,
            image_attention_mask=image_attention_mask,
            audio_input_features=audio_input_features,
            audio_embed_sizes=audio_embed_sizes,
            audio_attention_mask=audio_attention_mask,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            **kwargs,
        )

        hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
        # Only compute necessary logits, and do not upcast them to float if we are not computing the loss
        slice_indices = slice(-logits_to_keep, None) if isinstance(logits_to_keep, int) else logits_to_keep
        logits = self.lm_head(hidden_states[:, slice_indices, :])

        loss = None
        if labels is not None:
            loss = self.loss_function(logits, labels, self.vocab_size)

        return CausalLMOutputWithPast(
            loss=loss,
            logits=logits,
            past_key_values=outputs.past_key_values,
            hidden_states=outputs.hidden_states,
            attentions=outputs.attentions,
        )

    def prepare_inputs_for_generation(
        self,
        input_ids,
        past_key_values=None,
        attention_mask=None,
        inputs_embeds=None,
        image_pixel_values=None,
        image_sizes=None,
        image_attention_mask=None,
        audio_input_features=None,
        audio_embed_sizes=None,
        audio_attention_mask=None,
        position_ids=None,
        use_cache=True,
        logits_to_keep=0,
        **kwargs,
    ):
        # Overwritten -- this model may need to switch between short and long rope, invalidating the cache in the
        # process

        # When the first time input length reached long and short factor switching point, enforce re-compute cache
        # It will cause downside of slower at this single token position, however, better than current failure.
        if (
            past_key_values
            and self.config.rope_parameters
            and input_ids.shape[1] >= self.config.original_max_position_embeddings + 1
        ):
            past_length = past_key_values.get_seq_length()
            if past_length <= self.config.original_max_position_embeddings:
                past_key_values = None

        model_inputs = super().prepare_inputs_for_generation(
            input_ids=input_ids,
            past_key_values=past_key_values,
            attention_mask=attention_mask,
            inputs_embeds=inputs_embeds,
            image_pixel_values=image_pixel_values,
            image_sizes=image_sizes,
            image_attention_mask=image_attention_mask,
            audio_input_features=audio_input_features,
            audio_embed_sizes=audio_embed_sizes,
            audio_attention_mask=audio_attention_mask,
            position_ids=position_ids,
            use_cache=use_cache,
            logits_to_keep=logits_to_keep,
            **kwargs,
        )
        return model_inputs


__all__ = [
    "Phi4MultimodalAudioPreTrainedModel",
    "Phi4MultimodalAudioModel",
    "Phi4MultimodalVisionPreTrainedModel",
    "Phi4MultimodalVisionModel",
    "Phi4MultimodalPreTrainedModel",
    "Phi4MultimodalModel",
    "Phi4MultimodalForCausalLM",
]
