# Construction Specifications

## Specification Formats

### MasterFormat (CSI)
| Division | Title |
|----------|-------|
| 00 | Procurement and Contracting |
| 01 | General Requirements |
| 02 | Existing Conditions |
| 03 | Concrete |
| 04 | Masonry |
| 05 | Metals |
| 06 | Wood, Plastics, Composites |
| 07 | Thermal and Moisture Protection |
| 08 | Openings |
| 09 | Finishes |
| 10 | Specialties |
| 11 | Equipment |
| 12 | Furnishings |
| 13 | Special Construction |
| 14 | Conveying Equipment |
| 21 | Fire Suppression |
| 22 | Plumbing |
| 23 | HVAC |
| 26 | Electrical |
| 27 | Communications |
| 28 | Electronic Safety and Security |
| 31 | Earthwork |
| 32 | Exterior Improvements |
| 33 | Utilities |

### Three-Part Section Format
| Part | Content |
|------|---------|
| Part 1 - General | Admin, references, submittals |
| Part 2 - Products | Materials, manufacturers |
| Part 3 - Execution | Installation, quality control |

---

## Division 01 - General Requirements

### Common Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 01 10 00 | Summary |
| 01 20 00 | Price and Payment |
| 01 30 00 | Administrative |
| 01 40 00 | Quality Requirements |
| 01 50 00 | Temporary Facilities |
| 01 60 00 | Product Requirements |
| 01 70 00 | Execution and Closeout |
| 01 78 00 | Closeout Submittals |

### Submittal Types
| Type | Purpose |
|------|---------|
| Shop drawings | Fabrication details |
| Product data | Manufacturer literature |
| Samples | Physical samples |
| Certificates | Compliance documentation |
| Test reports | Performance verification |
| LEED documentation | Sustainability compliance |

---

## Division 03 - Concrete

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 03 11 00 | Concrete Forming |
| 03 20 00 | Concrete Reinforcing |
| 03 30 00 | Cast-in-Place Concrete |
| 03 35 00 | Concrete Finishing |
| 03 40 00 | Precast Concrete |
| 03 60 00 | Grouting |

### Concrete Specifications
| Parameter | Typical Requirements |
|-----------|---------------------|
| f'c (28-day) | 3,000-5,000 psi |
| Slump | 4"-6" |
| Air content | 5-7% (exterior) |
| Max w/c ratio | 0.45-0.50 |
| Curing | 7 days minimum |

### Reinforcing Standards
| Item | Reference |
|------|-----------|
| Rebar | ASTM A615, Grade 60 |
| WWR | ASTM A1064 |
| Epoxy-coated | ASTM A775 |
| Coverage | ACI 318 |

---

## Division 04 - Masonry

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 04 20 00 | Unit Masonry |
| 04 21 00 | Clay Masonry |
| 04 22 00 | Concrete Masonry |
| 04 40 00 | Stone Assemblies |
| 04 70 00 | Manufactured Stone |

### CMU Specifications
| Property | Requirement |
|----------|-------------|
| Type | ASTM C90 |
| Grade | N (normal) |
| Weight | Normal or lightweight |
| f'm | 1,500-2,000 psi |
| Mortar | Type S or N |

### Brick Specifications
| Property | Requirement |
|----------|-------------|
| Type | ASTM C216 |
| Grade | SW (severe weather) |
| Size | Standard (7-5/8"×2-1/4"×3-5/8") |
| Mortar | Type S |

---

## Division 05 - Metals

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 05 12 00 | Structural Steel Framing |
| 05 21 00 | Steel Joist Framing |
| 05 31 00 | Steel Decking |
| 05 40 00 | Cold-Formed Metal Framing |
| 05 50 00 | Metal Fabrications |
| 05 51 00 | Metal Stairs |
| 05 52 00 | Metal Railings |

### Steel Specifications
| Item | Standard |
|------|----------|
| Wide flange | ASTM A992, Fy=50 ksi |
| HSS | ASTM A500, Grade C |
| Angles/plates | ASTM A36 |
| Bolts | ASTM A325 or A490 |
| Welds | AWS D1.1 |

### Metal Decking
| Type | Use |
|------|-----|
| Roof deck | 1.5" or 3" type B or F |
| Floor deck | 2" or 3" composite |
| Form deck | Non-composite |

---

## Division 06 - Wood

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 06 10 00 | Rough Carpentry |
| 06 16 00 | Sheathing |
| 06 17 00 | Shop-Fabricated Wood |
| 06 20 00 | Finish Carpentry |
| 06 40 00 | Architectural Woodwork |

### Lumber Grades
| Use | Grade |
|-----|-------|
| Studs | Stud grade or better |
| Joists | #2 or better |
| Rafters | #2 or better |
| Headers | #1 or better |
| Finish | Select or better |

### Sheathing Types
| Type | Thickness |
|------|-----------|
| Wall sheathing | 7/16" or 1/2" OSB |
| Roof sheathing | 7/16" or 1/2" OSB |
| Subfloor | 3/4" T&G plywood/OSB |

---

## Division 07 - Thermal/Moisture

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 07 11 00 | Dampproofing |
| 07 14 00 | Fluid-Applied Waterproofing |
| 07 21 00 | Thermal Insulation |
| 07 25 00 | Weather Barriers |
| 07 26 00 | Vapor Retarders |
| 07 31 00 | Shingles |
| 07 41 00 | Metal Roof Panels |
| 07 52 00 | Modified Bitumen Membrane |
| 07 54 00 | TPO Membrane |
| 07 60 00 | Flashing and Sheet Metal |
| 07 92 00 | Joint Sealants |

