---
name: kitchen-organization
description: |
  Designs a zone-based kitchen layout optimized for cooking efficiency. Covers
  work triangle design, pantry organization by category, tool hierarchy by
  frequency of use, and counter management strategies. Use when the user wants
  to organize their kitchen, optimize workflow for cooking, set up a new kitchen,
  or reduce time spent looking for tools and ingredients. Do NOT use for general
  room organization (use room-organization-system), meal planning (use meal-prep-workflow),
  or decluttering an entire home (use decluttering-method).
license: Apache-2.0
metadata:
  author: foundry-skills
  version: "1.0.0"
  tags: "cooking decluttering planning"
  category: "home-household"
  subcategory: "cooking-meals"
  depends: ""
  disclaimer: "none"
  difficulty: "beginner"
---
# Kitchen Organization

## When to Use

Use this skill when the user presents one of these specific scenarios:

- User explicitly wants to reorganize, restructure, or set up their kitchen for better cooking efficiency -- including statements like "I can never find anything," "my kitchen is a mess," or "I waste so much time looking for things"
- User is moving into a new home and wants to set up the kitchen from scratch before unpacking
- User asks a targeted question about kitchen layout principles, including the work triangle, zone-based storage, or workflow optimization
- User wants to reorganize a specific sub-system within the kitchen: pantry layout, utensil drawers, cabinet assignments, spice organization, or appliance storage
- User wants to audit their kitchen tools and eliminate clutter -- identifying what to keep, donate, or discard from their cooking equipment
- User wants to reduce friction in a specific cooking task (e.g., "I hate how long it takes me to get set up for baking" or "making coffee in the morning is chaotic")
- User is redesigning or renovating a kitchen and wants functional layout principles before finalizing storage locations

**Do NOT use this skill when:**

- User wants to organize a room other than the kitchen -- a laundry room, bedroom, or home office (use `room-organization-system`)
- User wants help planning what meals to cook, building a weekly menu, or shopping lists (use `meal-prep-workflow`)
- User wants a full home declutter strategy that spans multiple rooms (use `decluttering-method`)
- User's primary question is about which specific kitchen appliances or cookware brands to buy (use a product-recommendation approach)
- User wants help organizing a commercial kitchen, restaurant, or professional food service operation -- the scale, code requirements, and workflow differ fundamentally from residential kitchens
- User is asking about kitchen design aesthetics, tile selection, cabinetry styles, or renovation materials (this is an interior design question, not an organization question)
- User explicitly says they just want to clean their kitchen, not reorganize it -- cleaning and organizing are distinct tasks

---

## Process

### Step 1: Conduct the Kitchen Intake Assessment

Before making any recommendations, gather enough information to produce a specific, actionable plan. Do not produce generic advice without this information.

- **Ask for layout type:** Galley (two parallel runs of cabinets), L-shaped (two walls meeting at a corner), U-shaped (three walls of cabinets), island (any of the above plus a freestanding center island), single-wall (all cabinets on one wall), or open-plan (kitchen blends into living/dining area with no walls separating it). Each layout creates different workflow constraints and has different zone-placement logic.
- **Ask for approximate square footage or size descriptor:** Under 80 sq ft is a micro or galley kitchen; 80-150 sq ft is average; 150-250 sq ft is large; over 250 sq ft is an expansive kitchen. If the user does not know square footage, ask them to count paces from counter to counter or describe how many people can stand in it comfortably.
- **Identify the household cooking context:** One person cooking alone, two people who both cook (shared-use kitchen), family with children, roommates splitting space, or a dedicated home baker who uses the kitchen differently from a general cook. This determines zoning priorities and labeling requirements.
- **Identify the top 2-3 pain points** -- do not let the user just say "it's a mess." Get specific: "I can never find the right lid for a pot," "my spice collection is out of control," "we have no counter space," "the pantry is so deep I lose things in the back." The pain points determine which zones to prioritize first.
- **Understand cooking style:** Daily quick cooking (weeknight dinners, 30-45 minutes), regular elaborate cooking (1-2 hour meals several times per week), serious baking (requires extensive measuring equipment and baking-specific storage), meal prep (batch cooking, requires large vessel storage), or entertaining (high-volume output, requiring plating and serving zones). Cooking style directly determines which zones are "prime real estate."
- **Clarify modification constraints:** Homeowner (can drill, install hardware, modify cabinets), renter (no-drill solutions only), or renter open to reversible modifications. This determines which storage solutions are on the table.

---

### Step 2: Map and Validate the Work Triangle and Work Zones

The work triangle is the cornerstone of kitchen efficiency -- it is not a metaphor or a guideline, it is a measurable, specific layout principle.

