---
name: add-block
description: Create or update a Sim integration block with correct subBlocks, conditions, dependsOn, modes, canonicalParamId usage, outputs, and tool wiring. Use when working on `apps/sim/blocks/blocks/{service}.ts` or aligning a block with its tools.
---

# Add Block Skill

You are an expert at creating block configurations for Sim. You understand the serializer, subBlock types, conditions, dependsOn, modes, and all UI patterns.

## Your Task

When the user asks you to create a block:
1. Create the block file in `apps/sim/blocks/blocks/{service}.ts`
2. Configure all subBlocks with proper types, conditions, and dependencies
3. Wire up tools correctly

## Hard Rule: No Guessed Tool Outputs

Blocks depend on tool outputs. If the underlying tool response schema is not documented or live-verified, you MUST tell the user instead of guessing block outputs.

- Do NOT invent block outputs for undocumented tool responses
- Do NOT describe unknown JSON shapes as if they were confirmed
- Do NOT wire fields into the block just because they seem likely to exist

If the tool outputs are not known, do one of these instead:
1. Ask the user for sample tool responses
2. Ask the user for test credentials so the tool responses can be verified
3. Limit the block to operations whose outputs are documented
4. Leave uncertain outputs out and explicitly tell the user what remains unknown

## Block Configuration Structure

```typescript
import { {ServiceName}Icon } from '@/components/icons'
import type { BlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
import { AuthMode, IntegrationType } from '@/blocks/types'
import { getScopesForService } from '@/lib/oauth/utils'

export const {ServiceName}Block: BlockConfig = {
  type: '{service}',                    // snake_case identifier
  name: '{Service Name}',               // Human readable
  description: 'Brief description',     // One sentence
  longDescription: 'Detailed description for docs',
  docsLink: 'https://docs.sim.ai/tools/{service}',
  category: 'tools',                    // 'tools' | 'blocks' | 'triggers'
  integrationType: IntegrationType.X,   // Primary category (see IntegrationType enum)
  tags: ['oauth', 'api'],              // Cross-cutting tags (see IntegrationTag type)
  bgColor: '#HEXCOLOR',                 // Brand color
  icon: {ServiceName}Icon,

  // Auth mode
  authMode: AuthMode.OAuth,             // or AuthMode.ApiKey

  subBlocks: [
    // Define all UI fields here
  ],

  tools: {
    access: ['tool_id_1', 'tool_id_2'], // Array of tool IDs this block can use
    config: {
      tool: (params) => `{service}_${params.operation}`,  // Tool selector function
      params: (params) => ({
        // Transform subBlock values to tool params
      }),
    },
  },

  inputs: {
    // Optional: define expected inputs from other blocks
  },

  outputs: {
    // Define outputs available to downstream blocks
  },
}
```

## SubBlock Types Reference

**Critical:** Every subblock `id` must be unique within the block. Duplicate IDs cause conflicts even with different conditions.

### Text Inputs
```typescript
// Single-line input
{ id: 'field', title: 'Label', type: 'short-input', placeholder: '...' }

// Multi-line input
{ id: 'field', title: 'Label', type: 'long-input', placeholder: '...', rows: 6 }

// Password input
{ id: 'apiKey', title: 'API Key', type: 'short-input', password: true }
```

### Selection Inputs
```typescript
// Dropdown (static options)
{
  id: 'operation',
  title: 'Operation',
  type: 'dropdown',
  options: [
    { label: 'Create', id: 'create' },
    { label: 'Update', id: 'update' },
  ],
  value: () => 'create',  // Default value function
}

// Combobox (searchable dropdown)
{
  id: 'field',
  title: 'Label',
  type: 'combobox',
  options: [...],
  searchable: true,
}
```

### Code/JSON Inputs
```typescript
{
  id: 'code',
  title: 'Code',
  type: 'code',
  language: 'javascript',  // 'javascript' | 'json' | 'python'
  placeholder: '// Enter code...',
}
```

### OAuth/Credentials
```typescript
{
  id: 'credential',
  title: 'Account',
  type: 'oauth-input',
  serviceId: '{service}',  // Must match OAuth provider service key
  requiredScopes: getScopesForService('{service}'),  // Import from @/lib/oauth/utils
  placeholder: 'Select account',
  required: true,
}
```

**Scopes:** Always use `getScopesForService(serviceId)` from `@/lib/oauth/utils` for `requiredScopes`. Never hardcode scope arrays — the single source of truth is `OAUTH_PROVIDERS` in `lib/oauth/oauth.ts`.

