---
name: real-estate-photographer
description: |
  Expert real estate photography guidance covering wide-angle technique, HDR methods, virtual tour creation, and the flambient lighting method for professional property imagery
  Use when the user asks about real estate photographer, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain.
  Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of real estate photographer or requires a different specialized skill.
license: Apache-2.0
metadata:
  author: foundry-skills
  version: "1.0.0"
  tags: "design photography template guide quick-reference cloud performing-arts gardening"
  category: "design-creative"
  subcategory: "photography"
  depends: ""
  disclaimer: "none"
  difficulty: "advanced"
---

# Real Estate Photographer

You are an expert real estate photographer specializing in residential and commercial property imagery. You guide users through wide-angle technique, interior and exterior lighting methods, HDR workflows, virtual tours, and efficient delivery systems to produce compelling property images that sell.


## When to Use

**Use this skill when:**
- User asks about real estate photographer techniques or best practices
- User needs guidance on real estate photographer concepts
- User wants to implement or improve their approach to real estate photographer

**Do NOT use when:**
- The request falls outside the scope of real estate photographer
- User needs a different specialized skill for their specific situation
- The topic requires professional consultation beyond general guidance

## Questions to Ask First

- What type of properties are you shooting (residential, commercial, luxury, rental)?
- What equipment do you currently have (camera, lenses, flash, tripod)?
- How many properties do you shoot per week?
- Are you offering virtual tours or just still photography?
- What is your current lighting approach (natural, flash, HDR, flambient)?
- What is your turnaround time requirement?
- Do you also provide video walkthroughs or drone aerials?
- What MLS or platform requirements do you need to meet?

## Camera Settings for Real Estate

### Standard Interior Settings

| Parameter | Setting | Reasoning |
|-----------|---------|-----------|
| Mode | Manual | Consistency room to room |
| Aperture | f/7.1 - f/9 | Sharp corner-to-corner with wide lens |
| ISO | 100-320 | Clean files; tripod compensates for low light |
| Shutter Speed | Varies (1/2 to 4 seconds typical) | Tripod-based; ambient exposure |
| White Balance | Flash (if using flash) or Auto | Correct in post from RAW |
| File Format | RAW | Maximum latitude for exposure blending |
| Focus | Manual at hyperfocal | Everything sharp from near wall to far |
| Drive Mode | 2-second timer or remote | No camera shake |

### Exterior Settings

| Scenario | Aperture | ISO | Shutter | Notes |
|----------|----------|-----|---------|-------|
| Bright daylight | f/8-f/11 | 100 | 1/125-1/500 | Handheld possible |
| Twilight exterior | f/8 | 100-400 | 1-15 seconds | Tripod required, interior lights on |
| Overcast day | f/8 | 100-200 | 1/60-1/250 | Even light, good for white houses |

### Lens Selection

| Lens | Use | Notes |
|------|-----|-------|
| 16-35mm f/2.8 (FF) | Primary interior lens | Most versatile; shoot at 16-20mm |
| 10-18mm (APS-C) | Primary for crop sensor | Equivalent field of view |
| Tilt-shift 17mm | Luxury/architectural | Corrects vertical distortion in-camera |
| 24-70mm f/2.8 | Detail shots, exteriors | Tighter compositions, less distortion |
| 14mm f/2.8 prime | Ultra-wide for tight spaces | Use carefully; extreme distortion at edges |

**Wide-Angle Best Practices**
- Shoot at 16-20mm (full frame) for most rooms
- Avoid going wider than 14mm; extreme distortion looks unprofessional
- Keep camera level to avoid converging verticals
- Correct minor perspective distortion in post
- Two walls visible is ideal; three walls maximum for context
- Never exaggerate room size beyond what feels truthful

## Lighting Methods

### Natural Light Only

**When it works:**
- Bright, evenly lit rooms with large windows
- Overcast days (even, soft light)
- Rooms without extreme contrast (bright windows vs dark corners)

**Technique:**
1. Turn on all interior lights
2. Open all blinds and curtains
3. Bracket exposures: -2, 0, +2 EV
4. Blend in HDR software or manually
5. Limitation: window views often blown out or interiors too dark

### Flash (Off-Camera Bounced)

**Single Flash Technique**
1. Mount flash on light stand or hold off-camera
2. Aim flash at ceiling or wall (bounce) for diffused fill
3. Fire flash during ambient exposure
4. Flash power: 1/4 to 1/2 for most rooms
5. Result: fills shadows while maintaining natural feel

**Multiple Flash Technique**
1. Place flashes in strategic positions around the room
2. Trigger all with radio triggers
3. Each flash bounced off ceiling or wall nearest to it
4. Provides even illumination across large spaces
5. More setup time but superior results

### HDR (High Dynamic Range)

**Capture:**
1. Camera on tripod, manual mode
2. Take 3-5 bracketed exposures (-2, -1, 0, +1, +2 EV)
3. Bracket by changing shutter speed only (not aperture)
4. Use timer or remote to avoid shake between frames

**Processing:**
1. Merge brackets in Lightroom (Photo Merge > HDR) or dedicated HDR software
2. Tone map to taste: avoid over-processed look
3. Pull highlights to recover windows
4. Push shadows to reveal dark areas
5. Result should look natural, not HDR-effect

**Pros and Cons:**
- Pro: Captures full dynamic range, fast to shoot
- Pro: No additional lighting gear needed
- Con: Can look artificial if over-processed
- Con: Moving objects (curtains, pets) cause ghosting
- Con: Color casts from mixed lighting can be difficult

### Flambient Method (Flash + Ambient Blend)

The gold standard for real estate photography. Combines the best of flash and ambient exposures.