- **The classic work triangle:** The three vertices are the primary cooking surface (stove or range), the primary cleaning surface (sink), and the primary cold storage (refrigerator). For functional efficiency, each leg of the triangle should measure between 4 and 9 feet. The total perimeter of the triangle should be between 13 and 26 feet. A triangle under 13 feet is cramped and creates collision problems in two-cook kitchens. A triangle over 26 feet means excessive walking between primary tasks.
- **When the triangle fails:** Galley kitchens and single-wall kitchens often cannot achieve a true triangle. In these cases, prioritize the stove-to-sink distance as the primary efficiency metric -- this path is traveled more than any other in cooking (draining pasta, filling pots, washing hands between tasks). That distance should ideally be under 9 feet.
- **The modern work zone model supersedes the triangle for larger kitchens.** In U-shaped or island kitchens, define five functional zones and map them to specific physical areas before assigning storage. The five zones are: Prep Zone, Cooking Zone, Cleaning Zone, Storage Zone, and Serving Zone.
- **Prep Zone** should have the longest continuous unobstructed counter run in the kitchen -- at minimum 24 inches, ideally 36-48 inches. It should be adjacent to or reachable from the knife block, cutting boards, mixing bowls, measuring tools, and the primary pantry access point.
- **Cooking Zone** is defined by a 24-inch radius around the cooking surface. Everything needed during active cooking -- spatulas, tongs, wooden spoons, pot holders, frequently used spices, cooking oils -- should live within this radius. The most common kitchen mistake is storing cooking tools too far from the stove.
- **Cleaning Zone** centers on the sink. Dish soap, sponges, and scrubbers live at the sink. Trash and compost receptacles go immediately adjacent -- within a 24-inch reach. The dishwasher (if present) defines where clean dishes are stored: plates and glasses should live in the cabinet or drawer closest to the dishwasher unloading position.
- **Storage Zone** is the pantry, dry goods, and shelf-stable food area. In kitchens without a dedicated pantry, the tallest or deepest cabinets serve this function.
- **Serving Zone** is where dishes, glasses, flatware, serving platters, and table linens live. Ideally this zone is closest to the dining area -- not buried in the back of the kitchen.

---

### Step 3: Apply the Frequency Hierarchy to Every Zone

Frequency of use is the single most important variable in storage placement. More important than visual aesthetics, more important than grouping by type, more important than making things look organized.

- **The prime storage band:** Eye level to shoulder height -- approximately 36 to 66 inches from the floor. This band requires zero crouching, bending, or reaching above the head. Every item in this band should be something the cook reaches for at minimum once per week. If a rarely used item is occupying this space, it is wasting prime real estate.
- **The secondary band:** Below knee level (under 24 inches from the floor) and above shoulder height (66-84 inches). These locations require physical accommodation -- a bend or a step stool. Appropriate for weekly-to-monthly items: mixing bowls, large pots, baking sheets, the slow cooker, the stand mixer if used 1-2 times per week.
- **Dead storage band:** Upper cabinet tops (above 84 inches) and the back of deep lower cabinets beyond 18 inches. Appropriate only for items used seasonally or fewer than 6 times per year: holiday serving platters, turkey roasters, fondue sets, large punch bowls, specialty equipment for a single recipe.
- **Drawer hierarchy:** The top drawer nearest the primary prep or cooking zone is the single most valuable storage location in most kitchens. It should hold only the most frequently used hand tools. If a utensil has not been used in 30 days, it should not be in the top drawer.
- **Cabinet interior depth:** Most base cabinets are 24 inches deep. Items stored beyond 16 inches from the front of a cabinet are effectively hidden. Apply the rule: nothing behind something that has no easy way to move. Every item stored in the back 8 inches of a cabinet should be in a pull-out bin, on a lazy Susan, or be a rarely-used item deliberately placed in dead storage.
- **Vertical weight distribution:** Heavy items (cast iron, large stockpots, stand mixers) belong in lower cabinets and on base shelves. Never store heavy items above shoulder height -- this is a safety issue, not just an ergonomics preference.

---

### Step 4: Organize the Pantry by System, Not Just Category

Pantry organization fails when it uses only loose category grouping without a systematic placement logic. Use both category AND frequency to build the layout.

- **Identify pantry type first:** Walk-in pantry (can use floor-to-ceiling shelving with clear bins, has enough depth to require label-facing discipline), cabinet pantry (floor-to-ceiling cabinet unit, typically 12-18 inches deep -- this depth is a major advantage over base cabinets), open pantry shelving (every item is always visible -- prioritize containers that look uniform), or improvised pantry (a section of base and upper cabinets serving as food storage -- apply zone logic here).
- **Shelf assignment by frequency:** Top shelf (above eye level) -- baking supplies, specialty items, seasonal items, backup stock. Eye-level shelf (the prime shelf) -- items used 3+ times per week: pasta, rice, cooking oils, frequently used canned goods, coffee, cereals, items you reach for at every meal. Below-eye-level shelf -- moderately used items: canned goods, dried beans, less frequent grains. Bottom shelf -- heavy items: bulk oils, large bags of flour or sugar, root vegetables (in ventilated bins), backup supplies.
- **Implement FIFO (First In, First Out) discipline:** When restocking, new items go behind existing items of the same type. This is standard food service practice and prevents the chronic home pantry problem of expiration dates passing unnoticed. New cans of tomatoes go behind existing cans of tomatoes.
- **Group by cooking function, not just by item type:** A superior organizational method groups items by how they are used together. "Pasta night" shelf: pasta varieties, jarred sauces, canned tomatoes, olive oil, dried herbs. "Baking shelf": flour, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, vanilla, chocolate chips, measuring tools. "Breakfast shelf": cereals, oats, granola, syrup, dried fruit. This method reduces the number of locations you visit when starting a specific cooking task.
- **Container standardization for dry goods:** Dry goods stored loose in bags (pasta, rice, flour, sugar, oats) create chaos -- bags fall over, leak, and hide the quantity remaining. Transfer them to uniform clear containers. Consistent container sizing (use one or two sizes throughout the pantry) maximizes shelf utilization by reducing wasted gaps. Label every container on the front face AND the lid -- the lid label matters because containers are often stored stacked or in bins where the front is not visible.
- **Spice organization:** Spices have three viable organization methods: alphabetical (excellent for large collections over 30 spices, fast retrieval by name), by cuisine (Italian spices together, Mexican spices together, Indian spices together -- excellent for cooks who think by dish type), or by frequency of use (most-used spices front and facing, rarely used spices in the back row). The worst method is none -- random placement of spices is the single most common pantry frustration. Tiered shelf inserts ($12-25) or a pull-out spice drawer are the highest-value upgrades for spice accessibility.
- **Expiration date management:** Write the purchase date in marker on the top of every pantry item when putting groceries away. During monthly pantry audits, anything expiring within 60 days moves to the front of the shelf. Anything expired comes out immediately. This practice takes 90 seconds per grocery trip and saves significant food waste.

