---
name: immersion-plan
description: |
  Creates language immersion plans with media, input, and output activities organized by proficiency level for language learners. Produces a structured immersion program the learner can follow without traveling.
  Use when a learner asks to immerse themselves in a language, create a home immersion plan, find ways to practice daily, or increase language exposure.
  Do NOT use for vocabulary study (use `vocabulary-building`), for grammar instruction (use `grammar-practice`), or for language level assessment (use `language-level-assessment`).
license: Apache-2.0
metadata:
  author: foundry-skills
  version: "1.0.0"
  tags: "language-learning study-skills step-by-step guide"
  category: "education"
  subcategory: "language-learning"
  depends: ""
  disclaimer: "none"
  difficulty: "intermediate"
---
# Immersion Plan

## When to Use

Use this skill when:

- A learner asks how to immerse themselves in a target language from home, without moving to a country where it is spoken
- A learner wants a structured daily or weekly schedule of listening, reading, speaking, and writing activities organized around their current proficiency level
- A learner mentions they have been studying with textbooks or apps and wants to move beyond structured exercises into "real" language exposure
- A learner is preparing for a high-stakes event (job interview, exam, travel, relocation) and wants intensive exposure over a defined time window
- A learner wants to reorganize their media consumption -- streaming, podcasts, social media, reading -- around their target language
- A learner is at a plateau and wants to break through by increasing the quantity and variety of comprehensible input
- A learner returning to a language after a long break wants a structured re-entry program that starts below their old level and builds back up

**Do NOT use when:**

- The learner needs vocabulary lists, spaced repetition deck building, or word frequency study -- use `vocabulary-building` instead
- The learner needs explicit grammar instruction, conjugation practice, or pattern drilling -- use `grammar-practice` instead
- The learner's current proficiency level is unknown and needs to be measured before a plan can be built -- use `language-level-assessment` first, then return to this skill
- The learner is preparing for a specific standardized test (JLPT, DELF, HSK, IELTS) where exam strategy matters as much as language skill -- use a test-preparation skill for that component
- The learner is a teacher building a classroom immersion curriculum for students -- this skill is designed for solo self-directed learners, not instructional design
- The learner wants only a vocabulary flashcard deck or a grammar worksheet, not a full immersion program

---

## Process

### Step 1: Gather the Four Critical Inputs

Before producing any plan, collect the following. If any input is missing, ask for it directly rather than guessing.

- **Target language** -- be specific about dialect or script variant if relevant (e.g., Brazilian Portuguese vs. European Portuguese, Mandarin with simplified or traditional characters, Latin American Spanish vs. Castilian)
- **Current CEFR level** -- if the learner does not know, ask them to self-describe what they can currently do (understand slow speech, read headlines, hold a 5-minute conversation, etc.) and map it yourself; if genuinely unclear, recommend `language-level-assessment` first
- **Daily time budget** -- ask for a realistic number, not an aspirational one; most working adults have 30--90 minutes; learners overestimate available time by 40--60%, so probe for schedule constraints (commute, lunch break, evenings)
- **Primary goal and deadline** -- "reach B2 before moving to Germany in 8 months" or "feel comfortable watching Japanese anime without subtitles in 3 months" shapes everything; vague goals like "get better" need to be sharpened into a specific CEFR milestone or functional outcome

Secondary inputs that improve plan quality:
- Preferred media types (TV series, music, podcasts, books, news, gaming)
- Access constraints (no Netflix, limited data, text-only access)
- Previous study history and what has or has not worked
- Whether speaking practice with humans is feasible (language exchange partner availability, budget for tutoring)

### Step 2: Map the Learner to the Input Comprehensibility Threshold

The single most important principle in immersion-based acquisition is **comprehensible input** -- content where the learner understands approximately 95--98% of words encountered. Below this threshold, comprehension breaks down and acquisition slows dramatically. Above it, acquisition is efficient and enjoyable.

Apply this mapping:

- **A1 (0--100 hours):** Virtually nothing authentic is comprehensible. Use heavily scaffolded content: graded readers Level 0--1, children's animated shows (ages 3--6), songs with lyrics on screen, phrasebook audio with transcripts. Authentic native-speed media is not yet useful as primary input.
- **A2 (100--300 hours):** Limited authentic comprehension. Primary input should still be graded (Level 2 readers, slow-speed news services, children's shows ages 6--10). Authentic media can be used for small doses of "push" input with subtitles in the target language.
- **B1 (300--600 hours):** The threshold where authentic media becomes accessible with support. TV shows with target-language subtitles, young adult novels, slow-news podcasts, graded news services. This level benefits most from immersion because the return on authentic content suddenly increases.
- **B2 (600--1,000 hours):** Full access to most authentic media. Films without subtitles, novels, podcasts at normal speed, news broadcasts, social media. The challenge shifts from comprehension to cultural/register fluency.
- **C1+ (1,000+ hours):** Focus on high-register or specialized content -- academic lectures, literary fiction, comedy (considered the hardest genre due to wordplay and cultural density), professional discourse in the learner's field.

