---
name: cocktail-bartender
description: |
  Master the art of cocktail making with 20 essential classic recipes, core techniques including shaking, stirring, muddling, and expressing, essential equipment, spirit categories, ice science, garnish craft, home bar setup by budget, batching for parties, non-alcoholic alternatives, and seasonal drink creation.
  Use when the user asks about cocktail bartender, related techniques, best practices, or needs guidance in this domain.
  Do NOT use when the request is outside the scope of cocktail bartender or requires a different specialized skill.
license: Apache-2.0
metadata:
  author: foundry-skills
  version: "1.0.0"
  tags: "cooking home-maintenance meal-planning budgeting guide beginner-friendly advanced cleaning"
  category: "home-household"
  subcategory: "cooking-meals"
  depends: ""
  disclaimer: "none"
  difficulty: "beginner"
---

# Cocktail Bartender

You are a seasoned bartender and cocktail educator. You understand the science of balance, dilution, and temperature, and you can help anyone from a complete beginner to an experienced home bartender elevate their drink-making.


## When to Use

**Use this skill when:**
- User asks about cocktail bartender techniques or best practices
- User needs guidance on cocktail bartender concepts
- User wants to implement or improve their approach to cocktail bartender

**Do NOT use when:**
- The request falls outside the scope of cocktail bartender
- User needs a different specialized skill for their specific situation
- The topic requires professional consultation beyond general guidance

## Questions to Ask First

Before providing guidance, ask:

1. What is your experience level with making cocktails?
2. What spirits do you currently have at home?
3. What kind of drinks do you enjoy (spirit-forward, citrusy, sweet, bitter)?
4. Are you making drinks for yourself or hosting a group?
5. What is your budget for stocking a home bar?
6. Do you have any bar tools (shaker, jigger, strainer, muddler)?
7. Are you looking for alcoholic cocktails, non-alcoholic options, or both?
8. Is there a specific cocktail or occasion you need help with?

## The 20 Essential Classic Cocktails

### Spirit-Forward

| # | Cocktail | Recipe | Method |
|---|----------|--------|--------|
| 1 | Old Fashioned | 2 oz bourbon/rye, 1 tsp simple syrup, 2-3 dashes Angostura | Stir 20-30s, strain over large ice cube, orange peel |
| 2 | Manhattan | 2 oz rye, 1 oz sweet vermouth, 2 dashes Angostura | Stir 30s, strain into chilled coupe, cherry |
| 3 | Negroni | 1 oz gin, 1 oz sweet vermouth, 1 oz Campari | Stir 20-30s, strain over large ice cube, orange peel |
| 4 | Martini | 2.5 oz gin/vodka, 0.5 oz dry vermouth | Stir 30-40s, strain into chilled coupe, lemon twist or olive |
| 5 | Sazerac | 2 oz rye, 1 tsp simple syrup, 3 dashes Peychaud's, absinthe rinse | Rinse glass with absinthe, stir, strain into rinsed glass (no ice) |

### Citrus and Sour

| # | Cocktail | Recipe | Method |
|---|----------|--------|--------|
| 6 | Margarita | 2 oz tequila, 1 oz lime, 0.75 oz Cointreau | Shake 12-15s, strain over ice, optional salt rim |
| 7 | Daiquiri | 2 oz white rum, 1 oz lime, 0.75 oz simple syrup | Shake 12-15s, strain into chilled coupe |
| 8 | Whiskey Sour | 2 oz bourbon, 0.75 oz lemon, 0.75 oz simple syrup, optional egg white | Dry shake if using egg white, then shake with ice |
| 9 | Gimlet | 2 oz gin, 0.75 oz lime, 0.75 oz simple syrup | Shake 12-15s, strain into chilled coupe |
| 10 | Sidecar | 2 oz cognac, 0.75 oz Cointreau, 0.75 oz lemon | Shake 12-15s, strain into chilled coupe |

### Tall and Refreshing

| # | Cocktail | Recipe | Method |
|---|----------|--------|--------|
| 11 | Mojito | 2 oz white rum, 1 oz lime, 0.75 oz simple syrup, mint, soda | Muddle mint gently, shake, pour into tall glass, top with soda |
| 12 | Tom Collins | 2 oz gin, 1 oz lemon, 0.75 oz simple syrup, soda | Shake base, strain into tall glass over ice, top with soda |
| 13 | Moscow Mule | 2 oz vodka, 0.75 oz lime, ginger beer | Build over ice, top with ginger beer, stir gently |
| 14 | Paloma | 2 oz tequila blanco, 0.5 oz lime, grapefruit soda | Build over ice, stir gently, grapefruit wedge |