---

### Step 5: Audit Tools and Equipment Against an Essential Baseline

Most home kitchens contain 2-4x more tools and equipment than a competent home cook needs. The excess creates drawer friction, counter clutter, and decision fatigue.

- **The non-negotiable core toolkit for a competent home cook contains approximately 25-30 items.** This is not a lifestyle opinion -- it is derived from what professional recipe developers, cooking instructors, and culinary educators identify as required for executing the full range of home cooking techniques. Anything beyond this list requires a specific justification.
- **Core knife set (4 items):** 8-inch chef's knife (the single most important and most used tool in the kitchen), 3.5-inch paring knife, 8-10 inch serrated bread knife, honing steel or whetstone. Any additional knives (fillet knife, boning knife, Japanese gyuto) are legitimate only if the cook regularly uses the specific technique they serve.
- **Core cookware (8-10 items):** 10 or 12-inch stainless steel or cast iron skillet, 10 or 12-inch nonstick skillet, 3-quart saucepan, 6-quart stock pot or Dutch oven (a heavy enameled Dutch oven can replace both a stock pot and a braising vessel), sheet pan (half-size, 18x13 inches -- the single most used baking surface in most kitchens), wire cooling rack, 9x13 baking dish.
- **Core hand tools (10-12 items):** Flexible fish or offset spatula, silicone spatula, wooden spoon, tongs (one 9-inch pair), balloon whisk, ladle, slotted spoon, vegetable peeler, box grater, instant-read thermometer, kitchen shears.
- **Core measuring and prep tools:** Dry measuring cups (set of 4: 1 cup, 1/2 cup, 1/3 cup, 1/4 cup), liquid measuring cup (2-cup Pyrex-type), measuring spoons (set of 6), cutting board (minimum 12x18 inches -- smaller boards are a constant friction point), colander, can opener, mixing bowls (set of 3-4 nesting bowls covering sizes from 1.5 quarts to 5 quarts).
- **The unitasker test:** Any tool that performs exactly one function and that function is also performed adequately by a core tool should be evaluated for removal. An egg slicer, an avocado slicer, a strawberry huller, a pineapple corer, a butter curler, and an apple corer are all things a chef's knife and paring knife handle. The question is not "do I own this?" but "does this tool save me enough time and effort to justify the storage space it permanently occupies?"
- **Duplicate inventory:** Most kitchen drawers contain 3-4 wooden spoons (keep 1-2), 4-5 spatulas (keep 2 at most), and duplicate measuring cup sets (keep one complete set, donate the rest). Duplicates of tools that are neither faster to clean than to grab a spare, nor needed simultaneously, are pure storage overhead.
- **The 90-day rule for evaluation:** Any tool not used in the past 90 days goes into a "holding bin" in a storage area outside the kitchen. If it is not retrieved and used within the next 90 days, it is donated. This prevents both over-keeping ("I might need it someday") and regret ("I just donated that and now I need it").

---

### Step 6: Establish and Enforce Counter Management Rules

Counter space is the scarcest and most valuable resource in most kitchens. Its management determines whether the kitchen feels functional or chaotic.

- **The counter permanence threshold:** An item earns permanent counter space only if it is used at least once per day AND its setup or retrieval time from a cabinet is greater than 10-15 seconds. Very few items meet both criteria. Coffee maker (if brewed daily): yes. Knife block (but wall-mounted magnetic strips reclaim the counter footprint entirely): borderline. Toaster: no -- a toaster takes 4 seconds to retrieve from a cabinet and 4 seconds to return. It does not earn the 12 inches of counter it occupies permanently.
- **Appliances that never earn permanent counter space in a typical kitchen:** Air fryer (used 3-5x per week at most), blender (used under daily), stand mixer (unless baking daily), bread maker, waffle iron, slow cooker, instant pot, rice cooker (unless cooking rice daily, which is culturally dependent and a legitimate exception), food processor.
- **The appliance garage:** In kitchens with a counter that runs under upper cabinets, a section of that run can be left appliance-garage style -- items pushed to the back of the counter against the wall, with a consistent defined footprint. This is preferable to cabinets for items used 3-4 times per week but not daily, because retrieval requires no lifting overhead or crouching.
- **Counter zone discipline:** Identify specific counter zones for specific purposes and do not allow cross-contamination. The prep zone counter has the cutting board and knife block only. Nothing else migrates to the prep zone permanently. The coffee station counter has the coffee maker, coffee grinder (if used daily), and nothing else. Mail, keys, phones, school papers, and non-kitchen items should have a designated landing zone outside the kitchen -- often the nearest hallway table or mudroom shelf. If they land in the kitchen, the kitchen organization has failed to account for the behavioral reality of the household.
- **The 2-minute counter clear:** A kitchen stays organized only if the counter is cleared completely after every single cooking session. This is not a cleaning task -- it is a reset task. Everything that was pulled out goes back to its home before the cook leaves the kitchen. This 2-minute discipline prevents accumulation, which is the primary cause of organizational systems failing over time.

---

### Step 7: Design for Maintenance, Not Just Initial Setup

An organizational system that cannot be maintained by the people who use the kitchen will fail within weeks. Design for realistic behavior, not idealized behavior.