Identify where on this curve the learner sits, and ensure 70--80% of input content is comprehensible (i+ 1 challenge level), with 10--20% being "stretch" content one level above.

### Step 3: Structure the Input/Output Ratio

Immersion is not just passive consumption. Design the plan around a proven ratio:

- **A1--A2:** 90% input / 10% output. Speaking and writing too early produces fossilized errors before patterns are internalized. Priority is listening and reading volume.
- **B1:** 75% input / 25% output. Begin regular speaking practice -- 2--3 times per week minimum. Output pressure forces the learner to notice gaps in their internalized grammar.
- **B2:** 60% input / 40% output. Roughly equal, with deliberate output activities (journaling, tutoring sessions, conversation exchange) becoming load-bearing.
- **C1+:** 50/50 or output-heavy depending on goal. High-quality output -- formal writing, presentations, complex debate -- becomes the main vehicle for continued growth.

For each learner, calculate the actual time allocation in minutes per day at their level. A B1 learner with 60 minutes/day should spend roughly 45 minutes on input activities and 15 minutes on structured output.

### Step 4: Select and Schedule Specific Input Activities

Build the listening and reading stack from these categories, matching each to the learner's CEFR level:

**Listening input sources by level:**

- A1--A2: Slow-speed language podcasts designed for learners (many major languages have dedicated beginner podcast series), children's animation with simple vocabulary, songs with visible lyrics
- B1: Slow-news audio services (multiple languages offer "easy" or "plain language" radio editions), intermediate learner podcasts with native hosts speaking at 70% speed, TV dramas with target-language subtitles
- B2: Regular news radio/TV, narrative podcasts on topics the learner already knows in their native language (familiar content compensates for unfamiliar language), films without subtitles
- C1+: Lectures, comedy specials, panel discussions, audiobooks of literary fiction, professional podcasts in the learner's field

**Reading input sources by level:**

- A1--A2: Graded readers (published by major language-learning publishers, graded by word count and vocabulary frequency bands), children's picture books, simple social media captions, menus and product labels
- B1: Young adult fiction, graded news articles (available in many languages as simplified editions), web articles on familiar topics, text-based video game interfaces
- B2: Unabridged novels (start with genres the learner enjoys in their native language), newspapers, long-form journalism, professional articles
- C1+: Literary fiction, academic papers, legal or technical documents in the learner's professional field, classical literature

**Scheduling principle:** Anchor immersion to existing habits. Commute time becomes podcast time. Morning coffee becomes reading time. This reduces friction and prevents schedule collapse.

### Step 5: Design Output Activities by Type

Output activities fall into three types, each serving a different acquisition function:

**Production with correction (highest value for accuracy):**
- Sessions with a paid tutor (1 hour/week minimum at B1+ to have meaningful impact)
- Language exchange partner sessions via text or voice (30 minutes per session, reciprocal -- 15 minutes each language)
- Italki, Preply, or similar platforms connect learners to tutors across price ranges; price is not the only variable -- find a tutor who speaks at a level just above the learner's comprehension floor

**Unmonitored production (builds fluency and automaticity):**
- Daily journal writing -- A1: 3--5 sentences, A2: 5--8 sentences, B1: 1 paragraph, B2+: multiple paragraphs on a specific prompt
- Voice memos -- record yourself speaking for 1--3 minutes on a topic, replay to hear your own pronunciation patterns
- Thinking aloud in the target language -- narrate mundane tasks (making breakfast, driving) in your head or quietly aloud; this builds spontaneous retrieval

**Shadowing (bridges input and output):**
- Find an audio clip of 30--60 seconds with a transcript
- Listen 2--3 times without the transcript to capture rhythm and sound
- Listen while reading the transcript
- Read aloud while playing the audio simultaneously (shadowing proper)
- Speak the content from memory without the audio
- This technique is particularly powerful for prosody, rhythm, and connected speech at B1+

**Output environment creation:**
- Change phone, browser, and operating system language to the target language
- Set calendar event labels in the target language
- Write grocery lists and reminders in the target language
- Change social media algorithm by actively following, liking, and engaging with content in the target language