**Scope descriptions:** When adding a new OAuth provider, also add human-readable descriptions for all scopes in `SCOPE_DESCRIPTIONS` within `lib/oauth/utils.ts`.

### Selectors (with dynamic options)
```typescript
// Channel selector (Slack, Discord, etc.)
{
  id: 'channel',
  title: 'Channel',
  type: 'channel-selector',
  serviceId: '{service}',
  placeholder: 'Select channel',
  dependsOn: ['credential'],
}

// Project selector (Jira, etc.)
{
  id: 'project',
  title: 'Project',
  type: 'project-selector',
  serviceId: '{service}',
  dependsOn: ['credential'],
}

// File selector (Google Drive, etc.)
{
  id: 'file',
  title: 'File',
  type: 'file-selector',
  serviceId: '{service}',
  mimeType: 'application/pdf',
  dependsOn: ['credential'],
}

// User selector
{
  id: 'user',
  title: 'User',
  type: 'user-selector',
  serviceId: '{service}',
  dependsOn: ['credential'],
}
```

### Other Types
```typescript
// Switch/toggle
{ id: 'enabled', type: 'switch' }

// Slider
{ id: 'temperature', title: 'Temperature', type: 'slider', min: 0, max: 2, step: 0.1 }

// Table (key-value pairs)
{ id: 'headers', title: 'Headers', type: 'table', columns: ['Key', 'Value'] }

// File upload
{
  id: 'files',
  title: 'Attachments',
  type: 'file-upload',
  multiple: true,
  acceptedTypes: 'image/*,application/pdf',
}
```

## File Input Handling

When your block accepts file uploads, use the basic/advanced mode pattern with `normalizeFileInput`.

### Basic/Advanced File Pattern

```typescript
// Basic mode: Visual file upload
{
  id: 'uploadFile',
  title: 'File',
  type: 'file-upload',
  canonicalParamId: 'file',  // Both map to 'file' param
  placeholder: 'Upload file',
  mode: 'basic',
  multiple: false,
  required: true,
  condition: { field: 'operation', value: 'upload' },
},
// Advanced mode: Reference from other blocks
{
  id: 'fileRef',
  title: 'File',
  type: 'short-input',
  canonicalParamId: 'file',  // Both map to 'file' param
  placeholder: 'Reference file (e.g., {{file_block.output}})',
  mode: 'advanced',
  required: true,
  condition: { field: 'operation', value: 'upload' },
},
```

**Critical constraints:**
- `canonicalParamId` must NOT match any subblock's `id` in the same block
- Values are stored under subblock `id`, not `canonicalParamId`

### Normalizing File Input in tools.config

Use `normalizeFileInput` to handle all input variants:

```typescript
import { normalizeFileInput } from '@/blocks/utils'

tools: {
  access: ['service_upload'],
  config: {
    tool: (params) => {
      // Check all field IDs: uploadFile (basic), fileRef (advanced), fileContent (legacy)
      const normalizedFile = normalizeFileInput(
        params.uploadFile || params.fileRef || params.fileContent,
        { single: true }
      )
      if (normalizedFile) {
        params.file = normalizedFile
      }
      return `service_${params.operation}`
    },
  },
}
```

**Why this pattern?**
- Values come through as `params.uploadFile` or `params.fileRef` (the subblock IDs)
- `canonicalParamId` only controls UI/schema mapping, not runtime values
- `normalizeFileInput` handles JSON strings from advanced mode template resolution

### File Input Types in `inputs`

Use `type: 'json'` for file inputs:

```typescript
inputs: {
  uploadFile: { type: 'json', description: 'Uploaded file (UserFile)' },
  fileRef: { type: 'json', description: 'File reference from previous block' },
  // Legacy field for backwards compatibility
  fileContent: { type: 'string', description: 'Legacy: base64 encoded content' },
}
```