- **The "home" principle:** Every single item in the kitchen has one and only one designated home -- a specific shelf, drawer, or hook where it always returns after use. This sounds obvious but it requires making explicit decisions about every item in the kitchen. Ambiguity about where something goes is the primary cause of "drift" -- items ending up wherever they were set down last.
- **Design homes for how people behave, not how they should behave.** If a spatula consistently ends up on the counter next to the stove rather than in the drawer, the drawer is in the wrong location. Move the spatula's home to a utensil crock on the counter next to the stove. The organizational system should accommodate real behavior patterns, not fight them.
- **Establish a monthly 15-minute pantry audit ritual** as part of the kitchen maintenance cycle. During this audit: rotate FIFO, identify items expiring within 60 days and move them forward, pull expired items, and add low-stock staples to the shopping list. Tying this to a recurring calendar event (first Sunday of the month, for example) ensures it actually happens.
- **Quarterly tool review:** Once per quarter (approximately), empty the top two drawers and the most-used cabinet and re-assess. Items that have not been touched in 90 days go into the holding bin. Items that are consistently in the wrong place get their "home" reassigned to where they naturally land.
- **In multi-person kitchens, labels are not optional.** Every shared storage location should be labeled. Use a label maker or consistent hand-lettered labels on containers, shelves, and drawer dividers. Labels remove ambiguity, reduce the number of times one person has to ask another "where does this go," and allow the system to survive new household members (partners, children, new roommates) without needing to re-teach the entire organization scheme.

---

## Output Format

The standard output is a structured kitchen organization plan with the following sections. Omit sections that do not apply to the user's specific situation (e.g., a user without a pantry does not need the Walk-In Pantry layout).

```
## Kitchen Organization Plan

**Layout:** [Galley / L-shaped / U-shaped / Island / Single-wall / Open-plan]
**Approximate Size:** [Under 80 sq ft / 80-150 sq ft / 150-250 sq ft / Over 250 sq ft]
**Household:** [Number of regular cooks, special considerations]
**Cooking Style:** [Quick weeknight / Elaborate cooking / Baking-focused / Meal prep / Mixed]
**Modification Constraints:** [Owner -- full modifications / Renter -- no-drill / Renter -- reversible only]
**Primary Pain Points:** [User's stated problems]

---

### Work Triangle Assessment

| Path | Current Distance | Target Range | Status |
|------|-----------------|--------------|--------|
| Stove → Sink | [X ft] | 4-9 ft | [OK / Adjust workflow] |
| Sink → Refrigerator | [X ft] | 4-9 ft | [OK / Adjust workflow] |
| Stove → Refrigerator | [X ft] | 4-9 ft | [OK / Adjust workflow] |
| Total Triangle Perimeter | [X ft] | 13-26 ft | [OK / Adjust workflow] |

[Notes on triangle optimization or compensating workflow adjustments if triangle is suboptimal]

---

### Zone Map

| Zone | Purpose | Physical Location in This Kitchen | Primary Items Stored Here |
|------|---------|----------------------------------|--------------------------|
| 1. Prep | Cutting, measuring, mixing | [Specific counter/area] | Knives, cutting boards, mixing bowls, measuring sets, vegetable prep tools |
| 2. Cooking | Active stovetop and oven use | [Specific counter/cabinet adjacent to stove] | Pots, pans, cooking utensils, hot pads, cooking oils, active-use spices |
| 3. Cleaning | Dishwashing, waste management | [Area surrounding sink] | Dish soap, sponges, trash/compost, cleaning supplies, dish drying |
| 4. Storage | Pantry, dry goods, shelf-stable food | [Pantry unit or designated cabinets] | Canned goods, dry goods, baking supplies, snacks, backup stock |
| 5. Serving | Dishes, glasses, flatware, table items | [Cabinet nearest dishwasher or dining area] | Plates, bowls, mugs, glasses, silverware, serving dishes |

---

### Counter Management Plan

**Permanent Counter Items (used daily, setup time >15 sec from cabinet):**
- [Item] -- [reason it qualifies]
- [Item] -- [reason it qualifies]

**Move Off Counter (used less than daily):**
| Item | New Home | Estimated Space Reclaimed |
|------|----------|--------------------------|
| [Appliance] | [Cabinet location] | [Approx. inches] |
| [Appliance] | [Cabinet location] | [Approx. inches] |

**Counter Space Reclaimed:** Approximately [X] square inches / [X] square feet

---

### Tool Hierarchy

| Frequency of Use | Storage Location | Specific Items |
|-----------------|-----------------|---------------|
| Daily | [Prime location: eye level, first drawer, countertop crock] | [List] |
| 2-3x per week | [Accessible: second drawer, near-eye cabinet] | [List] |
| Weekly | [Reachable: lower or upper cabinet, accessible shelf] | [List] |
| Monthly or less | [Secondary: upper cabinet, deep shelf, lower base cabinet back] | [List] |
| Seasonal / rarely | [Dead storage: top shelf, storage area outside kitchen] | [List] |

---

### Pantry Organization Plan

**Pantry Type:** [Walk-in / Cabinet pantry / Open shelving / Improvised cabinet section]

| Shelf Position | Frequency Tier | Category | Specific Items |
|---------------|---------------|---------|---------------|
| Top (above eye level) | Monthly or less | [Category] | [Items] |
| Eye level (prime) | 3+ times/week | [Category] | [Items] |
| Below eye level | Weekly | [Category] | [Items] |
| Bottom | Heavy or bulky | [Category] | [Items] |
| Door rack (if applicable) | Daily-weekly | [Category] | [Items] |

**Spice Organization Method:** [Alphabetical / By cuisine / By frequency] -- [Rationale]
**Container Strategy:** [Specific recommendation for this pantry type]

---

### Drawer Organization Plan

| Drawer | Location | Contents | Organizer Type |
|--------|----------|----------|---------------|
| Primary utensil drawer | [Location in kitchen] | [Specific tools, max 12-15 items] | Expandable bamboo divider or adjustable plastic divider tray |
| Measuring and baking tools | [Location] | Measuring cups, spoons, thermometer, whisk, peeler | Divider tray or deep drawer with sections |
| Wrap and storage drawer | [Location] | Foil, plastic wrap, parchment paper, zip bags, twist ties | Tension rod dividers, labeled |
| Silverware | [Location, nearest serving zone] | Forks, knives, teaspoons, tablespoons, serving utensils | Standard silverware tray |

---

### Tool Audit Results

**Core Kit -- Keep:** [25-30 items from essential baseline]

**Evaluate for Donation (90-day rule):**
| Item | Last Used | Decision |
|------|-----------|---------|
| [Tool] | [Estimate] | Hold 90 days / Donate |
| [Tool] | [Estimate] | Hold 90 days / Donate |

**Unitaskers to Remove:** [Specific items identified from user's description]

---

### Maintenance Schedule

| Frequency | Duration | Task |
|-----------|----------|------|
| After every cooking session | 2 minutes | Full counter clear; every item returned to its designated home |
| Weekly (during kitchen clean) | 5 minutes | Quick zone scan; anything out of place gets returned; wipe container exteriors |
| Monthly | 15 minutes | Pantry FIFO rotation; expiration date check; staples inventory for shopping list |
| Quarterly | 30-45 minutes | Tool and equipment audit; reassign any items that consistently land in wrong locations |

---

### Setup Guide

**Recommended sequence for initial setup:**
1. Empty and clean all surfaces before replacing anything
2. Conduct tool audit BEFORE reorganizing (no point organizing items you are about to donate)
3. Set up zones and assign cabinet/drawer locations on paper first -- adjust before moving items
4. Reorganize in zone order: Cooking Zone → Prep Zone → Cleaning Zone → Storage Zone → Serving Zone
5. Label everything (in multi-person kitchens, non-negotiable)
6. Live with the system for 2 weeks, then adjust any locations that are not working

**Estimated Setup Time:** [3-6 hours depending on kitchen size and current state]
**Estimated Supply Cost:** [$30-100 for drawer dividers, shelf risers, clear containers, labels]
```