### Insulation R-Values
| Location | Typical R-Value |
|----------|-----------------|
| Walls | R-13 to R-21 |
| Ceiling | R-30 to R-49 |
| Floor | R-19 to R-30 |
| Foundation | R-5 to R-15 |

### Roofing Specifications
| System | Warranty |
|--------|----------|
| Built-up | 10-20 years |
| Modified bitumen | 10-20 years |
| TPO/PVC | 15-30 years |
| EPDM | 15-20 years |
| Metal | 20-50 years |
| Shingles | 25-50 years |

---

## Division 08 - Openings

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 08 11 00 | Metal Doors and Frames |
| 08 14 00 | Wood Doors |
| 08 31 00 | Access Doors |
| 08 41 00 | Entrances and Storefronts |
| 08 44 00 | Curtain Wall |
| 08 50 00 | Windows |
| 08 71 00 | Door Hardware |
| 08 80 00 | Glazing |

### Door Types
| Type | Standard |
|------|----------|
| Hollow metal | SDI-100 |
| Wood | AWI/WDMA |
| FRP | ANSI/BHMA |
| Aluminum | AAMA |

### Hardware Standards
| Item | Reference |
|------|-----------|
| Hinges | BHMA A156.1 |
| Locksets | BHMA A156.2 |
| Closers | BHMA A156.4 |
| Exit devices | BHMA A156.3 |

---

## Division 09 - Finishes

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 09 21 00 | Plaster |
| 09 22 00 | Portland Cement Plaster |
| 09 29 00 | Gypsum Board |
| 09 30 00 | Tiling |
| 09 51 00 | Acoustical Ceilings |
| 09 64 00 | Wood Flooring |
| 09 65 00 | Resilient Flooring |
| 09 68 00 | Carpeting |
| 09 91 00 | Painting |

### Gypsum Board Types
| Type | Use |
|------|-----|
| Regular | Standard walls/ceilings |
| Type X | Fire-rated assemblies |
| Moisture-resistant | Wet areas (not showers) |
| Abuse-resistant | High-traffic areas |
| Glass mat | Exterior sheathing |

### Ceiling Types
| Type | NRC | CAC |
|------|-----|-----|
| Standard ACT | 0.55 | 35 |
| High NRC | 0.70+ | 35 |
| High CAC | 0.55 | 40+ |

### Flooring Standards
| Type | Standard |
|------|----------|
| Ceramic tile | ANSI A137.1 |
| Natural stone | ASTM C503/C568 |
| Resilient | ASTM F1303 |
| Carpet | CRI 104/105 |

---

## Division 10 - Specialties

### Key Sections
| Section | Content |
|---------|---------|
| 10 14 00 | Signage |
| 10 21 00 | Toilet Compartments |
| 10 28 00 | Toilet Accessories |
| 10 44 00 | Fire Protection Specialties |
| 10 51 00 | Lockers |
| 10 55 00 | Postal Specialties |

### Toilet Partition Types
| Material | Durability |
|----------|------------|
| Powder-coated steel | Standard |
| Solid plastic (HDPE) | High |
| Phenolic | Very high |
| Stainless steel | Very high |

---

## Performance Specifications

### Performance vs. Prescriptive
| Type | Description |
|------|-------------|
| Prescriptive | Specific products/methods |
| Performance | Required outcomes |
| Hybrid | Performance with examples |

### Performance Criteria Examples
| Assembly | Criterion |
|----------|-----------|
| Window | U-0.30, SHGC-0.25 |
| Wall | STC-50 |
| Floor | IIC-50 |
| Door | 20-minute fire rating |

---

## Submittal Requirements

### Standard Submittals
| Type | When |
|------|------|
| Product data | Prior to fabrication |
| Shop drawings | Prior to fabrication |
| Samples | Prior to installation |
| Certificates | At closeout |

### Submittal Review
| Action | Meaning |
|--------|---------|
| Approved | Proceed |
| Approved as noted | Incorporate notes |
| Revise and resubmit | Correct and return |
| Rejected | Do not proceed |

---

## Quality Control

### Testing Requirements
| Test | Frequency |
|------|-----------|
| Concrete cylinders | Per ACI 301 |
| Steel inspection | Per AWS D1.1 |
| Roofing | Per manufacturer |
| Air barrier | ASTM E779 |

### Inspection Points
| Phase | Inspections |
|-------|-------------|
| Foundation | Footing, slab, waterproofing |
| Structure | Steel, concrete, framing |
| Envelope | Air barrier, flashing, roofing |
| Interior | Framing, MEP rough-in |
| Final | Finishes, systems testing |

---

## Warranty Requirements

### Standard Warranties
| Item | Typical Period |
|------|----------------|
| Roofing | 20 years |
| Windows | 10 years |
| Doors | 1-5 years |
| Finishes | 1 year |
| MEP equipment | 1 year |
| Construction | 1 year overall |

### Special Warranties
| Item | Period |
|------|--------|
| Structural | 10 years |
| Waterproofing | 10-15 years |
| Exterior wall | 5-10 years |
| Major equipment | 2-5 years |