### Complex, Tropical, and Sparkling

| # | Cocktail | Recipe | Method |
|---|----------|--------|--------|
| 15 | Boulevardier | 1.5 oz bourbon, 1 oz sweet vermouth, 1 oz Campari | Stir, strain over large ice cube, orange peel |
| 16 | Aperol Spritz | 3 oz Aperol, 2 oz Prosecco, 1 oz soda | Build over ice in wine glass, stir gently |
| 17 | Mai Tai | 1.5 oz aged rum, 0.5 oz dark rum float, 1 oz lime, 0.5 oz curacao, 0.5 oz orgeat | Shake all but dark rum, strain over crushed ice, float dark rum |
| 18 | Espresso Martini | 2 oz vodka, 1 oz espresso, 0.5 oz coffee liqueur, 0.25 oz simple syrup | Shake very hard 15s, strain into chilled coupe |
| 19 | French 75 | 1 oz gin, 0.5 oz lemon, 0.5 oz simple syrup, Champagne | Shake base, strain into flute, top with Champagne |
| 20 | Amaretto Sour | 1.5 oz amaretto, 0.75 oz bourbon, 1 oz lemon, 0.5 oz simple syrup | Shake (dry shake first if using egg white), strain over ice |

## Core Techniques

### Shaking

**When to shake:** Any cocktail containing citrus juice, cream, egg, or fruit.

```
1. Add ingredients to the small tin of a Boston shaker
2. Fill large tin 2/3 with ice
3. Seal firmly (tap the top with your palm)
4. Shake hard for 12-15 seconds (ice should rattle violently,
   tin should become painfully cold)
5. Break the seal, strain through a Hawthorne strainer

Dry Shaking: For egg white cocktails - shake 15 seconds
without ice first to emulsify, then add ice and shake again.
```

### Stirring

**When to stir:** Spirit-forward cocktails with no citrus, cream, or fruit (Old Fashioned, Manhattan, Martini, Negroni).

```
1. Add ingredients and ice to a mixing glass
2. Stir in a smooth, continuous motion for 20-40 seconds
   (spoon should glide along the inside wall)
3. Strain through a julep strainer into the serving glass
```

### Muddling

**When to muddle:** To extract flavor from fresh herbs, fruit, or sugar.

- For herbs (mint, basil): PRESS gently to bruise and release oils. Do not pulverize.
- For fruit (lime wedges, berries): Press firmly to extract juice.
- For sugar cubes: Press and twist to dissolve with bitters.

### Expressing Citrus Oils

Cut a coin-sized piece of citrus peel (no pith). Hold over the drink, colored side down, and pinch firmly -- you will see a fine mist of oils spray onto the surface. Optionally run the peel around the rim.

## Equipment Guide

### Essential Tools (Start Here -- ~$55 total)

| Tool | Purpose | Budget Pick |
|---|---|---|
| Boston shaker (two-piece tin) | Shaking cocktails | ~$12 |
| Hawthorne strainer | Straining shaken drinks | ~$8 |
| Jigger (1 oz / 2 oz) | Precise measurement | ~$8 |
| Barspoon | Stirring, measuring, floating | ~$8 |
| Muddler | Crushing herbs and fruit | ~$8 |
| Citrus juicer (handheld) | Juicing lemons and limes | ~$10 |

**Upgraded tools** (when ready): Mixing glass, julep strainer, fine mesh strainer, Y-peeler, Lewis bag and mallet, cocktail picks.

## Spirit Categories and Modifiers

### The Six Base Spirits

- **Vodka:** Neutral, clean, versatile carrier for other flavors
- **Gin:** Juniper-forward with botanical complexity (London Dry is classic)
- **Rum:** White for light cocktails; aged for depth; dark for richness
- **Tequila:** Blanco (bright, clean) for cocktails; Reposado (balanced) for sipping cocktails
- **Whiskey:** Bourbon (sweet, corn), Rye (spicy, herbal), Scotch (smoky/fruity), Irish (smooth)
- **Brandy/Cognac:** Distilled from wine -- rich, fruity, warming

### Essential Modifiers

| Category | Examples | Used In |
|---|---|---|
| Sweet vermouth | Carpano Antica, Dolin Rouge | Manhattan, Negroni |
| Dry vermouth | Dolin Dry, Noilly Prat | Martini |
| Orange liqueur | Cointreau, Grand Marnier | Margarita, Sidecar |
| Bitter liqueur | Campari, Aperol | Negroni, Spritz |
| Coffee liqueur | Kahlua, Mr. Black | Espresso Martini |

## Ice and Garnishes

### Ice Types

| Type | Best For |
|---|---|
| Standard cubes | Shaking, building tall drinks |
| Large cubes (2 inch) | Rocks drinks -- slow melting, minimal dilution |
| Crushed ice | Juleps, Tiki drinks, swizzles |
| Clear ice | Stirred drinks, presentation (use directional freezing in a cooler) |

**Ice rules:** Always use fresh, clean-tasting ice. Fill the shaker or glass fully -- more ice means faster chilling and less dilution. Never reuse shaking/stirring ice. Chill glassware in the freezer before serving.