---

## Rules

1. **Never assign storage location by category alone.** Category grouping (all baking items together) is only the secondary variable. Frequency of use is always the primary variable. A baking item used daily belongs at eye level in the prime storage band even if this puts it away from the "baking shelf." Placing a rarely used pie dish at eye level because it is a baking item wastes prime real estate.

2. **The work triangle is a measurable constraint, not a suggestion.** Each leg must be between 4 and 9 feet, and the total perimeter must be between 13 and 26 feet. If the user's layout cannot achieve this (as is common in galley and single-wall kitchens), explicitly acknowledge the limitation and provide compensating workflow strategies rather than pretending the constraint does not exist.

3. **The counter permanence test has two required conditions, not one.** An item must be used DAILY (frequency condition) AND have a retrieval time from storage that exceeds 10-15 seconds (convenience condition). A toaster used daily but retrievable in 4 seconds fails the convenience condition. A stand mixer that is technically used 4 times per week but takes 45 seconds to haul out from a deep lower cabinet may qualify. Apply both conditions rigorously, not just the frequency condition.

4. **Never store heavy items above shoulder height (above approximately 60 inches for most adults).** Cast iron skillets, large stockpots, stand mixers, and heavy appliances in upper cabinets are a safety hazard, not just an ergonomics inefficiency. If heavy items are currently stored high, relocating them lower is a safety correction, not just a preference.

5. **In multi-person kitchens, labels are mandatory, not optional.** The labeling recommendation scales with the number of people who use the kitchen: one person can rely on memory, two people can sometimes negotiate verbally, three or more people require explicit labeling. A kitchen shared by roommates with no labeling system will drift to chaos within 30 days regardless of initial organization quality.

6. **Never recommend a specific container or organizer without addressing the measurement step.** Cabinet and drawer dimensions vary enormously. An expandable bamboo drawer divider that works perfectly in a standard 18-inch drawer may not fit a 14-inch drawer. Before recommending any organizational product, instruct the user to measure the specific space it will occupy (width, depth, and height for shelves; width and depth for drawers).

7. **The 90-day holding bin is non-negotiable for tool audit.** Never advise a user to immediately discard tools they are uncertain about. "I might need this someday" is a legitimate psychological barrier, and fighting it creates resistance. The holding bin method bypasses the barrier by making the decision feel reversible -- and then the 90-day period generates behavioral evidence (did they retrieve it?) that makes the final decision rational rather than emotional.

8. **Deep cabinets (over 18 inches depth) require active access solutions.** Recommending a user simply "put things in the cabinet" when the cabinet is 24 inches deep will fail -- items in the back 8 inches will be lost within weeks. For every deep base cabinet, recommend one of: lazy Susan turntable for corner cabinets, pull-out drawer insert for straight base cabinets, clear stackable bins (full-depth bins that can be pulled out to access back items), or the deliberate dead-storage-only strategy for rarely used items.

9. **Cooking style determines zone priority, not default kitchen convention.** A serious baker's kitchen should have the Prep Zone and Storage Zone as prime real estate even if this means the Cooking Zone gets secondary placement. A dedicated meal-prepper's kitchen needs vessel storage (large pots, sheet pans, storage containers) at higher priority than a quick-cook kitchen. Never apply a default zone hierarchy without first confirming the user's primary cooking style.