### Step 6: Assign Weekly Structure and Load

Distribute activities across a 7-day week based on the learner's time budget. Use this architecture:

- **Daily (every day without exception):** A short, non-negotiable anchor activity of 10--20 minutes that maintains the neural habit even on low-energy days. Options: listen to one podcast episode during commute, read 2 pages of a graded reader, write 5 sentences in a journal.
- **High-intensity sessions (3--5 days/week):** The main immersion block of 30--60 minutes -- a TV episode, a reading session, a shadowing practice block.
- **Speaking sessions (1--3 days/week):** Scheduled in advance, because they require a partner or preparation. Treat them as unmissable.
- **Rest/light review (1 day/week):** Review the week's journal entries for self-correction, re-listen to a clip already understood, or watch something purely for entertainment in the target language without study pressure.

Calculate total weekly input hours. For meaningful acquisition progress, research benchmarks suggest:
- A1 to A2: approximately 150--200 hours total input
- A2 to B1: approximately 200--300 hours total input
- B1 to B2: approximately 300--400 hours total input
- B2 to C1: approximately 500--600 hours total input

Tell the learner honestly how many weeks their time budget will take to reach their goal. A learner with 60 minutes/day (7 hours/week) moving from B1 to B2 will need approximately 43--57 weeks -- nearly a full year. Manage expectations directly.

### Step 7: Build the Environment and Accountability Structure

A plan without an environment often collapses within two weeks. Include concrete environmental modifications:

**Physical environment:**
- Label 10--15 household objects with sticky notes showing the target-language word (on the refrigerator, coffee maker, mirror, desk)
- Keep a physical notebook dedicated to language journaling -- the tactile habit cue of picking it up is valuable
- Set a specific location for immersion (a chair, a desk corner) that becomes associated only with this activity

**Digital environment:**
- Create a dedicated playlist or feed in the target language for each media type
- Set phone and computer interface language to target language (only practical at B1+; below this level it creates confusion rather than immersion)
- Use browser language settings to receive target-language suggestions for YouTube and similar platforms

**Accountability structure:**
- Suggest the learner track daily streaks with a simple paper habit tracker or a notes-app table
- Recommend a once-weekly 5-minute self-check: Did I hit my daily anchor activity every day? Did I complete my speaking sessions? What was the hardest content this week?
- If the learner has a study partner, schedule a brief weekly check-in message (even just a voice memo in the target language sent to a friend)

### Step 8: Set Milestone Checkpoints and Adjustment Triggers

Build in explicit assessment points:

- **4-week checkpoint:** Is the daily anchor habit established? Is the content still at the right comprehensibility level? If the learner is bored, the content is too easy -- move up. If the learner is frustrated, the content is too hard -- move down.
- **8-week checkpoint:** Measure comprehension gains on a benchmark clip. Find a video at the target CEFR level, watch once without subtitles, estimate comprehension percentage. Compare to the same benchmark from week 1. Growth of 10--15 percentage points in 8 weeks is on track.
- **Level-up trigger:** When the learner can understand 95%+ of their primary input sources without effort, it is time to introduce harder content. Staying too long at a comfortable level produces plateau effects.
- **Burnout trigger:** If a learner reports skipping 3+ days in a row, the plan is too ambitious. Reduce the daily target by 30--40% and rebuild the habit before increasing load again.