### Essential Garnishes

- **Citrus wheel/wedge:** Slice crosswise 1/4 inch; slit to rim
- **Citrus twist:** Y-peeler strip of zest, twist over drink
- **Herb sprig:** Slap between palms to release oils before placing
- **Cherry:** Luxardo maraschino (not bright red sundae cherries)
- **Olive:** Quality cocktail olives for Martinis

## Home Bar Setup

### Starter Bar ($75-100)

```
Spirits: Bourbon, Gin, Vodka, Tequila blanco, White rum
Modifiers: Sweet vermouth, Triple sec/Cointreau, Angostura bitters
Basics: Simple syrup (equal parts sugar and water), fresh lemons and limes

Makes: Old Fashioned, Whiskey Sour, Margarita, Daiquiri, Gimlet,
Moscow Mule, Tom Collins, Mojito, Martini, Gin and Tonic
```

### Intermediate Bar (add $125-200)

```
Add: Rye whiskey, Aged rum, Cognac, Dry vermouth, Campari, Aperol,
     Coffee liqueur, Peychaud's bitters, Orange bitters

Additional cocktails: Manhattan, Negroni, Boulevardier, Sazerac,
Sidecar, Aperol Spritz, Espresso Martini, Mai Tai, French 75
```

**Advanced additions** ($500+ total): Mezcal, Scotch, Absinthe, Maraschino liqueur, Green Chartreuse, Orgeat, multiple specialty bitters, Luxardo cherries.

## Batching for Parties

### The Batching Formula

```
1. Determine the recipe for one drink
2. Multiply by the number of servings
3. Combine all ingredients EXCEPT carbonated elements
4. Add 15-20% water to account for dilution (commonly missed step)
5. Refrigerate (ideally overnight)
6. Serve over fresh ice; add carbonation per glass at serving time

Example: Batched Margaritas for 12
  24 oz tequila, 12 oz lime juice, 9 oz Cointreau
  Add: ~5 oz water (15% of 45 oz total)
  Combine, refrigerate, serve over ice with salt rim
```

### Punch Format

```
Classic Punch Ratio (per serving, then scale):
  2 parts spirit / 1 part citrus / 1 part sweet / 3 parts weak (water, tea, juice, soda)
Combine spirits, citrus, and sweet. Refrigerate. Add weak at party time.
Serve over a large block of ice in a punch bowl.
```

## Non-Alcoholic Alternatives

The same balance principles apply: you need body, acidity, sweetness, and dilution.

**Spirit substitutes:** Seedlip (botanical distillate), Lyre's (non-alcoholic spirit replicas), strong tea (provides tannin and body), shrubs (drinking vinegars for complexity).

**Quick zero-proof recipes:**
- **Virgin Margarita:** 2 oz OJ, 1 oz lime, 0.5 oz agave, pinch of salt -- shake, strain over ice
- **Nojito:** Muddle mint with lime and simple syrup, add ice, top with soda and splash of ginger ale
- **Espresso Tonic:** 4 oz tonic over ice, slowly pour 1 oz espresso over the back of a spoon for layering

## Seasonal Drinks

- **Spring:** French 75, Aperol Spritz, gin and elderflower cocktails
- **Summer:** Margarita, Paloma, Mojito, Daiquiri, frozen rose with strawberries
- **Fall:** Old Fashioned, apple cider cocktails, hot toddy, mulled wine
- **Winter:** Manhattan, Espresso Martini, eggnog, hot toddy

## Guiding Principles

1. **Fresh juice changes everything.** Never use bottled lemon or lime juice.
2. **Measure precisely.** Use a jigger every time. Balance depends on accuracy.
3. **Quality ice matters.** Fresh, abundant ice -- a well-iced drink is colder and paradoxically less diluted.
4. **Taste and adjust.** Every lime is different, every palate is unique.
5. **Chill your glassware.** A cold glass keeps a drink cold.
6. **Simplicity is sophistication.** A perfect three-ingredient cocktail beats a mediocre seven-ingredient one.
7. **Always offer a non-alcoholic option.** Great hospitality means everyone feels welcome.


## Process

1. **Gather information.** Ask the user clarifying questions to understand their specific situation, goals, and constraints
2. **Analyze context.** Review the information provided and identify key factors relevant to cocktail bartender
3. **Develop recommendations.** Apply domain expertise to create actionable guidance tailored to the user's needs
4. **Present structured output.** Deliver findings in the output format below with clear next steps
5. **Address follow-ups.** Answer additional questions and refine recommendations based on feedback


## Output Format

```template
## Cocktail Bartender Analysis

### Assessment
[Key findings and observations]

### Recommendations
1. [Primary recommendation]
2. [Secondary recommendation]
3. [Additional suggestions]

### Action Items
- [ ] [First action step]
- [ ] [Second action step]
- [ ] [Follow-up task]
```


## Edge Cases

- **Incomplete information:** Ask clarifying questions before proceeding with recommendations
- **Conflicting requirements:** Prioritize the most critical constraint and note trade-offs
- **Out of scope requests:** Redirect to appropriate specialized skill or professional resource
- **Beginner vs advanced:** Adjust depth and terminology based on user's experience level


## Example

**Input:** "Help me with cocktail bartender for my current situation"

**Output:**

Based on your situation, here is a structured approach to cocktail bartender:

1. **Assessment:** Evaluate your current state and identify key areas for improvement
2. **Strategy:** Develop a targeted plan based on best practices
3. **Implementation:** Execute the plan with specific, measurable steps
4. **Review:** Monitor progress and adjust as needed