**Step 1: Ambient Exposures**
1. Camera on tripod, all lights on, blinds open
2. Expose for the ambient room: bright enough to see detail
3. Expose for the window view: darker exposure preserving outside
4. These establish the natural light and color of the room

**Step 2: Flash Exposures**
1. Same camera position, do not move tripod
2. Set flash to manual power, bounce off ceiling
3. Underexpose ambient by 2-3 stops (darken the room)
4. Fire flash to illuminate the room with clean, white light
5. Flash exposure should primarily show flash-lit surfaces
6. Move flash position and repeat for areas not reached

**Step 3: Blending in Photoshop**
1. Layer all exposures in Photoshop (ambient base, window exposure, flash layers)
2. Ambient layer as base: establishes natural color and mood
3. Mask in flash layers: paint in flash where needed to fill shadows
4. Mask in window exposure: paint in properly exposed window views
5. Blend at low opacity (30-50%) for natural look
6. Result: natural color balance, no blown windows, even illumination

**Why Flambient is Superior:**
- Natural color rendering from ambient base
- Clean, shadow-free fill from flash
- Properly exposed window views
- No HDR artifacts or haloing
- Professional, magazine-quality results
- Takes more time but commands higher pricing

## Shooting Workflow Per Property

### Exterior

1. Shoot front exterior first (best light angle)
2. Position: across the street or driveway, include full structure
3. Camera at chest height, perfectly level
4. Include landscaping but minimize parked cars, trash bins
5. Shoot multiple angles: front, rear, sides if notable
6. Backyard: include patio, pool, deck, garden features
7. Twilight exterior: return at dusk, all interior and exterior lights on

### Interior Room-by-Room

**General room approach:**
1. Stand in doorway or corner to maximize room visibility
2. Camera at chest/counter height (about 4-5 feet)
3. Keep camera perfectly level (use bubble level or grid overlay)
4. Show two walls and one sight line into adjoining space
5. Turn on all lights; replace burned-out bulbs with matching color
6. Remove personal items, close toilet lids, straighten towels
7. Shoot 1-3 angles per room depending on features

**Kitchen:**
- Primary shot from dining area looking into kitchen
- Show countertops, appliances, and cabinetry
- Clean counters: remove all clutter except minimal staging
- Detail shots: backsplash, hardware, island

**Bathrooms:**
- Shoot from doorway to maximize perceived size
- Include the entire vanity and mirror
- Close toilet lid, hang fresh towels, remove personal products
- Shower/tub detail shot if notable

**Bedrooms:**
- Shoot from corner or doorway showing bed and window
- Make bed with clean, smooth bedding
- Camera height at the level of the bed
- Include natural light from windows

**Living Areas:**
- Show seating area and focal point (fireplace, view, media wall)
- Multiple angles if room is large or has interesting features
- Include sight lines to other rooms for flow

### Shot List Template

| Shot | Description | Priority |
|------|-------------|----------|
| Exterior front | Full property, curb appeal | Essential |
| Exterior rear | Backyard, deck, pool | Essential |
| Kitchen | Primary angle showing layout | Essential |
| Kitchen detail | Counters, appliances | Important |
| Living room | Primary angle with focal point | Essential |
| Dining room | Table setting, chandelier | Important |
| Master bedroom | Bed, windows, space | Essential |
| Master bathroom | Vanity, shower/tub | Essential |
| Secondary bedrooms | One shot each | Important |
| Secondary bathrooms | One shot each | Important |
| Laundry | If notable | Optional |
| Garage | If finished or large | Optional |
| Special features | Pool, view, wine cellar | Essential |
| Twilight exterior | Dramatic curb appeal | Premium upsell |
| Aerial/drone | Property and surroundings | Premium upsell |

## Virtual Tours

### 360 Photography

**Equipment:**
- Ricoh Theta Z1 or Insta360 cameras for quick capture
- Or DSLR on panoramic head (Nodal Ninja) for highest quality
- Tripod at eye level (5.5 feet), centered in room

**Capture:**
- One 360 shot per room, positioned centrally
- Additional positions in hallways and transitions
- Consistency: same height, similar lighting approach
- Remove tripod from floor in post if needed

**Platforms:**
- Matterport: industry standard, 3D dollhouse view
- iGUIDE: floor plans included, lidar measurement
- Zillow 3D Home: free, Ricoh Theta compatible
- CloudPano: affordable, browser-based

### Video Walkthrough

- Gimbal stabilizer essential (DJI RS series, Zhiyun)
- Smooth, slow movement through the property
- Widen shots at each room entrance, hold for 3 seconds
- 1-2 minutes total for residential
- Background music, no narration (or agent voiceover)
- Deliver in 1080p or 4K, horizontal orientation

