---
title: "The Ultimate AI Voice Agent Glossary: 100 Terms Explained"
slug: "ultimate-ai-voice-agent-glossary"
date: "2027-02-22"
author: "Rahul Agarwal"
category: "AI Voice Agent Education"
tags: ["ai voice agent glossary", "ai voice terms", "conversational ai dictionary", "ai voice agent definitions"]
metaTitle: "AI Voice Agent Glossary: 100 Terms Defined (2026) | QuickVoice"
metaDescription: "The complete glossary of AI voice agent terms — 100 definitions covering LLMs, STT, TTS, latency, compliance, integrations, and business metrics. Plain-English explanations."
canonical: "https://quickvoice.co/blog/ultimate-ai-voice-agent-glossary"
ogImage: "/blog/images/ai-voice-glossary-og.png"
readTime: "15 min"
---

# The Ultimate AI Voice Agent Glossary: 100 Terms Explained

Whether you're evaluating AI voice platforms, configuring your first agent, or trying to understand vendor specifications, this glossary covers 100 key terms in plain English.

---

## A

**A/B Testing (Voice)**
Running two versions of an AI agent script or persona simultaneously to compare performance metrics (CSAT, completion rate, FCR) and identify which version performs better. Standard practice for optimizing AI voice deployments over time.

**Agent (AI)**
A software system that perceives its environment, makes decisions, and takes actions to achieve a defined goal. In AI voice, an agent is the AI system that conducts the phone call — perceiving speech, making conversational decisions, and taking actions (booking, looking up information, escalating).

**AHT (Average Handle Time)**
The average duration of an AI or human-handled call, from first utterance to call end. AI AHT is typically 30–50% lower than human AHT for equivalent call types, because AI doesn't fumble with systems or engage in off-topic conversation.

**Ambient AI**
AI that operates in the background of everyday environments (home, car, office) rather than requiring deliberate invocation. Emerging in 2026–2027; represents an expansion of AI voice beyond the phone call paradigm.

**API (Application Programming Interface)**
A set of protocols allowing two software systems to communicate. In AI voice, APIs are used to connect the voice platform to external systems (CRM, calendars, order management) so the AI can read and write data in real time during calls.

**ASR (Automatic Speech Recognition)**
The technology that converts spoken audio into text. Sometimes used interchangeably with STT (Speech-to-Text). Deepgram is currently the leading ASR/STT provider for telephony environments.

**Augmented Agent**
A human customer service agent whose performance is enhanced by AI tools — real-time knowledge assistance, compliance prompts, call summaries — rather than replaced by AI.

---

## B

**BANT Qualification**
A lead qualification framework: Budget, Authority, Need, Timeline. AI voice agents can be configured to collect all four BANT elements systematically in every qualifying call, ensuring consistent qualification data in the CRM.

**BAA (Business Associate Agreement)**
A HIPAA-required legal agreement between a healthcare organization and any vendor that handles Protected Health Information (PHI). An AI voice platform that processes healthcare calls involving PHI must sign a BAA. Required for legal deployment in healthcare.

**Bidirectional Integration**
An integration where data flows both from the AI platform to the connected system AND from the connected system to the AI platform. For example: QuickVoice reads available calendar slots from Google Calendar AND writes new bookings back to Google Calendar. Essential for transactional AI deployments.

**Boost Words**
Custom vocabulary additions to an STT (speech recognition) system — domain-specific terms, product names, or unusual words that the base model might misrecognize. Configured in Deepgram and other STT providers to improve recognition accuracy for specialized vocabularies (medical terms, proprietary product names, unusual surnames).

---

## C

**Cadence (Calling Cadence)**
The pattern of contact attempts for outbound AI calling campaigns — including timing, frequency, channels (voice + SMS), and retry logic. Example: Day 1 voice call → if no answer, Day 3 voice call + SMS → if no answer, Day 7 final voice call.

**CSAT (Customer Satisfaction Score)**
A metric measuring customer satisfaction with an interaction, typically collected via post-call survey (1–5 scale). Industry benchmark for AI voice agents: 4.0–4.4/5.0 for resolved interactions.

**Cease Communication**
A legal right under the FDCPA allowing a consumer to request that a debt collector stop contacting them. AI voice systems for collections must process cease communication requests immediately and add the contact to a suppression list. QuickVoice handles this automatically.

**Claude**
Anthropic's large language model, one of the leading LLMs used as the AI brain for voice agent systems. QuickVoice supports Claude alongside GPT-4 and Gemini as configurable LLM backends.