---

## Output Format

Produce the immersion plan in the following structure. Every field must be filled with specific content tailored to the learner -- no placeholders.

```
## Home Immersion Plan: [Target Language]

**Learner Level:** [CEFR level, e.g., A2 / low-B1]
**Daily Time Budget:** [X minutes/day on weekdays, Y minutes on weekends]
**Primary Goal:** [Specific functional or CEFR milestone, e.g., "Reach B2 reading comprehension before relocating to Japan in 9 months"]
**Estimated Timeline to Goal:** [Weeks/months based on time budget calculation]
**Input/Output Ratio:** [e.g., 75% input / 25% output for B1 learner]

---

### Daily Anchor Activity (Non-Negotiable -- 10--20 min every day)

[Single specific activity: e.g., "Listen to one episode of [slow-news podcast in target language] during morning routine -- no transcript, focus on gist comprehension only"]

---

### Weekly Schedule

| Day | Activity | Duration | Type | Level |
|-----|----------|----------|------|-------|
| Monday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Input: Listening | [CEFR] |
| Tuesday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Output: Speaking | [CEFR] |
| Wednesday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Input: Reading | [CEFR] |
| Thursday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Input: Listening | [CEFR] |
| Friday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Output: Writing | [CEFR] |
| Saturday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Input: Long-form | [CEFR] |
| Sunday | [Specific activity] | [X min] | Review / Light | Any |

**Total weekly immersion hours:** [X hours Y minutes]

---

### Input Stack

#### Listening

| Content Type | Specific Recommendation | CEFR Match | Subtitles/Transcript |
|--------------|------------------------|------------|----------------------|
| [e.g., Podcast] | [e.g., NHK Web Easy audio, news read at reduced speed] | B1 | Target-language transcript available |
| [e.g., TV drama] | [e.g., Slice-of-life drama with clear enunciation] | B1--B2 | Start with TL subtitles, remove at 80% comprehension |
| [e.g., Music] | [e.g., Pop songs with printed lyrics, karaoke-style video] | Any | Lyrics on screen |

#### Reading

| Content Type | Specific Recommendation | CEFR Match | Notes |
|--------------|------------------------|------------|-------|
| [e.g., News] | [e.g., Simplified news service in target language] | B1 | 2 articles/day, look up max 5 unknown words |
| [e.g., Fiction] | [e.g., Young adult novel in target language] | B1--B2 | 10 pages/day, use monolingual dictionary at B2 |
| [e.g., Social media] | [e.g., Follow 5 accounts in target language on chosen platform] | B1+ | Passive reading, comment once/week |

---

### Output Stack

#### Speaking

| Activity | Frequency | Duration | Method | Partner/Tool |
|----------|-----------|----------|--------|--------------|
| [Tutoring session] | [1x/week] | [45 min] | [Structured conversation + error correction] | [Paid tutor on language platform] |
| [Language exchange] | [2x/week] | [30 min] | [15 min each language] | [Exchange partner] |
| [Shadowing] | [4x/week] | [15 min] | [Audio clip + transcript method] | [Self-directed] |

#### Writing

| Activity | Frequency | Target Length | Correction Method |
|----------|-----------|---------------|-------------------|
| [Daily journal] | [Daily] | [5--8 sentences] | [Self-review; share 1 entry/week with tutor for correction] |
| [Social media comment] | [3x/week] | [1--3 sentences] | [Natural exposure -- no correction needed] |

---

### Environment Setup Checklist

- [ ] Phone OS language changed to [target language] (do this only at B1+)
- [ ] Browser default language changed to [target language]
- [ ] 10 household objects labeled with sticky notes in [target language]
- [ ] Dedicated social media feed curated to [target language] content
- [ ] Language journal notebook designated (physical or digital)
- [ ] Calendar holds scheduled speaking sessions for next 4 weeks
- [ ] Daily anchor activity linked to an existing habit (e.g., morning coffee, commute)

---

### Milestone Checkpoints

| Checkpoint | When | What to Measure | On-Track Signal |
|------------|------|-----------------|-----------------|
| Habit check | Week 4 | Streak consistency | 5+ days/week hit |
| Comprehension test | Week 8 | Re-test benchmark clip | +10--15% vs. baseline |
| Content level review | Week 12 | Is current content still challenging? | Adjust up if >95% easy |
| Level-up assessment | [Month X] | Functional milestone test | [Specific CEFR functional criterion] |

---

### Immersion Activities by CEFR Level Reference

| Level | Primary Listening | Primary Reading | Primary Output |
|-------|------------------|-----------------|----------------|
| A1 | Children's animation (ages 3--6), phrasebook audio with transcript, simple songs with lyrics on screen | Graded readers Level 0--1, picture books, labeled objects in environment | Label objects, copy sentences, repeat phrases aloud |
| A2 | Children's shows (ages 6--10), learner podcasts at slow speed, graded audio books | Graded readers Level 2, simplified news, easy comic strips | Daily diary 3--5 sentences, basic conversation practice 2x/week |
| B1 | Slow-news audio services, TV drama with TL subtitles, intermediate learner podcasts | Simplified news services, young adult novels, graded readers Level 4--5 | Daily diary 1 paragraph, language exchange 2x/week, shadowing 4x/week |
| B2 | Regular news radio, films without subtitles, native-speed podcasts on familiar topics | Unabridged novels, newspapers, long-form journalism | Journaling 2+ paragraphs, weekly tutor session, social media engagement |
| C1+ | Lectures, comedy specials, panel discussions, audiobooks of literary fiction | Literary fiction, academic papers, field-specific professional content | Formal writing, presentations, debate, professional correspondence |

---

### What to Do When It Gets Hard

- If you understand less than 70% of your primary content: move down one level immediately
- If you understand more than 98% of your primary content without effort: move up one level
- If you miss 3 consecutive days: reduce daily target by 30%, rebuild streak, then scale back up
- If speaking anxiety blocks output: spend 2 weeks on shadowing and voice memo recording before returning to live conversation

---

### Next Steps
1. [Immediate action -- today or tomorrow]
2. [First week priority]
3. [4-week review action]
```

---

## Rules

1. **Never assign content above or more than one CEFR level above the learner's current level as primary input.** Content two levels above produces frustration and discouragement, not acquisition. A confirmed A2 learner should not be assigned unscripted native-speed podcasts as their main listening material.

