---
name: community-organizer
description: |
  Guide to community organizing including issue identification, coalition building, mobilization strategies, meeting facilitation, advocacy campaigns, media engagement, and power mapping. Use when the user asks about community organizer or needs help with related topics. Do NOT use for unrelated domains or when a more specialized skill exists.
license: Apache-2.0
metadata:
  author: foundry-skills
  version: "1.0.0"
  tags: "strategy planning guide"
  category: "business-strategy"
  subcategory: "strategy-planning"
  depends: ""
  disclaimer: "none"
  difficulty: "intermediate"
---

# Community Organizer

## When to Use

**Use this skill when:**
- The user wants to organize a community around a shared cause, issue, or advocacy campaign
- The user needs help with coalition building, mobilization strategies, or power mapping
- The user wants guidance on meeting facilitation, media engagement, or volunteer coordination for advocacy
- The user is planning a grassroots campaign and needs outreach and organizing frameworks

**Do NOT use this skill when:**
- The user wants to manage volunteers for an existing organization (use volunteer-coordinator instead)
- The user needs nonprofit formation or governance guidance (use nonprofit-starter or board-governance instead)
- The user is building an online community or membership program (use membership-manager instead)

## Process

1. **Gather requirements.** Ask the user clarifying questions about their specific context, goals, constraints, and experience level.

2. **Analyze the situation.** Review the information provided and identify key factors, challenges, and opportunities relevant to community organizer.

3. **Develop the framework.** Create a structured approach tailored to the user's needs, incorporating best practices and domain-specific considerations.

4. **Deliver actionable output.** Present specific, implementable recommendations with clear rationale, timelines, and success criteria.

5. **Address edge cases.** Proactively identify potential issues, alternative approaches, and contingency plans.

**Use this skill when:**
- User needs guidance on community organizer
- User asks about community organizer best practices or techniques
- User wants a structured approach to community organizer

**Do NOT use this skill when:**
- A more specialized skill exists for the specific subtopic
- The request is outside the scope of community organizer

## Questions to Ask First

Before developing an organizing strategy:

1. What issue or change are you organizing around?
2. Who is most affected by this issue? Are they involved in the effort?
3. What is the current power structure around this issue? Who makes decisions?
4. Do you have a core group of committed people, or are you starting alone?
5. What is your timeline? (Urgent response / Long-term change campaign)
6. What organizing experience do you have? (First effort / Some activism / Trained organizer)
7. Are there existing organizations working on this issue you could join or partner with?
8. What resources do you have? (Budget, meeting space, communication tools)
9. What is the geographic scope? (Neighborhood, city, county, state)
10. Have you or others tried to address this issue before? What happened?

## Issue Identification and Framing

### Choosing Your Issue
Strong organizing issues share these characteristics:
- **Widely felt**: Affects many people in the community
- **Deeply felt**: People are angry, frustrated, or passionate about it
- **Winnable**: A realistic path to victory exists (start with achievable goals)
- **Builds power**: Win or lose, the campaign strengthens your organization
- **Has a clear target**: A specific person or body that can make the change
- **Educational**: People learn about systemic issues through the campaign

### Issue vs Problem
- **Problem**: Broad condition (poverty, pollution, injustice)
- **Issue**: Specific, actionable piece of the problem with a solution and decision-maker
- Example: "Poverty" is a problem. "The city must fund 200 units of affordable housing in the 2027 budget" is an issue.

### Framing Your Issue
1. **Define the problem clearly**: What is happening? Who is affected? What are the consequences?
2. **Identify the solution**: What specific change will address this?
3. **Name the decision-maker**: Who has the authority to make this change?
4. **Make the ask**: Specific, measurable demand
5. **Tell the story**: Why does this matter? Use personal stories and data together

### Power Analysis
Ask: Who benefits from the current situation? Who loses? Where does power currently sit?

**Power Mapping Exercise**:
1. Draw a horizontal line from "Strongly Oppose" to "Strongly Support"
2. Place key individuals and organizations on the spectrum
3. For each, note: Their level of influence (high/medium/low), their motivation, who influences them
4. Strategy: Move people one step toward your position, not from enemy to ally in one leap

## Coalition Building

### Types of Coalitions
- **Action coalition**: Short-term, focused on a specific campaign goal
- **Standing coalition**: Ongoing alliance around a broad issue area
- **Network**: Loose connection for information sharing and occasional joint action

### Building an Effective Coalition
1. **Identify potential partners**: Organizations with overlapping interests
2. **Start with relationships**: Meet 1-on-1 with leaders of potential partner organizations
3. **Find common ground**: Shared values and overlapping self-interest
4. **Define the collaboration**: What will each partner contribute and receive?
5. **Agree on decision-making**: Consensus, majority vote, lead organization model?
6. **Create shared messaging**: Unified talking points while respecting different perspectives
7. **Plan for disagreement**: How will you handle internal conflicts?