**Completion Rate**
The percentage of AI-handled calls resolved by AI without human escalation. Strong benchmark: 80%+ for well-configured agents on in-scope call types.

**Concurrent Calls**
The number of AI phone calls that can be active simultaneously. Unlike human agents (one call at a time), AI voice platforms support unlimited or high-capacity concurrent calls — enabling outbound campaigns to reach thousands of contacts simultaneously.

**Confidence Score**
A numerical measure (0–1) indicating how confident the AI is in its interpretation of a caller's intent. Low confidence scores often trigger clarification requests or escalation. Used internally by LLMs to determine response certainty.

**Context Window**
The amount of conversation history an LLM can consider when generating a response. Larger context windows allow AI to remember more of the conversation history within a single call. Most modern LLMs have context windows sufficient for entire phone calls.

**Conversation Flow**
The designed structure of an AI voice interaction — the sequence of questions, responses, and decision points that guide a call from opening to close. Built in the QuickVoice flow editor.

**Conversational AI**
AI systems designed to conduct natural language interactions with humans — understanding intent, maintaining context, and responding appropriately. Broader category that includes both voice agents and chatbots.

---

## D

**Data Residency**
The requirement that customer data be stored and processed within a specific geographic region. Healthcare and government organizations often require US-only data residency; EU customers typically require EU data residency under GDPR. QuickVoice offers US and EU data residency options.

**Deepgram**
A leading speech-to-text (STT) provider known for low latency and high accuracy in telephony environments. Industry-standard for production AI voice deployments. Word error rate in telephony: 4.2% (clean audio), 7.8% (noisy).

**Dialogue Management**
The component of a conversational AI system that tracks conversation state, manages turn-taking, and decides what to say next. In modern LLM-based systems, dialogue management is largely handled by the LLM itself rather than rule-based systems.

**Disposition**
The outcome categorization assigned to a completed call. For lead qualification: Hot, Warm, Nurture, Disqualified. For collections: Promise to Pay, Dispute, Callback Requested, No Contact. Dispositions are logged to the CRM and used for downstream routing and follow-up.

**DNC (Do Not Call)**
The National Do Not Call Registry (US) and equivalent lists that prohibit unsolicited outbound calls to registered numbers. AI calling platforms must scrub outbound lists against DNC before initiating calls. QuickVoice performs automatic DNC scrubbing.

---

## E

**Edge AI**
Moving AI inference computation closer to the physical location of the interaction (rather than in centralized data centers), reducing round-trip latency. Emerging trend in 2026–2027 expected to reduce AI voice latency to sub-300ms.

**ElevenLabs**
The leading text-to-speech (TTS) provider for AI voice applications, known for the most natural-sounding voices available. The industry standard for high-quality AI voice output. QuickVoice uses ElevenLabs as its default TTS provider.

**Embedding**
A numerical representation of text or audio in a high-dimensional space, used by AI models to understand meaning and context. In voice cloning, speaker embeddings capture the characteristics of a specific voice.

**Emotional Detection**
The ability of an AI system to identify emotional states (frustration, anxiety, excitement) from voice characteristics (tone, pace, volume). Used to trigger empathetic responses or escalation when strong negative emotions are detected.

**End-to-End Latency**
The total time from when a caller finishes speaking to when the AI begins responding. Includes: STT processing time + LLM inference time + TTS generation time. Industry benchmark for top platforms: 450–700ms.

**Escalation**
The process of routing a call from AI to a human agent when the call type requires human judgment, the caller requests a human, or an escalation trigger fires. Effective escalation includes context handoff to the human agent.

---

## F

**FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act)**
US federal law governing debt collection practices, including: time-of-day restrictions, required disclosures (mini-Miranda), cease communication rights, dispute handling, and prohibited practices. AI voice systems for collections must be fully FDCPA-compliant.

**FCR (First Call Resolution)**
The percentage of customer contacts resolved without the customer needing to contact again for the same issue. Industry benchmark for AI voice: 77–83% for in-scope calls.

**Fine-Tuning**
The process of training a pre-trained AI model further on domain-specific data to improve performance for a specific use case. Some AI voice platforms use fine-tuned models for specific industries (healthcare, legal, financial).

**Footprint (AI Voice)**
The scope of interactions that an AI voice system handles. A narrow footprint handles one specific call type (scheduling only); a broad footprint handles many call types (scheduling, FAQ, complaints, collections, outbound reminders).