2. **Always calculate and state the realistic timeline to goal.** A learner with 45 minutes/day needs approximately 5.25 hours/week. If moving from A2 to B1 requires 250 hours of input, that is approximately 48 weeks. State this directly. Unmanaged expectations are the leading cause of immersion plan abandonment.

3. **Never assign more than 50% of time budget to output at A1 or A2.** Premature heavy output at early stages produces fossilized pronunciation and grammar patterns that are extremely difficult to correct later. Protect the input-heavy phase.

4. **Anchor every plan to a non-negotiable daily habit of 10--20 minutes maximum.** This is the plan's survival mechanism. A learner who misses their 90-minute block will often spiral into days of avoidance. The anchor activity must be short enough that skipping it is never justified.

5. **Specify content types, not content titles or brand-specific URLs.** Instead of naming specific Netflix series or podcast titles that may not be accessible or available in the future, describe content by type, register, and genre (e.g., "a slice-of-life drama with clear enunciation and target-language subtitle availability"). Learners apply this description to find current, accessible content.

6. **Comprehensibility is the primary quality filter, not authenticity.** "Authentic" native-speed media is not inherently better than scaffolded content at low levels. A learner watching a C1-level film at A2 is not immersed -- they are confused. Guide the learner to materials where they understand 95--98% of vocabulary in context.

7. **Do not build a plan without a stated goal and timeline.** An immersion plan without a goal has no way to calibrate intensity, content difficulty progression, or success criteria. If the learner says "I just want to get better," push for a specific functional outcome before producing the plan.

8. **Speaking practice must be scheduled in advance on the calendar.** Output activities that are left open-ended ("practice speaking when you get a chance") are universally skipped. Require the learner to commit specific days and times for speaking sessions before finalizing the plan.

9. **The 95--98% comprehensibility rule applies to reading as well as listening.** When assigning reading materials, a learner should not encounter more than 2--5 unknown words per page in primary reading content. Encountering more than 5 unknown words per page per 100 words signals the text is too difficult for acquisition-mode reading. It may be suitable for intensive vocabulary study instead.

10. **Revisit and revise the plan at weeks 4, 8, and 12.** A static immersion plan that is not adjusted to the learner's actual progress is worse than no plan, because it creates guilt without direction. Build explicit checkpoints into every plan and tell the learner what signals should trigger an adjustment upward or downward.

---

## Edge Cases

### Learner is a true A1 beginner with zero prior exposure
A complete beginner cannot self-assess comprehensibility because they cannot yet distinguish what they do and do not understand -- everything sounds like noise. Do not assign authentic media as primary input. Build the first 4--6 weeks entirely around structured input: a beginner audio course with printed transcripts, children's songs with lyrics, and simple graded reader Level 0. Authentic immersion becomes viable when the learner has a core vocabulary of approximately 500--800 high-frequency words. Recommend pairing this plan with `vocabulary-building` to build that foundation faster. Warn the learner that immersion feels unrewarding at A1 -- this is normal and temporary.

### Learner has a very limited time budget (15--20 minutes/day)
At 15--20 minutes/day (roughly 1.75--2.3 hours/week), progress to CEFR milestones will take multiple years. Do not falsely compress the timeline. Instead, design a plan that maximizes habit formation at this realistic constraint. Assign the entire time budget to a single high-ROI activity per day (rotating across the week: Monday/Wednesday/Friday = listening; Tuesday/Thursday = reading; Saturday = writing; Sunday = review). Tell the learner that at this pace, A2 to B1 may take 2.5--3 years. Suggest they identify even 10 more minutes/day -- the compounding effect of 30 versus 20 minutes/day nearly halves the timeline.

### Learner has very high motivation but very limited authentic content available for their target language
Some languages have limited graded reader libraries, limited learner podcasts, and limited streaming content (e.g., minority languages, regional languages, less-resourced languages). Adapt by: recommending parallel text methods (a book the learner has already read in their native language, obtained in the target language), using audio recordings of written texts when visual-only content dominates, and emphasizing human speaking practice (tutors, heritage speaker communities, diaspora communities) as a substitute for media content. Do not pretend the content landscape is richer than it is -- acknowledge the constraint and work around it.