### Coalition Meeting Structure
- Rotating facilitation builds shared ownership
- Clear agenda distributed in advance
- Decision log maintained from meeting to meeting
- Action items with specific names and deadlines
- Regular check-ins on organizational capacity and commitment

### Common Coalition Challenges
- Unequal power among member organizations
- Credit-taking and visibility disputes
- Different organizational cultures and speeds
- Scope creep beyond the original agreement
- Burnout of coalition coordinator
- Sustaining engagement between peak moments

## Mobilization Strategies

### One-on-One Conversations (The Foundation)
The 1-on-1 relational meeting is the core tool of community organizing:
1. Schedule a focused 30-45 minute conversation
2. Listen more than talk (80/20 rule)
3. Learn what the person cares about and why
4. Discover their self-interest (not selfishness - what drives them)
5. Share your own story and motivation
6. Identify if there is a connection between their concerns and your issue
7. Make a specific ask: Attend a meeting, sign a petition, join an action
8. Follow up within 48 hours

### Escalation Ladder
Organizing campaigns typically escalate through these stages:
1. **Research and relationship building** - Understand the issue, build your base
2. **Direct communication** - Letter or meeting request to decision-maker
3. **Public attention** - Media coverage, social media campaign
4. **Visible action** - Rally, march, public hearing testimony
5. **Direct action** - Sit-ins, boycotts, civil disobedience (if previous steps fail)
6. **Electoral/legal action** - Ballot measures, lawsuits, candidate campaigns

**Key principle**: Do not escalate beyond what your base supports, and do not start at the top of the ladder.

### Turnout for Actions
- Personal asks are 10x more effective than mass communications
- Confirmed commitments with follow-up calls/texts the day before
- Transportation and childcare remove barriers to participation
- Set a specific turnout goal and track commitments
- Overcommit by 50% (if you need 100 people, get 150 commitments)
- Make the first experience positive so people return

## Meeting Facilitation

### Planning an Effective Meeting
1. **Purpose**: What is this meeting trying to accomplish? (Never meet just to meet)
2. **Agenda**: Written, timed, distributed in advance
3. **Who needs to be there**: Right people for the decisions being made
4. **Logistics**: Accessible location, interpretation if needed, childcare, food

### Facilitation Techniques
- **Ground rules**: Agree on norms at the start (one speaker, no phones, step up/step back)
- **Go-round**: Everyone speaks in turn on a question (prevents dominant voices)
- **Pair/small group**: Break into pairs or groups of 3-4 for deeper discussion
- **Stack**: Keep a speaker list so everyone who wants to speak gets a turn
- **Parking lot**: Capture off-topic items for later without derailing discussion
- **Temperature check**: Quick gauge of group sentiment (thumbs up/down/sideways)

### Making Decisions
- **Consensus**: Everyone can live with the decision (not the same as unanimity)
- **Modified consensus**: Seek consensus, fall back to supermajority (75%) vote
- **Majority vote**: Simple majority, efficient but can leave minority feeling unheard
- **Consent-based**: No one has a principled objection (different from full agreement)

### Handling Conflict in Meetings
- Acknowledge the disagreement openly
- Restate each perspective to ensure understanding
- Look for underlying shared values
- Separate the person from the position
- Take a break if emotions are high
- Table the item if resolution is not possible in this meeting

## Advocacy Campaigns

### Campaign Planning Framework

**Step 1: Set the Goal**
- Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound
- "Pass City Council Resolution 2027-15 creating a civilian police review board by June 2027"

**Step 2: Identify the Target**
- Primary target: The decision-maker who can give you what you want
- Secondary targets: People who influence the primary target

**Step 3: Assess Your Power**
- Number of organized people
- Key relationships and allies
- Media access
- Voting power (in electoral context)
- Moral authority
- Financial resources

**Step 4: Develop Strategy and Tactics**
- Strategy: Overall approach to winning (inside game, outside pressure, both)
- Tactics: Specific actions (petition, rally, lobby day, social media campaign)
- Timeline: Milestones and deadlines

**Step 5: Tell Your Story**
- Personal stories of impact
- Data and evidence
- Clear framing of problem and solution
- Media-ready spokespeople

**Step 6: Execute and Adapt**
- Launch campaign publicly
- Monitor target's response
- Escalate or de-escalate as needed
- Celebrate interim victories
- Keep the base informed and engaged

### Lobbying Basics (For Nonprofits)
- 501(c)(3) organizations CAN lobby, within limits
- **Direct lobbying**: Communicating with legislators about specific legislation
- **Grassroots lobbying**: Encouraging the public to contact legislators
- Track lobbying expenses; most small nonprofits stay well within limits
- H election under IRS code provides clear spending thresholds (recommended)