10. **The organizational system must survive real use, not just the initial setup.** Every recommendation must pass the maintenance test: can a real person, in realistic tiredness after cooking, sustain this system in 2 minutes or less per session? Systems that require 10+ minutes of daily maintenance will fail. If a proposed system is too complex to maintain in the 2-minute daily reset, simplify it. A simpler, consistently maintained system outperforms a complex, frequently abandoned one.

---

## Edge Cases

### Very Small Kitchen (Galley, Single-Wall, or Under 80 sq ft)

In a micro kitchen, every square inch of horizontal surface is contested. The entire organizational strategy shifts toward vertical and door-mounted storage.

Apply the following specific interventions, in order of space-recovery impact:

- **Magnetic knife strip mounted on wall** -- immediately recovers 12+ inches of counter or an entire knife block's worth of drawer space. Magnetic strips hold knives safely at any wall location; mount at a height comfortable for the primary cook.
- **Ceiling-mounted or wall-mounted pot rack** -- moves the single largest-volume category of items (pots and pans) off shelves entirely. A simple wall-mounted rack with S-hooks recovers one full base cabinet.
- **Inside-cabinet-door racks for spices and measuring tools** -- every cabinet door is an unused storage surface. Mounted racks inside cabinet doors can hold 12-24 spice bottles, or a full set of measuring cups and spoons, without occupying any shelf depth.
- **Over-sink drying rack or collapsible drying mat** -- removes the drying rack from counter entirely. An over-sink rack eliminates approximately 12x18 inches of counter consumption.
- **Rolling utility cart** -- provides movable workspace and storage that is physically present when cooking and pushed out of the kitchen footprint when not needed. Critical in single-wall kitchens with no second counter run.
- **Tension rod vertical dividers inside cabinets** -- converts deep cabinets into vertical sheet pan and cutting board storage. Four or five tension rods create vertical slots for baking sheets, cutting boards, muffin tins, and cooling racks -- items that resist flat stacking.

In a micro kitchen, the essential tool list is even more restrictive than the standard 25-30 items. A functional micro kitchen toolkit is achievable in 20 items. Ruthless unitasker elimination is required, not optional.

---

### Renter With No-Drill Constraints

All organizational infrastructure must be either adhesive-mounted (with weight ratings verified), tension-based, freestanding, or over-door mounted. Nothing that leaves a hole in a wall, cabinet, or ceiling.

- **Adhesive mounting:** Command-brand-type adhesive hooks and strips are available in weight ratings from 0.5 lbs (small hooks for towels) to 7.5 lbs (larger hooks for medium items). Magnetic knife strips with adhesive backing (rated to 15-20 lbs for the strip, not individual magnets) are available and effective. Verify weight rating against the actual items being hung -- this is the single point of failure for adhesive solutions.
- **Tension rods:** Function between two cabinet walls without any fasteners. Can be used inside cabinets to create vertical dividers for sheet pans, inside cabinet doors to create tiered can shelves (place a tension rod across a shelf to prevent cans from rolling and to create a second row), or as a curtain-style barrier across under-sink storage.
- **Over-door organizers:** Standard over-door pantry organizers (wire rack style, 6-24 pockets) require no installation and fit most interior kitchen cabinet doors. Verify the door thickness -- doors over 1.75 inches may not accommodate standard over-door hooks without an extender.
- **Freestanding shelving units:** A slim freestanding pantry unit (12-14 inches deep, 18-24 inches wide) can convert 18 inches of floor space into 6-8 shelves of organized storage. These are especially valuable in rentals with inadequate pantry space.
- **When leaving:** Every no-drill solution should be removable without damage to wall surfaces or cabinets. Adhesive products should be removed per manufacturer instructions (slow peel at specified angle) to avoid paint damage. Document the pre-move-in state of the kitchen with photos to establish that any minor issues (existing scuffs, paint chips) predate occupancy.

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### Kitchen Shared by Multiple Adults With Different Cooking Habits or Different Food

This situation requires explicit territory demarcation in addition to shared-zone organization.

- **Designate a shared zone and personal zones explicitly.** Shared zone contains: all general cookware (pots, pans, baking sheets), cleaning supplies, shared appliances (coffee maker, toaster), and common ingredients (oil, salt, pepper, basic condiments). Personal zones are assigned shelves or cabinet sections for each person's specialty items, dietary-specific ingredients, and personal cookware preferences.
- **Label with both the zone type AND the owner.** "Shared Cookware" and "Alex -- Baking Shelf" and "Jordan -- Spice Collection." Labels prevent the most common multi-cook conflict: "I thought that was for everyone's use."
- **The container boundary system:** Each person's dry goods and pantry items live in containers with a consistent color scheme or label style distinguishing them. If Alex uses blue masking tape labels and Jordan uses white labels, the visual system communicates ownership without requiring verbal negotiation at every unpacking session.
- **Shared appliance placement rules:** Any appliance used by both residents lives in the shared zone. Any appliance used exclusively by one person (a specific person's smoothie blender, a specific person's rice cooker for culturally specific rice preparation) lives in that person's designated cabinet or counter zone.
- **Conflict prevention beats conflict resolution:** The most common multi-cook kitchen failure is the absence of explicit return-to-home rules. The standard to establish is: items are returned to their designated homes before leaving the kitchen after cooking. This should be agreed upon explicitly, not assumed.

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### Serious Baker in a Non-Baking-Optimized Kitchen

A serious baker (baking 3+ times per week, with a significant collection of baking equipment) requires a dedicated baking zone that supersedes default kitchen organization logic.