### Learner wants to maintain multiple languages simultaneously
Managing two active immersion plans simultaneously is possible but requires a minimum time budget. Each language needs at minimum 30 minutes/day of active input to maintain forward momentum -- below that, decay keeps pace with acquisition. Assign each language a clear role: one language as "primary" receiving 60--70% of immersion time, one as "maintenance" receiving 30--40%. Do not split evenly when both languages are below C1 -- the learner will plateau in both. Recommend alternating intensive weeks (two weeks primary language A, two weeks primary language B) over daily splitting, which fragments attention.

### Learner has tried immersion before and burned out
Burnout in immersion is almost always caused by one of three things: content was too difficult (comprehensibility below 70%), time commitment was too high (100+ minutes/day is unsustainable for most learners long-term without significant life adaptation), or output was assigned too early before listening foundations were built. Diagnose which of these caused the previous burnout. Then deliberately set the new plan at 60% of the previous load. Use the phrase "sustainable immersion" -- the goal is a 12-month plan the learner can actually complete, not a 6-week sprint. Include explicit rest days.

### Learner's target language uses a non-Latin script (Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Arabic, Russian, etc.)
Script literacy is a prerequisite for reading immersion and must be addressed before reading-based activities can be fully implemented. Include a dedicated script acquisition phase of 2--6 weeks depending on the script complexity: hiragana/katakana (Japanese phonetic scripts) can be learned in 1--2 weeks; Arabic script takes 3--4 weeks; kanji (Chinese characters or Japanese kanji) require months to years of parallel study. During the script acquisition phase, shift the input balance heavily toward listening (80% listening / 20% reading). Recommend pairing with `vocabulary-building` for script-integrated flashcard study. Do not assign reading materials until the learner can decode the script fluently enough to read without stopping at every character.

### Learner is preparing for immersion travel (departure in 4--8 weeks)
This is a sprint scenario, not a sustainable long-term plan. Compress the immersion plan to maximize survival and communication skills rather than broad acquisition. Prioritize: listening to authentic speech at the destination's dialect/accent (not always the textbook standard dialect), high-frequency spoken vocabulary for logistics (transport, accommodation, food, emergencies), and speaking practice with a tutor who speaks the destination dialect. Reduce or eliminate reading-heavy activities in favor of listening + speaking. Set the goal as "functional survival competence" rather than CEFR advancement. Recommend the learner continue a long-term immersion plan after returning from travel.

---

## Example

**Input:** "I'm learning Spanish. I'd say I'm somewhere around B1 -- I've been studying for about a year and a half, can understand a lot when people speak slowly, and can hold basic conversations. I watch some Spanish content but mostly with English subtitles. My goal is to be comfortable watching TV shows and films without any subtitles and to have natural conversations. I have about 45 minutes on weekdays and maybe 90 minutes on weekend days. I'd love a structured plan."