### Multiple Files

For multiple file uploads:

```typescript
{
  id: 'attachments',
  title: 'Attachments',
  type: 'file-upload',
  multiple: true,  // Allow multiple files
  maxSize: 25,     // Max size in MB per file
  acceptedTypes: 'image/*,application/pdf,.doc,.docx',
}

// In tools.config:
const normalizedFiles = normalizeFileInput(
  params.attachments || params.attachmentRefs,
  // No { single: true } - returns array
)
if (normalizedFiles) {
  params.files = normalizedFiles
}
```

## Condition Syntax

Controls when a field is shown based on other field values.

### Simple Condition
```typescript
condition: { field: 'operation', value: 'create' }
// Shows when operation === 'create'
```

### Multiple Values (OR)
```typescript
condition: { field: 'operation', value: ['create', 'update'] }
// Shows when operation is 'create' OR 'update'
```

### Negation
```typescript
condition: { field: 'operation', value: 'delete', not: true }
// Shows when operation !== 'delete'
```

### Compound (AND)
```typescript
condition: {
  field: 'operation',
  value: 'send',
  and: {
    field: 'type',
    value: 'dm',
    not: true,
  }
}
// Shows when operation === 'send' AND type !== 'dm'
```

### Complex Example
```typescript
condition: {
  field: 'operation',
  value: ['list', 'search'],
  not: true,
  and: {
    field: 'authMethod',
    value: 'oauth',
  }
}
// Shows when operation NOT in ['list', 'search'] AND authMethod === 'oauth'
```

## DependsOn Pattern

Controls when a field is enabled and when its options are refetched.

### Simple Array (all must be set)
```typescript
dependsOn: ['credential']
// Enabled only when credential has a value
// Options refetch when credential changes

dependsOn: ['credential', 'projectId']
// Enabled only when BOTH have values
```

### Complex (all + any)
```typescript
dependsOn: {
  all: ['authMethod'],           // All must be set
  any: ['credential', 'apiKey']  // At least one must be set
}
// Enabled when authMethod is set AND (credential OR apiKey is set)
```

## Required Pattern

Can be boolean or condition-based.

### Simple Boolean
```typescript
required: true
required: false
```

### Conditional Required
```typescript
required: { field: 'operation', value: 'create' }
// Required only when operation === 'create'

required: { field: 'operation', value: ['create', 'update'] }
// Required when operation is 'create' OR 'update'
```

## Mode Pattern (Basic vs Advanced)

Controls which UI view shows the field.

### Mode Options
- `'basic'` - Only in basic view (default UI)
- `'advanced'` - Only in advanced view
- `'both'` - Both views (default if not specified)
- `'trigger'` - Only in trigger configuration

### canonicalParamId Pattern

Maps multiple UI fields to a single serialized parameter:

```typescript
// Basic mode: Visual selector
{
  id: 'channel',
  title: 'Channel',
  type: 'channel-selector',
  mode: 'basic',
  canonicalParamId: 'channel',  // Both map to 'channel' param
  dependsOn: ['credential'],
}

// Advanced mode: Manual input
{
  id: 'channelId',
  title: 'Channel ID',
  type: 'short-input',
  mode: 'advanced',
  canonicalParamId: 'channel',  // Both map to 'channel' param
  placeholder: 'Enter channel ID manually',
}
```

**How it works:**
- In basic mode: `channel` selector value → `params.channel`
- In advanced mode: `channelId` input value → `params.channel`
- The serializer consolidates based on current mode

**Critical constraints:**
- `canonicalParamId` must NOT match any other subblock's `id` in the same block (causes conflicts)
- `canonicalParamId` must be unique per block (only one basic/advanced pair per canonicalParamId)
- ONLY use `canonicalParamId` to link basic/advanced mode alternatives for the same logical parameter
- Do NOT use it for any other purpose

## WandConfig Pattern

Enables AI-assisted field generation.

```typescript
{
  id: 'query',
  title: 'Query',
  type: 'code',
  language: 'json',
  wandConfig: {
    enabled: true,
    prompt: 'Generate a query based on the user request. Return ONLY the JSON.',
    placeholder: 'Describe what you want to query...',
    generationType: 'json-object',  // Optional: affects AI behavior
    maintainHistory: true,          // Optional: keeps conversation context
  },
}
```