**Frequency (Calling)**
In outbound AI campaigns: how often the AI attempts to contact a given number. Configurable per campaign; typically set to avoid harassment (maximum 2–3 attempts per day, 7 attempts per week).

---

## G

**GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)**
EU regulation governing the collection, processing, and storage of personal data of EU residents. Applies to any AI voice system that interacts with EU residents, regardless of where the vendor is located. Requires data processing transparency, consent documentation, and data subject rights (access, deletion).

**GPT-4**
OpenAI's large language model, one of the leading LLMs used as an AI brain for voice agent systems. Known for strong reasoning and broad knowledge.

**Guardrails**
Constraints placed on an AI system's behavior — what it can and cannot say, what topics it should or should not engage with, how it should handle out-of-scope questions. Essential for controlling AI behavior in business deployments.

---

## H

**Hallucination**
When an AI generates plausible-sounding but factually incorrect information. A significant risk in AI voice deployments — an agent that hallucinations pricing, policies, or medical information can create real harm. Prevented through: grounding AI responses in a verified knowledge base, configuring "I don't know" responses for out-of-scope questions, and regular knowledge base audits.

**Handle Time**
See AHT (Average Handle Time).

**HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)**
US law protecting the privacy and security of health information. AI voice platforms processing any calls involving Protected Health Information (PHI) must be HIPAA-certified and sign a Business Associate Agreement (BAA) with the covered entity.

**Hotword Detection**
A capability to detect specific trigger words or phrases (e.g., "I need help immediately," "this is an emergency") and respond with pre-configured urgent escalation behavior.

---

## I

**ICP (Ideal Customer Profile)**
A description of the company or individual that would be most valuable as a customer. In AI lead qualification, the AI is configured to assess each caller against the ICP and disposition them accordingly.

**Inbound AI**
AI voice systems that handle incoming calls — answering the phone and managing the interaction. Contrast with outbound AI (calling customers).

**Intent Recognition**
The process of identifying what a caller wants to accomplish from their words. Modern LLMs achieve 93–97% intent recognition accuracy for well-defined use cases with proper configuration.

**IVR (Interactive Voice Response)**
Legacy phone automation technology that routes callers using touch-tone menus ("Press 1 for billing"). Being replaced by AI voice agents across most business segments. Key difference: IVR routes; AI resolves.

---

## J

**JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)**
Data format commonly used for API communication. When AI platforms send call data to external systems (CRM, calendar), it's typically transmitted as JSON. Relevant for technical integrations.

**Jump Rate**
The percentage of callers who bypass the AI entirely (immediately pressing 0 or demanding human) without engaging with the AI's content. High jump rates typically indicate either: poor call opening/greeting, negative experience with previous AI systems, or wrong caller audience for AI.

---

## K

**Knowledge Base**
The structured collection of information an AI agent draws on when answering questions — FAQs, policies, pricing, procedures, scripts. The single most important determinant of AI voice agent quality. More complete and accurate = better AI performance.

**KPI (Key Performance Indicator)**
A quantifiable metric used to evaluate success. For AI voice agents, the 10 primary KPIs are: AI completion rate, AHT, escalation rate, call volume handled, CSAT, FCR, voice quality score, cost per call, after-hours capture rate, and no-show rate (for reminder campaigns).

---

## L

**Latency**
See End-to-End Latency.

**LLM (Large Language Model)**
The AI brain of a voice agent — a neural network trained on large amounts of text that can understand context, reason about situations, and generate appropriate responses. Leading LLMs used in voice AI: Claude (Anthropic), GPT-4 (OpenAI), Gemini (Google).

**Local Presence**
A calling technique where the AI outbound call appears to originate from a local number matching the recipient's area code, improving answer rates. Effective for outbound campaigns; regulations require proper disclosure.

---

## M

**Mini-Miranda**
The required disclosure for third-party debt collectors under FDCPA, stating: "This is [company name] attempting to collect a debt. Any information obtained will be used for that purpose." Must be delivered at the start of every collection call. AI systems can be configured to deliver mini-Miranda automatically and consistently.

**Multimodal AI**
AI systems that can handle multiple interaction types — voice, text, images, video — potentially in a single conversation. Emerging capability that enables, for example, a voice call to seamlessly continue as a text/SMS conversation with context preserved.

**Multi-Agent Architecture**
A system where multiple specialized AI agents work together in sequence, each handling a specific stage of a customer journey. Emerging trend in 2026–2027 for complex sales and service workflows.