---

**Output:**

```
## Home Immersion Plan: Spanish (Latin American, general)

**Learner Level:** B1 (confirmed by self-description -- understands slow/clear speech, holds basic conversations)
**Daily Time Budget:** 45 min weekdays / 90 min weekend days
**Weekly Total:** ~225 minutes weekdays + ~180 minutes weekends = ~405 minutes (~6.75 hours/week)
**Primary Goal:** Comfortable comprehension of TV/film without subtitles; natural conversational fluency
**Target CEFR Milestone:** B2 receptive + productive (TV comprehension without subtitles = B2 receptive threshold)
**Estimated Timeline:** B1 to B2 requires approximately 300--400 hours of quality input. At 6.75 hours/week, this will take approximately 44--60 weeks -- roughly 10--14 months of consistent effort.
**Input/Output Ratio:** 75% input / 25% output (appropriate for mid-B1)

---

### The Single Most Important Change You Need to Make Right Now

Switch your Spanish TV watching from English subtitles to Spanish subtitles immediately. English subtitles mean you are reading English, not listening to Spanish. Your brain bypasses the audio entirely. Spanish subtitles keep you processing the target language while still providing a comprehension scaffold. Removing subtitles entirely is the B2 goal -- not the starting point.

---

### Daily Anchor Activity (Non-Negotiable -- 15 minutes every day)

Listen to one short audio segment from a slow-speed Spanish news service (multiple Latin American countries produce simplified-language radio news, typically 3--5 minutes per segment) during your morning routine -- while getting ready, eating breakfast, or commuting. Do not look at a transcript. Focus only on gist: what is the topic? what happened? who was involved? This builds listening stamina without requiring your full attention or a screen.

---

### Weekly Schedule

| Day | Activity | Duration | Type | CEFR Level |
|-----|----------|----------|------|------------|
| Monday | Anchor (slow-news audio, gist only) + Watch 1 TV episode with Spanish subtitles, actively | 15 + 30 min | Input: Listening | B1 |
| Tuesday | Anchor + Spanish journal entry (1 paragraph, ~8--10 sentences, any topic from your day) | 15 + 30 min | Input + Output: Writing | B1 |
| Wednesday | Anchor + Shadowing practice (1 clip, 45--60 sec, full shadowing protocol) | 15 + 30 min | Output: Speaking/Prosody | B1 |
| Thursday | Anchor + Read 10--12 pages of young adult novel or simplified news articles | 15 + 30 min | Input: Reading | B1--B2 |
| Friday | Anchor + Language exchange or tutoring session (schedule in advance) | 15 + 30 min | Output: Speaking | B1 |
| Saturday | Watch 1--2 TV episodes with Spanish subtitles + shadowing from 1 scene (no transcript) | 60 + 30 min | Input + Output | B1--B2 |
| Sunday | Re-read this week's journal entries, self-correct 3 sentences, re-listen to Monday's news clip | 30 min | Review | B1 |

**Total weekly immersion time: approximately 6.75 hours**

---

### The Subtitle Progression Protocol (Your Path to No Subtitles)

This is the structured method for achieving your primary goal. Follow these stages in order:

**Stage 1 (Weeks 1--6): Spanish subtitles on all Spanish content.** Your job is to build the habit of processing Spanish audio + Spanish text simultaneously. You are allowed to pause.

**Stage 2 (Weeks 7--14): First watch with Spanish subtitles, then re-watch the same episode without any subtitles.** Re-watching familiar content without subtitles trains your ear on audio you already understand. The comprehension is real -- you are not faking it.

**Stage 3 (Weeks 15--22): Watch new episodes without subtitles first, then add Spanish subtitles to check comprehension.** This reverses the dependency. You use subtitles as a confirmation tool, not a crutch.

**Stage 4 (Weeks 23+): Watch new content without subtitles, no checking.** You are now functioning at B2 receptive comprehension for your chosen content type.

Do not rush to Stage 3 or 4. If you are understanding less than 70% in Stage 2 without subtitles, stay in Stage 2.

---

### Input Stack

#### Listening

| Content Type | Recommendation | CEFR Match | Subtitles/Transcript |
|--------------|----------------|------------|----------------------|
| Daily news audio | Short slow-speed Spanish news segments (Latin American broadcasts, simplified-language editions) | B1 | No transcript; gist comprehension only |
| TV drama | Slice-of-life or comedy-drama series with clear enunciation; avoid crime thrillers at this stage (fast speech, slang-heavy) | B1--B2 | Spanish subtitles (Stages 1--2); none later |
| Intermediate podcast | Spanish-language podcasts aimed at intermediate learners, where hosts speak at 70--80% native speed and topics are culturally familiar | B1 | Transcript available for review after listening |
| Music | Spanish-language pop or rock with printed lyrics; follow along while listening | Any | Lyrics displayed |

**What to avoid for now:** Live sports commentary (extremely fast, regional slang), political debate programs (rhetorical speed, interruptions), comedy stand-up specials (wordplay, cultural density -- this is a C1 genre). These are B2--C1 content. Add them after your subtitle protocol reaches Stage 4.

#### Reading

| Content Type | Recommendation | CEFR Match | Strategy |
|--------------|----------------|------------|----------|
| Young adult fiction | Any YA novel translated into Spanish or originally written in Spanish; realistic fiction works better than fantasy for vocabulary frequency | B1--B2 | Read 10--12 pages/session; look up no more than 5 words per session to maintain flow |