### Generation Types
- `'javascript-function-body'` - JS code generation
- `'json-object'` - Raw JSON (adds "no markdown" instruction)
- `'json-schema'` - JSON Schema definitions
- `'sql-query'` - SQL statements
- `'timestamp'` - Adds current date/time context

## Tools Configuration

**Important:** `tools.config.tool` runs during serialization before variable resolution. Put `Number()` and other type coercions in `tools.config.params` instead, which runs at execution time after variables are resolved.

**Preferred:** Use tool names directly as dropdown option IDs to avoid switch cases:
```typescript
// Dropdown options use tool IDs directly
options: [
  { label: 'Create', id: 'service_create' },
  { label: 'Read', id: 'service_read' },
]

// Tool selector just returns the operation value
tool: (params) => params.operation,
```

### With Parameter Transformation
```typescript
tools: {
  access: ['service_action'],
  config: {
    tool: (params) => 'service_action',
    params: (params) => ({
      id: params.resourceId,
      data: typeof params.data === 'string' ? JSON.parse(params.data) : params.data,
    }),
  },
}
```

### V2 Versioned Tool Selector
```typescript
import { createVersionedToolSelector } from '@/blocks/utils'

tools: {
  access: [
    'service_create_v2',
    'service_read_v2',
    'service_update_v2',
  ],
  config: {
    tool: createVersionedToolSelector({
      baseToolSelector: (params) => `service_${params.operation}`,
      suffix: '_v2',
      fallbackToolId: 'service_create_v2',
    }),
  },
}
```

## Outputs Definition

**IMPORTANT:** Block outputs have a simpler schema than tool outputs. Block outputs do NOT support:
- `optional: true` - This is only for tool outputs
- `items` property - This is only for tool outputs with array types

Block outputs only support:
- `type` - The data type ('string', 'number', 'boolean', 'json', 'array')
- `description` - Human readable description
- Nested object structure (for complex types)

```typescript
outputs: {
  // Simple outputs
  id: { type: 'string', description: 'Resource ID' },
  success: { type: 'boolean', description: 'Whether operation succeeded' },

  // Use type: 'json' for complex objects or arrays (NOT type: 'array' with items)
  items: { type: 'json', description: 'List of items' },
  metadata: { type: 'json', description: 'Response metadata' },

  // Nested outputs (for structured data)
  user: {
    id: { type: 'string', description: 'User ID' },
    name: { type: 'string', description: 'User name' },
    email: { type: 'string', description: 'User email' },
  },
}
```

### Typed JSON Outputs

When using `type: 'json'` and you know the object shape in advance, **describe the inner fields in the description** so downstream blocks know what properties are available. For well-known, stable objects, use nested output definitions instead:

```typescript
outputs: {
  // BAD: Opaque json with no info about what's inside
  plan: { type: 'json', description: 'Zone plan information' },

  // GOOD: Describe the known fields in the description
  plan: {
    type: 'json',
    description: 'Zone plan information (id, name, price, currency, frequency, is_subscribed)',
  },

  // BEST: Use nested output definition when the shape is stable and well-known
  plan: {
    id: { type: 'string', description: 'Plan identifier' },
    name: { type: 'string', description: 'Plan name' },
    price: { type: 'number', description: 'Plan price' },
    currency: { type: 'string', description: 'Price currency' },
  },
}
```

Use the nested pattern when:
- The object has a small, stable set of fields (< 10)
- Downstream blocks will commonly access specific properties
- The API response shape is well-documented and unlikely to change

Use `type: 'json'` with a descriptive string when:
- The object has many fields or a dynamic shape
- It represents a list/array of items
- The shape varies by operation

If the output shape is unknown because the underlying tool response is undocumented, you MUST tell the user and stop. Unknown is not the same as variable. Never guess block outputs.