- **The baking zone requires a continuous counter run of at least 36 inches, preferably 48 inches.** Rolling dough, filling layer cakes, and assembling pastries require horizontal workspace that meal-prep or stovetop cooking does not. If the kitchen has limited counter space, the baking zone counter run takes priority over everything else.
- **The stand mixer earns permanent counter space at 3+ uses per week.** Below that threshold, it goes into a lower cabinet on a pull-out shelf, a heavy-duty roller tray, or an appliance lift mechanism. A 12-20 lb stand mixer should never be stored in an upper cabinet or anywhere that requires lifting above shoulder height.
- **Baking sheet and pan storage:** Sheet pans, cake rounds, muffin tins, springform pans, loaf pans, and tart pans stack poorly in standard cabinet configurations. Use a vertical rack divider (either a purchased wire divider or tension rods set vertically) to store all flat baking pans on edge in a dedicated base cabinet. This converts chaotic stacking into single-item access -- pull the exact pan needed without disturbing the others.
- **Flour and sugar in large-capacity canisters on the counter:** A baker using a 5-lb bag of flour per week or more stores flour and sugar in 4-6 quart clear canisters on the counter, not in the pantry. The access frequency justifies the counter space. A digital kitchen scale (the most important precision tool in serious baking) earns counter space alongside the flour canister.
- **Proofing and temperature-sensitive baking tasks:** If the baker regularly proofs dough, the kitchen should have a designated proofing location identified -- whether this is a specific warm spot on the counter, the inside of a turned-off oven with the light on (approximately 70-80°F), or a consistent corner away from drafts. This is not a storage problem but it affects kitchen workflow and zone design.

---

### Kitchen That Has Never Been Organized -- "Starting From Zero" State

This is the highest-effort entry point: a kitchen that has been set up by default (items placed wherever they fit at move-in) rather than by design.

- **The empty-and-evaluate method is mandatory.** Do not reorganize by shuffling items around in their existing locations. Every item must come out of every cabinet and drawer before reorganization begins. This is the only method that forces a complete audit and prevents the mistake of reorganizing clutter.
- **Work in stages to prevent overwhelming halt:** Stage 1 (Day 1, 1.5 hours): Empty, clean, and reorganize the two most frequently used zones (typically Cooking Zone and Prep Zone). Stage 2 (Day 2, 1-2 hours): Storage Zone and pantry. Stage 3 (Day 3, 1 hour): Serving Zone and remaining drawers. This staging prevents the common failure mode of starting the project, getting overwhelmed, and leaving everything on the counter for a week.
- **Take a photo before starting.** Not for sentimental reasons -- for reference. A before photo allows comparison with the organized result, reinforces motivation, and documents where the heaviest clutter accumulations were (which informs what systems need to be most robust).
- **Identify the "junk drawer" strategy upfront.** Most kitchens have one junk drawer -- a drawer that accumulated miscellaneous non-kitchen items (batteries, rubber bands, scissors, takeout menus, mystery keys, expired coupons). Junk drawers are not inherently a failure -- they are a real behavioral need. The solution is not to eliminate the junk drawer but to define it explicitly: this drawer has a specific size, holds only a defined category of items, and is purged quarterly. Do not pretend the household will stop needing it.
- **Budget allocation:** A from-zero kitchen organization project requires: drawer dividers ($25-45 for a full kitchen), shelf risers ($15-30 for pantry), clear airtight containers for dry goods ($30-70 depending on quantity), lazy Susan for corner cabinets or deep shelves ($15-25 each), and label maker or label tape ($15-30). Total realistic budget: $80-170. This is a one-time investment for a system that lasts years.

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### Open-Concept Kitchen Visible From Living or Dining Area

An open-plan kitchen has an aesthetic constraint that closed kitchens do not -- visible storage areas are part of the home's visual presentation at all times.

- **Container uniformity matters more here than in any other kitchen type.** When a pantry or open shelving area is visible from the living room, mismatched bags, random packaging, and inconsistent containers read as visual clutter even when items are technically organized. Uniform containers (same brand and material throughout, or at minimum a consistent color palette) transform functional storage into visual coherence.
- **Open shelving requires the highest organizational discipline of any kitchen type.** Every item on an open shelf is always on display. The standard for open shelving is: if it would look out of place on a retail store shelf, it should not be on an open kitchen shelf. This typically means decanting all dry goods, grouping by visual category, and using the "visual breathing room" principle -- no more than 70% capacity on any open shelf (30% empty space prevents visual chaos).
- **The back counter view:** In open-plan kitchens, the back of the counter (the area against the wall, often with appliances) is visible from the living area at all times. This is the primary argument for appliance garages, cabinet doors over appliance areas, or highly curated permanent-counter selections. A toaster, coffee maker, air fryer, blender, and bread maker all visible simultaneously from the living area creates visual noise regardless of how organized the functional layout is.
- **Noise and smell management:** Open-concept kitchens distribute cooking smells and sounds throughout the living area. This is not an organizational issue, but it affects which cooking tasks are done at which times -- relevant context when designing the flow of a kitchen for a household that entertains.

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## Example

**User Input:** "I just moved into a new apartment with a small galley kitchen. There are two rows of cabinets facing each other, roughly 8 feet long each. The fridge is at one end, the stove is in the middle of one wall, and the sink is at the far end of the same wall as the stove. I have limited cabinet space and my counters are already cluttered even though I just moved in. I cook quick weeknight meals and I bake on weekends. I have nowhere to put my stand mixer and I can't find anything. Help me organize this."