## Media Engagement

### Earned Media Strategy
- **Press release**: Written announcement of newsworthy event or position
- **Media advisory**: Alert to upcoming event that press should cover
- **Op-ed**: 600-800 word opinion piece submitted to local newspaper
- **Letter to the editor**: 200-300 word response to recent article or issue
- **Press conference**: Staged event with speakers, visuals, and Q&A
- **Social media**: Amplify your message and pressure targets publicly

### Building a Media List
- Local newspaper reporters covering your issue area
- TV news assignment desks and reporters
- Radio stations (news and talk)
- Online-only news outlets and blogs
- Community newspapers and ethnic media
- Podcasters covering related topics

### Talking to Reporters
- Prepare 3 key messages before any interview
- Bridge technique: Acknowledge question, then pivot to your message
- Speak in sound bites (10-15 second quotable statements)
- Have a compelling personal story ready
- Never say "no comment" - redirect instead
- Follow up with written materials and contacts

### Social Media for Campaigns
- Create a campaign hashtag
- Share personal stories with faces and names (with permission)
- Tag decision-makers directly
- Create shareable graphics with clear messaging
- Live-stream events and actions
- Encourage supporters to share and amplify
- Respond to opposition calmly and factually

## Volunteer Management

### Recruiting Volunteers
- Ask specifically: "Will you come to the rally on Saturday at 10am?" not "Would you like to help sometime?"
- Use 1-on-1 conversations to match people with roles
- Create a volunteer interest form with skills and availability
- Make the first volunteer experience easy and rewarding

### Developing Leaders
- Organizing is about building leaders, not just winning campaigns
- Identify emerging leaders and give them increasing responsibility
- Provide training: Public speaking, facilitation, media, research
- Debrief after every action: What worked? What didn't? What did you learn?
- Leadership development pipeline: Participant > Volunteer > Team leader > Campaign leader

### Preventing Burnout
- Share responsibility broadly (no single point of failure)
- Celebrate wins, even small ones
- Create space for community and joy, not just work
- Respect boundaries around time and capacity
- Check in on people personally, not just about tasks
- Recognize that rest is a strategic necessity, not a luxury

## Safety Considerations

- Assess risk for all participants, especially those from marginalized communities
- Know your rights regarding protest, assembly, and free speech in your jurisdiction
- Legal observer training for public actions
- Have a bail fund or legal support contact before any action with arrest risk
- Digital security: Encrypted communications for sensitive planning
- De-escalation training for members who may face confrontation
- Safety plan for targets of harassment or retaliation
- Never pressure anyone to take risks they are not comfortable with

## Progression Path

1. **Phase 1**: Conduct 20+ 1-on-1 conversations, identify your issue, find your core team
2. **Phase 2**: Host first community meeting, map power, define campaign goal
3. **Phase 3**: Launch public campaign, build coalition, engage media
4. **Phase 4**: Execute escalation strategy, negotiate with targets, win or learn
5. **Phase 5**: Develop new leaders, take on broader issues, build organizational infrastructure
6. **Phase 6**: Mentor new organizers, connect to regional/national movements, sustain long-term power

## Resources

- **Books**: "Rules for Radicals" by Saul Alinsky (foundational organizing text)
- **Books**: "Doing Democracy" by Bill Moyer (Movement Action Plan)
- **Books**: "Building Powerful Community Organizations" by Michael Jacoby Brown
- **Training programs**: Industrial Areas Foundation, Gamaliel Foundation, Midwest Academy, Highlander Center
- **Online**: Beautiful Trouble (beautifultrouble.org) - Tactics and principles database
- **Tools**: Action Network (email, petitions, events), Signal (secure messaging)


## Output Format

Deliver the response as a structured document with clear headings and actionable content. Use tables for comparisons, numbered lists for sequential steps, and bullet points for options. Include specific examples where applicable.

```
[Community Organizer deliverable]
1. Context and objectives
2. Analysis or framework
3. Specific recommendations with rationale
4. Action items with timeline
```


## Example

**Input:** "Help me with community organizer for a mid-size project."

**Output:** A complete community organizer framework tailored to the specific context, with actionable steps, relevant considerations, and measurable outcomes.


## Edge Cases

- **Incomplete information:** Ask clarifying questions before proceeding rather than making assumptions
- **Conflicting requirements:** Identify trade-offs explicitly and present options with pros and cons
- **Scale mismatch:** Adapt recommendations to match the user's context (individual vs. team vs. organization)
- **Domain crossover:** When the request overlaps with other skill domains, address what falls within scope and reference specialized skills for the rest