## V2 Block Pattern

When creating V2 blocks (alongside legacy V1):

```typescript
// V1 Block - mark as legacy
export const ServiceBlock: BlockConfig = {
  type: 'service',
  name: 'Service (Legacy)',
  hideFromToolbar: true,  // Hide from toolbar
  // ... rest of config
}

// V2 Block - visible, uses V2 tools
export const ServiceV2Block: BlockConfig = {
  type: 'service_v2',
  name: 'Service',              // Clean name
  hideFromToolbar: false,       // Visible
  subBlocks: ServiceBlock.subBlocks,  // Reuse UI
  tools: {
    access: ServiceBlock.tools?.access?.map(id => `${id}_v2`) || [],
    config: {
      tool: createVersionedToolSelector({
        baseToolSelector: (params) => (ServiceBlock.tools?.config as any)?.tool(params),
        suffix: '_v2',
        fallbackToolId: 'service_default_v2',
      }),
      params: ServiceBlock.tools?.config?.params,
    },
  },
  outputs: {
    // Flat, API-aligned outputs (not wrapped in content/metadata)
  },
}
```

## Registering Blocks

After creating the block, remind the user to:
1. Import in `apps/sim/blocks/registry.ts`
2. Add to the `registry` object (alphabetically):

```typescript
import { ServiceBlock } from '@/blocks/blocks/service'

export const registry: Record<string, BlockConfig> = {
  // ... existing blocks ...
  service: ServiceBlock,
}
```

## Complete Example

```typescript
import { ServiceIcon } from '@/components/icons'
import type { BlockConfig } from '@/blocks/types'
import { AuthMode, IntegrationType } from '@/blocks/types'
import { getScopesForService } from '@/lib/oauth/utils'

export const ServiceBlock: BlockConfig = {
  type: 'service',
  name: 'Service',
  description: 'Integrate with Service API',
  longDescription: 'Full description for documentation...',
  docsLink: 'https://docs.sim.ai/tools/service',
  category: 'tools',
  integrationType: IntegrationType.DeveloperTools,
  tags: ['oauth', 'api'],
  bgColor: '#FF6B6B',
  icon: ServiceIcon,
  authMode: AuthMode.OAuth,

  subBlocks: [
    {
      id: 'operation',
      title: 'Operation',
      type: 'dropdown',
      options: [
        { label: 'Create', id: 'create' },
        { label: 'Read', id: 'read' },
        { label: 'Update', id: 'update' },
        { label: 'Delete', id: 'delete' },
      ],
      value: () => 'create',
    },
    {
      id: 'credential',
      title: 'Service Account',
      type: 'oauth-input',
      serviceId: 'service',
      requiredScopes: getScopesForService('service'),
      placeholder: 'Select account',
      required: true,
    },
    {
      id: 'resourceId',
      title: 'Resource ID',
      type: 'short-input',
      placeholder: 'Enter resource ID',
      condition: { field: 'operation', value: ['read', 'update', 'delete'] },
      required: { field: 'operation', value: ['read', 'update', 'delete'] },
    },
    {
      id: 'name',
      title: 'Name',
      type: 'short-input',
      placeholder: 'Resource name',
      condition: { field: 'operation', value: ['create', 'update'] },
      required: { field: 'operation', value: 'create' },
    },
  ],

  tools: {
    access: ['service_create', 'service_read', 'service_update', 'service_delete'],
    config: {
      tool: (params) => `service_${params.operation}`,
    },
  },

  outputs: {
    id: { type: 'string', description: 'Resource ID' },
    name: { type: 'string', description: 'Resource name' },
    createdAt: { type: 'string', description: 'Creation timestamp' },
  },
}
```

## Connecting Blocks with Triggers

If the service supports webhooks, connect the block to its triggers.

```typescript
import { getTrigger } from '@/triggers'

export const ServiceBlock: BlockConfig = {
  // ... basic config ...

  triggers: {
    enabled: true,
    available: ['service_event_a', 'service_event_b', 'service_webhook'],
  },

  subBlocks: [
    // Tool subBlocks first...
    { id: 'operation', /* ... */ },

    // Then spread trigger subBlocks
    ...getTrigger('service_event_a').subBlocks,
    ...getTrigger('service_event_b').subBlocks,
    ...getTrigger('service_webhook').subBlocks,
  ],
}
```

See the `/add-trigger` skill for creating triggers.