| Simplified news | Spanish simplified-news editions (several Spanish-language broadcasters publish "easy Spanish" text versions of daily news) | B1 | 2 articles per reading session; intensive reading, look up unknowns |
| Social media | Follow 5--8 accounts posting in Spanish: journalists, chefs, athletes, comedians in topics you already care about | B1+ | Passive reading; occasionally write a 1-sentence comment |
| Subtitles (active) | During TV watching, read Spanish subtitles actively rather than passively -- this is real reading practice | B1 | Do not skip or look away |

**The 5-words-per-page rule:** If you are encountering more than 5 unknown words per page in your novel, the book is too difficult for acquisition-mode reading. Find a simpler text and return to this book in 3--4 months.

---

### Output Stack

#### Speaking

| Activity | Frequency | Duration | Method |
|----------|-----------|----------|--------|
| Language exchange | 2x/week | 30 min (15 min Spanish, 15 min your native language) | Find a native Spanish speaker learning your native language; structure sessions with a topic agreed in advance |
| Tutoring session | 1x/week | 45 min | Work with a tutor who can provide error correction; specifically request that they stop you when you use English fillers or revert to English structures; ask for weekly vocabulary feedback |
| Shadowing | 4x/week | 15 min | Protocol: (1) Listen 3x to a 45--60 second clip -- a scene from your TV show works perfectly. (2) Read the Spanish transcript or subtitle text aloud. (3) Shadow: play audio and speak simultaneously. (4) Speak the content from memory without audio. |
| Voice memo monologue | 3x/week | 3--5 min | Record yourself speaking on a topic: describe your day, summarize a news story you heard, explain an opinion. Do not edit. Replay once to notice habitual hesitations or repeated errors. |

#### Writing

| Activity | Frequency | Target Length | Correction Method |
|----------|-----------|---------------|-------------------|
| Daily journal | 5 days/week | 8--10 sentences | Self-review on Sundays; share one entry per week with your tutor for written feedback |
| Language exchange messages | Between sessions | 2--4 sentences | Text your exchange partner in Spanish between voice sessions to maintain daily output habit |

---

### Environment Setup Checklist

- [ ] Change phone OS display language to Spanish (you are at B1 -- this is now fully feasible and actively useful)
- [ ] Change browser default language to Spanish
- [ ] Write your grocery list in Spanish this week
- [ ] Label the following 12 objects in your home with sticky notes: refrigerator, stove, window, door, desk, chair, bed, bathroom mirror, coffee maker, bookshelf, lamp, clock
- [ ] Set calendar recurring events: language exchange (2 days), tutor session (1 day), journal time (daily), shadowing (4 days)
- [ ] Curate your social media: follow at minimum 8 Spanish-language accounts across 2--3 topics you genuinely care about
- [ ] Set phone alarm labels to Spanish (e.g., "Levantarse" instead of "Wake up")

---

### Milestone Checkpoints

| Checkpoint | When | What to Measure | On-Track Signal |
|------------|------|-----------------|-----------------|
| Habit check | Week 4 | Daily anchor activity streak | 5+ days/week; journal exists |
| Subtitle stage check | Week 8 | Can you complete Stage 2 (re-watch without subtitles) at 75%+ comprehension? | Yes = move toward Stage 3 |
| Comprehension benchmark | Week 8 | Watch a new 5-min clip without subtitles, estimate % understood | 65--75% = on track for B1 |
| Content difficulty audit | Week 12 | Is your novel still challenging? Is your podcast still stretching you? | Adjust content level as needed |
| Speaking fluency check | Week 16 | Can you sustain a 5-minute conversation without switching to English? | Yes = approaching B2 productive |
| No-subtitle target | Week 23 | Attempt Stage 4 on familiar content type | 80%+ comprehension = B2 receptive reached for that genre |

---

### Common B1 Mistakes This Plan Is Designed to Prevent

- **Watching with English subtitles and calling it immersion:** You are now on Spanish subtitles. This is non-negotiable.
- **Skipping speaking because it is uncomfortable:** Discomfort at B1 speaking is a signal that output is doing its job. Schedule it. Show up.
- **Reading only graded content forever:** At B1, you are ready for authentic simplified texts and YA fiction. Staying in graded readers beyond A2--B1 slows your acquisition of natural colloquial vocabulary.
- **Studying vocabulary lists instead of encountering words in context:** At B1+, contextual acquisition from reading and listening is more efficient than isolated vocabulary drilling for most learners. Let the immersion do the vocabulary work.

---

### Next Steps

1. **Today:** Switch your TV watching to Spanish subtitles. Start Stage 1 of the subtitle protocol tonight.
2. **This week:** Schedule your language exchange partner search and your first tutor session. These must be on the calendar before the week ends or they will not happen.
3. **Week 4 review:** Check your habit streak. Did you complete the daily anchor activity at least 5 days each week? If yes, you are on track. If no, identify which day/time it was missed and problem-solve the schedule before adding load.
4. **Week 8 benchmark:** Re-watch the first episode of your chosen TV series without any subtitles. Estimate what percentage you understand compared to when you started. This is your most honest progress signal.
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