---

## N

**Named Entity Recognition (NER)**
An AI capability that identifies specific information types (names, dates, addresses, phone numbers, amounts) in spoken language. Used by STT systems to accurately transcribe and extract structured data from calls.

**Natural Language Processing (NLP)**
The branch of AI concerned with enabling computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language. Foundational to all AI voice agent technology.

**Natural Language Understanding (NLU)**
A component of NLP focused specifically on comprehending the meaning and intent of text or speech input. Distinguished from generating language (NLG).

**No-Show Rate**
The percentage of scheduled appointments where the patient/client does not appear. Industry baseline: 10–34% depending on vertical. Reducible to 6–20% with AI reminder campaigns.

---

## O

**Omnichannel**
A customer communication strategy where multiple channels (voice, text, email, chat) are integrated with shared context, so customers receive a consistent experience regardless of channel. AI voice agents that share context with SMS and email create omnichannel experiences.

**On-Call Routing**
Directing calls that exceed AI resolution capability to an on-call human agent, even outside business hours. Essential for emergency calls in healthcare, home services, and other urgent-need industries.

**Open-Source LLM**
Large language models whose weights and architecture are publicly available (examples: Llama, Mistral, Falcon). Growing in quality in 2026–2027; expected to reduce AI voice costs significantly as they become viable alternatives to commercial APIs.

**Outbound AI**
AI voice systems that initiate calls to customers or prospects, rather than answering inbound calls. Use cases: appointment reminders, lead follow-up, collections, renewal outreach, proactive customer success.

---

## P

**PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard)**
Security standard for organizations that handle credit card data. AI voice platforms that collect payment details during calls must be PCI DSS compliant. QuickVoice is Level 1 PCI compliant.

**PHI (Protected Health Information)**
Any information about a patient's health, healthcare, or payment for healthcare that can identify them. Regulated under HIPAA. AI voice systems handling PHI must have a BAA in place and be HIPAA-certified.

**Persona (AI)**
The defined character and communication style of an AI voice agent — including name, tone, speaking style, and behavioral guidelines. A well-defined persona creates consistent, branded customer experiences.

**Prompt Engineering**
The practice of designing the instructions (system prompts) given to an LLM to configure its behavior for a specific use case. In no-code AI voice platforms, prompt engineering is abstracted into UI-based configuration, but the underlying mechanism is prompt engineering.

**Prosody**
The patterns of rhythm, stress, and intonation in speech. In AI voice, prosody affects how natural the AI sounds — whether it emphasizes the right words, pauses in the right places, and varies its pace appropriately.

---

## Q

**Queue (Call Queue)**
A waiting system that holds callers until an agent (human or AI) is available. AI voice agents with unlimited concurrent call capacity effectively eliminate the queue — every caller is answered immediately.

---

## R

**RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)**
A technique where an LLM retrieves relevant information from an external knowledge base before generating a response. Used in AI voice to ensure the AI draws on verified, up-to-date information rather than relying solely on training data. Reduces hallucination risk.

**Real-Time Translation**
AI capability to understand speech in one language and respond in another, enabling multilingual conversations without separate agent configurations. Emerging technology in 2026–2027.

**Routing**
The process of directing incoming calls to the appropriate destination — AI agent, specific human queue, on-call number, or voicemail — based on time of day, call type, or other criteria.

---

## S

**SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)**
The technical protocol that manages voice calls over the internet. AI voice platforms connect to phone systems via SIP trunking.

**Softphone**
A software application that enables voice calls over the internet, used by human agents in cloud contact centers. Distinguished from hardware desk phones.

**SOC 2 Type II**
A security certification where an independent auditor verifies that a company maintains defined security controls over a period of at least 6 months (Type II = ongoing audit, vs. Type I = point-in-time). A meaningful security certification for enterprise buyers evaluating AI vendors.

**Speaker Diarization**
The process of separating different speakers in an audio recording ("Speaker 1 said X; Speaker 2 said Y"). Used for accurate transcription of multi-party calls and for AI to properly identify when the caller vs. the agent is speaking.

**STT (Speech-to-Text)**
The technology that converts spoken audio to text. The first stage of AI voice processing. Quality STT (Deepgram) achieves 4.2% word error rate in clean telephony audio.

**Subprocessor**
A third-party vendor that processes data on behalf of a primary vendor. In AI voice compliance, relevant subprocessors include: STT provider, TTS provider, cloud hosting provider, and telephony provider. HIPAA-compliant deployments require BAAs with all relevant subprocessors.