## Icon Requirement

If the icon doesn't already exist in `@/components/icons.tsx`, **do NOT search for it yourself**. After completing the block, ask the user to provide the SVG:

```
The block is complete, but I need an icon for {Service}.
Please provide the SVG and I'll convert it to a React component.

You can usually find this in the service's brand/press kit page, or copy it from their website.
```

## Advanced Mode for Optional Fields

Optional fields that are rarely used should be set to `mode: 'advanced'` so they don't clutter the basic UI. This includes:
- Pagination tokens
- Time range filters (start/end time)
- Sort order options
- Reply settings
- Rarely used IDs (e.g., reply-to tweet ID, quote tweet ID)
- Max results / limits

```typescript
{
  id: 'startTime',
  title: 'Start Time',
  type: 'short-input',
  placeholder: 'ISO 8601 timestamp',
  condition: { field: 'operation', value: ['search', 'list'] },
  mode: 'advanced',  // Rarely used, hide from basic view
}
```

## WandConfig for Complex Inputs

Use `wandConfig` for fields that are hard to fill out manually, such as timestamps, comma-separated lists, and complex query strings. This gives users an AI-assisted input experience.

```typescript
// Timestamps - use generationType: 'timestamp' to inject current date context
{
  id: 'startTime',
  title: 'Start Time',
  type: 'short-input',
  mode: 'advanced',
  wandConfig: {
    enabled: true,
    prompt: 'Generate an ISO 8601 timestamp based on the user description. Return ONLY the timestamp string.',
    generationType: 'timestamp',
  },
}

// Comma-separated lists - simple prompt without generationType
{
  id: 'mediaIds',
  title: 'Media IDs',
  type: 'short-input',
  mode: 'advanced',
  wandConfig: {
    enabled: true,
    prompt: 'Generate a comma-separated list of media IDs. Return ONLY the comma-separated values.',
  },
}
```

## Naming Convention

All tool IDs referenced in `tools.access` and returned by `tools.config.tool` MUST use `snake_case` (e.g., `x_create_tweet`, `slack_send_message`). Never use camelCase or PascalCase.

## Checklist Before Finishing

- [ ] `integrationType` is set to the correct `IntegrationType` enum value
- [ ] `tags` array includes all applicable `IntegrationTag` values
- [ ] All subBlocks have `id`, `title` (except switch), and `type`
- [ ] Conditions use correct syntax (field, value, not, and)
- [ ] DependsOn set for fields that need other values
- [ ] Required fields marked correctly (boolean or condition)
- [ ] OAuth inputs have correct `serviceId` and `requiredScopes: getScopesForService(serviceId)`
- [ ] Scope descriptions added to `SCOPE_DESCRIPTIONS` in `lib/oauth/utils.ts` for any new scopes
- [ ] Tools.access lists all tool IDs (snake_case)
- [ ] Tools.config.tool returns correct tool ID (snake_case)
- [ ] Outputs match tool outputs
- [ ] Block registered in registry.ts
- [ ] If icon missing: asked user to provide SVG
- [ ] If triggers exist: `triggers` config set, trigger subBlocks spread
- [ ] Optional/rarely-used fields set to `mode: 'advanced'`
- [ ] Timestamps and complex inputs have `wandConfig` enabled

## Final Validation (Required)

After creating the block, you MUST validate it against every tool it references:

1. **Read every tool definition** that appears in `tools.access` — do not skip any
2. **For each tool, verify the block has correct:**
   - SubBlock inputs that cover all required tool params (with correct `condition` to show for that operation)
   - SubBlock input types that match the tool param types (e.g., dropdown for enums, short-input for strings)
   - `tools.config.params` correctly maps subBlock IDs to tool param names (if they differ)
   - Type coercions in `tools.config.params` for any params that need conversion (Number(), Boolean(), JSON.parse())
3. **Verify block outputs** cover the key fields returned by all tools
4. **Verify conditions** — each subBlock should only show for the operations that actually use it
5. **If any tool outputs are still unknown**, explicitly tell the user instead of guessing block outputs