---

## Kitchen Organization Plan

**Layout:** Galley (two parallel cabinet runs, approximately 8 feet each)
**Approximate Size:** Under 80 sq ft (small/micro kitchen)
**Household:** Single cook
**Cooking Style:** Quick weeknight cooking (primary) + Weekend baking (secondary)
**Modification Constraints:** Renter -- confirm before any drilling, assume no-drill preferred until specified
**Primary Pain Points:** Counter clutter from day one, no designated stand mixer location, can't find anything

---

### Work Triangle Assessment

| Path | Estimated Distance | Target Range | Status |
|------|-------------------|--------------|--------|
| Stove → Sink | ~4 feet (same wall, stove middle / sink at end) | 4-9 ft | OK -- efficient, minimal steps |
| Sink → Refrigerator | ~8 feet (sink at far end, fridge at opposite end) | 4-9 ft | At the upper edge -- acceptable |
| Stove → Refrigerator | ~4 feet (stove in middle, fridge at one end) | 4-9 ft | OK |
| Total Triangle Perimeter | ~16 feet | 13-26 ft | Good -- efficient triangle |

**Notes:** The stove-to-sink path is excellent at approximately 4 feet -- the most frequent travel path in cooking (filling pots, draining pasta, washing hands) is highly efficient. The sink-to-refrigerator run at approximately 8 feet is on the longer end but within acceptable range. The primary workflow limitation in this galley is width -- if the two rows of cabinets are 4 feet apart or less, two-person cooking creates traffic conflicts. Single-cook household means this is not a current concern.

---

### Zone Map

| Zone | Purpose | Physical Location | Key Items Stored Here |
|------|---------|------------------|----------------------|
| 1. Prep | Cutting, measuring, mixing | Counter run on the OPPOSITE wall from stove -- this wall's counter is the primary workspace | Chef's knife, paring knife, bread knife, cutting board (large), mixing bowls, measuring cups and spoons, vegetable prep tools |
| 2. Cooking | Stovetop cooking | Cabinet and counter directly adjacent to stove (both sides if possible) | Skillet, saucepan, stock pot, spatula, tongs, wooden spoon, pot holders, cooking oils, salt, pepper, active-use spices |
| 3. Cleaning | Dishwashing, waste | Under sink and adjacent base cabinet | Dish soap, sponge, drying mat or compact drying rack, trash bin, cleaning supplies |
| 4. Storage | Pantry and dry goods | Upper cabinets on the prep-zone wall (opposite from stove) -- this wall's upper cabinets become the de facto pantry | Dry goods, canned items, pasta, rice, baking supplies, snacks |
| 5. Serving | Dishes, glasses, flatware | Upper cabinet nearest the sink/end of kitchen (closest to dining area exit) | Plates, bowls, mugs, glasses, silverware |

**Galley-specific logic:** In a galley, the two walls have a natural division: the appliance wall (stove, sink, refrigerator, and associated cabinets) is the Cooking and Cleaning zone. The opposite wall (no appliances, continuous counter) is the Prep zone and houses the Storage zone in its upper cabinets. This separation also prevents the most common galley collision: reaching into a cabinet on the stove wall while someone is using the stove.

---

### Counter Management Plan

**This kitchen has two counter surfaces:**
- **Appliance wall counter** (stove wall): This is split into 3 segments by the stove and sink -- two flanking segments, likely 18-24 inches each. Very limited.
- **Prep wall counter** (opposite wall): The longest continuous counter run, approximately 6-7 feet total. This is the primary workspace and should be kept as clear as possible.

**Permanent Counter Items (both conditions met: daily use + slow retrieval):**

| Item | Location | Justification |
|------|----------|--------------|
| Coffee maker | Appliance wall, one flanking counter section | Used daily; retrieval from cabinet adds 15+ seconds |
| Utensil crock (single crock, max 8 tools) | Appliance wall, adjacent to stove | Spatulas, tongs, wooden spoon -- in-use storage for active cooking |
| Magnetic knife strip (wall-mounted, NO counter footprint) | Mounted on prep wall or appliance wall | Holds all 3-4 knives with zero counter footprint; preferred over knife block |
| Dish drying mat (collapsible or slim) | Appliance wall, near sink | Roll up or fold when not in use to reclaim counter |

**Items to Move Off Counter:**

| Item | New Home | Space Reclaimed |
|------|----------|----------------|
| Stand mixer | Lower cabinet on prep wall -- on a heavy-duty non-slip mat or a wooden cutting board as a slide platform | ~18 x 10 inches counter space |
| Toaster | Upper cabinet near serving zone -- pull out when needed (4-second retrieval) | ~12 x 8 inches |
| Blender | Upper cabinet on prep wall | ~8 x 8 inches |
| Any decorative items | Relocate outside kitchen -- galley has no room for non-functional objects | Variable |
| Bags, mail, keys | Create a landing zone in entry area or nearest shelf outside kitchen | Removes kitchen-as-dumping-ground behavior |

**Stand Mixer Solution -- Specific to This Kitchen:**
The stand mixer belongs in the base cabinet on the prep wall (the lower cabinet run on the opposite-from-stove wall). Place it on a heavy wooden cutting board or a smooth non-slip mat to allow sliding it out to the counter edge without lifting. When in use for weekend baking, slide it forward to the prep counter. When not in use (weeknights), it is out of the way and the full counter is available for weeknight cooking. This is the galley kitchen standard solution for stand mixer storage.

**Total Counter Space Reclaimed on Prep Wall:** Approximately 500-600 square inches -- nearly the entire 6-foot counter run stays clear for active cooking and baking prep.

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### Tool Hierarchy

| Frequency | Storage Location | Specific Items |
|-----------|----------------|---------------|
| Daily | Utensil crock on counter + top drawer (prep wall) | Chef's knife (magnetic strip), spatula (silicone), tongs, wooden spoon, pot holders; top drawer: cutting board on counter, measuring spoons in drawer |
| 2-3x