**System Prompt**
The background instructions given to an LLM that define its role, constraints, persona, and knowledge context. In no-code AI voice platforms, the system prompt is generated automatically from the UI configuration inputs.

---

## T

**TCPA (Telephone Consumer Protection Act)**
US law governing automated calls and texts, requiring prior express consent for marketing calls to mobile numbers, providing easy opt-out mechanisms, and complying with DNC lists.

**Text-to-Speech (TTS)**
The technology that converts text to synthesized speech. The final stage of AI voice response generation. Leading provider: ElevenLabs.

**Token**
The basic unit of text that LLMs process — roughly 3/4 of a word. LLM pricing is typically charged per token (input + output). Longer conversations = more tokens = higher AI cost.

**Training Data**
The text and/or audio data used to train an AI model. The quality, diversity, and scale of training data significantly affects model performance.

**Transfer (Call Transfer)**
Routing an in-progress call from AI to a human agent or another destination. Warm transfer: AI briefs the human before connecting; Cold transfer: AI connects without briefing.

**Turn-Taking**
The alternation of speaking between participants in a conversation. AI voice systems must manage turn-taking naturally — knowing when to listen, when to respond, and how to handle simultaneous speech.

---

## U

**Utterance**
A single spoken statement by a caller. The fundamental unit of analysis for speech recognition and intent detection. Each utterance produces an STT transcription and an intent classification.

**Uptime SLA**
A contractual commitment on system availability. Enterprise-grade AI voice platforms offer 99.9% uptime SLAs. Calculated as: maximum 8.76 hours of downtime per year.

---

## V

**Voice Cloning**
Creating a synthetic version of a specific person's voice, capable of speaking any text in that voice. Business applications: brand voice consistency, founder voice for campaigns, multilingual version of an existing voice.

**Voice Print**
A unique acoustic signature of an individual's voice, used for voice biometric authentication. Emerging use case for AI voice: verifying caller identity by voice print rather than PIN or password.

**Voicemail Drop**
Pre-recorded message left automatically when an outbound AI call reaches voicemail, without waiting for the beep and recording in real time. Improves campaign efficiency and message consistency.

---

## W

**Warm Transfer**
A call transfer where the AI agent briefs the receiving human agent on the caller's situation before connecting them. The human receives context before picking up, enabling faster resolution. Significantly improves CSAT and FCR for escalated calls compared to cold transfers.

**Webhook**
An automated HTTP callback that sends data from one system to another when a specific event occurs. Used to trigger AI outbound calls (e.g., new form submission → trigger AI qualification call), and to receive call data back into other systems.

**WER (Word Error Rate)**
The percentage of words in a speech recognition transcription that are incorrect. Lower is better. Deepgram WER in telephony: 4.2% (clean), 7.8% (noisy). Industry context: a 5% WER means 1 in 20 words is transcribed incorrectly — for most conversational AI use cases, this is acceptable.

**Whisper (AI Model)**
OpenAI's open-source speech recognition model, an alternative to commercial STT providers. Used in some AI voice deployments for cost reduction.

---

## X, Y, Z

**Zero-Shot Inference**
An LLM's ability to handle tasks it wasn't explicitly trained on, by applying general reasoning. Relevant for AI voice agents encountering questions slightly outside their configured knowledge base — a good LLM handles these gracefully using zero-shot reasoning rather than completely failing.

---

## Quick Reference: Acronym List

| Acronym | Full Term |
|---------|-----------|
| AHT | Average Handle Time |
| API | Application Programming Interface |
| ASR | Automatic Speech Recognition |
| BAA | Business Associate Agreement |
| BANT | Budget, Authority, Need, Timeline |
| CSAT | Customer Satisfaction Score |
| DNC | Do Not Call |
| FDCPA | Fair Debt Collection Practices Act |
| FCR | First Call Resolution |
| GDPR | General Data Protection Regulation |
| HIPAA | Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
| ICP | Ideal Customer Profile |
| IVR | Interactive Voice Response |
| KPI | Key Performance Indicator |
| LLM | Large Language Model |
| NER | Named Entity Recognition |
| NLP | Natural Language Processing |
| NLU | Natural Language Understanding |
| PCI DSS | Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard |
| PHI | Protected Health Information |
| RAG | Retrieval-Augmented Generation |
| SIP | Session Initiation Protocol |
| SOC 2 | Service Organization Control 2 |
| STT | Speech-to-Text |
| TCPA | Telephone Consumer Protection Act |
| TTS | Text-to-Speech |
| WER | Word Error Rate |

---

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