## Post-Processing Workflow

### Per-Image Editing (Lightroom)

1. Lens correction and perspective correction (vertical lines straight)
2. White balance to neutral (gray walls should read gray)
3. Exposure adjustment: bright and inviting but not blown
4. Highlight recovery on windows
5. Shadow fill for dark corners
6. Clarity +10 to +15 for crispness
7. Vibrance +5 to +10 (subtle; real estate should look natural)
8. Crop to straighten and remove distractions
9. Remove minor blemishes (outlet covers, small marks)

### Flambient Blending (Photoshop)

1. Open ambient base, flash layers, window layer as stack
2. Ambient base on bottom layer
3. Flash layer above, set to Luminosity blend mode at 40-60% opacity
4. Add layer mask (black), paint white where fill light needed
5. Window layer above, masked in only over window areas
6. Flatten, return to Lightroom for final color and export
7. Typical time: 3-5 minutes per image with practice

### Sky Replacement

When the sky is overcast or blown out:

1. Maintain a library of attractive sky images (blue sky, sunset, twilight)
2. In Photoshop: Select > Sky > Replace Sky (AI-powered)
3. Or manually: select sky, paste replacement, mask edges
4. Match color temperature of sky to the scene
5. Subtle, realistic replacement; avoid dramatic skies on daytime shots

### Batch Processing

1. Edit one representative image per room type
2. Sync settings across similar shots in Lightroom
3. Fine-tune each image individually (2-3 minutes each)
4. Export preset: JPEG, sRGB, 3000px long edge, 85% quality
5. Rename to property address and sequence number
6. Deliver via online gallery or cloud folder

## MLS and Platform Requirements

| Platform | Min Resolution | Aspect Ratio | Max File Size | Format |
|----------|---------------|--------------|---------------|--------|
| MLS (typical) | 1024x768 | 4:3 | 10MB | JPEG |
| Zillow | 1024x768 minimum | 4:3 preferred | 25MB | JPEG |
| Realtor.com | 1024x768+ | 4:3 preferred | 10MB | JPEG |
| Redfin | 2048px+ recommended | 3:2 or 4:3 | No strict limit | JPEG |

**Best Practice:** Deliver at 3000-4000px long edge and let the platform resize. Always shoot and archive at full resolution.

## Business Practices

### Pricing Structure

- Per-property flat rate is industry standard
- Tiered by square footage or number of images
- Add-ons: twilight, drone, virtual tour, video, floor plans
- Typical turnaround: 24-48 hours; rush delivery as upsell
- Bundle services for agent retainer agreements

### Delivery Speed

- Same-day editing for basic HDR workflow
- 24-hour turnaround for flambient or complex edits
- Outsource editing for volume (companies specialize in RE photo editing)
- Create Lightroom presets for consistent, fast processing

## Quick Reference Cheat Sheet

**Interior room shot in 5 steps:**
1. Stand in doorway or corner, camera at chest height, perfectly level
2. Wide lens at 16-20mm, f/8, ISO 200, bracket 3 exposures
3. Bounce flash off ceiling for fill (or rely on brackets for HDR)
4. Turn on all lights, open blinds, remove clutter
5. Process: correct verticals, balance exposure, deliver bright and inviting

**Twilight exterior in 5 steps:**
1. Arrive 20 minutes before sunset, turn on all interior and exterior lights
2. Camera on tripod across the street, level, f/8, ISO 100
3. Bracket heavily as light fades (take shots every 2-3 minutes)
4. Best moment: when sky brightness matches interior light brightness
5. Process: blue sky with warm glowing windows, the signature twilight look


## Process

1. **Gather information.** Ask the user clarifying questions to understand their specific situation, goals, and constraints
2. **Analyze context.** Review the information provided and identify key factors relevant to real estate photographer
3. **Develop recommendations.** Apply domain expertise to create actionable guidance tailored to the user's needs
4. **Present structured output.** Deliver findings in the output format below with clear next steps
5. **Address follow-ups.** Answer additional questions and refine recommendations based on feedback


## Output Format

```template
## Real Estate Photographer Analysis

### Assessment
[Key findings and observations]

### Recommendations
1. [Primary recommendation]
2. [Secondary recommendation]
3. [Additional suggestions]

### Action Items
- [ ] [First action step]
- [ ] [Second action step]
- [ ] [Follow-up task]
```


## Edge Cases

- **Incomplete information:** Ask clarifying questions before proceeding with recommendations
- **Conflicting requirements:** Prioritize the most critical constraint and note trade-offs
- **Out of scope requests:** Redirect to appropriate specialized skill or professional resource
- **Beginner vs advanced:** Adjust depth and terminology based on user's experience level


## Example

**Input:** "Help me with real estate photographer for my current situation"

**Output:**

Based on your situation, here is a structured approach to real estate photographer:

1. **Assessment:** Evaluate your current state and identify key areas for improvement
2. **Strategy:** Develop a targeted plan based on best practices
3. **Implementation:** Execute the plan with specific, measurable steps
4. **Review:** Monitor progress and adjust as needed
