"""
Core media types and models for AbstractCore multimodal support.

This module defines the fundamental data structures for handling various media types
across different LLM providers, following AbstractCore's unified interface patterns.
"""

import base64
import mimetypes
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Union, Dict, Any, Optional, List, Literal
from enum import Enum

from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, field_validator


class MediaType(Enum):
    """Supported media types for multimodal processing."""
    IMAGE = "image"
    DOCUMENT = "document"
    AUDIO = "audio"
    VIDEO = "video"
    TEXT = "text"


class ContentFormat(Enum):
    """Different ways media content can be represented."""
    BASE64 = "base64"
    URL = "url"
    FILE_PATH = "file_path"
    TEXT = "text"
    BINARY = "binary"
    AUTO = "auto"


@dataclass
class MediaContent:
    """
    Represents a piece of media content with metadata.

    This is the core data structure for all media handling in AbstractCore.
    It provides a unified way to represent different types of content regardless
    of the underlying provider.
    """
    media_type: MediaType
    content: Union[str, bytes]
    content_format: ContentFormat
    mime_type: str
    file_path: Optional[str] = None
    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = field(default_factory=dict)

    def __post_init__(self):
        """Validate and normalize the MediaContent after initialization."""
        # Auto-detect MIME type if not provided and we have a file path
        if self.mime_type == "auto" and self.file_path:
            detected_mime, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(self.file_path)
            self.mime_type = detected_mime or "application/octet-stream"

        # Ensure content format matches content type
        if self.content_format == ContentFormat.BASE64 and isinstance(self.content, bytes):
            self.content = base64.b64encode(self.content).decode('utf-8')
        elif self.content_format == ContentFormat.TEXT and isinstance(self.content, bytes):
            self.content = self.content.decode('utf-8')

    def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Return a JSON-safe dict representation (best-effort)."""
        content: Any = self.content
        if isinstance(content, (bytes, bytearray)):
            content = base64.b64encode(bytes(content)).decode("utf-8")
        return {
            "media_type": self.media_type.value if isinstance(self.media_type, MediaType) else str(self.media_type),
            "content": content,
            "content_format": self.content_format.value
            if isinstance(self.content_format, ContentFormat)
            else str(self.content_format),
            "mime_type": str(self.mime_type or "application/octet-stream"),
            "file_path": self.file_path,
            "metadata": dict(self.metadata or {}),
        }

    @classmethod
    def from_dict(cls, data: Dict[str, Any]) -> "MediaContent":
        """Parse a dict into a MediaContent (best-effort, tolerant of common aliases)."""
        if not isinstance(data, dict):
            raise TypeError("MediaContent.from_dict expects a dict")

        media_type_raw = data.get("media_type")
        if media_type_raw is None:
            media_type_raw = data.get("mediaType")
        if media_type_raw is None:
            type_raw = data.get("type")
            if isinstance(type_raw, str) and type_raw.strip().lower() in {m.value for m in MediaType}:
                media_type_raw = type_raw

        mime_type_raw = data.get("mime_type")
        if mime_type_raw is None:
            mime_type_raw = data.get("mimeType")
        if mime_type_raw is None:
            mime_type_raw = data.get("mime")
        if mime_type_raw is None:
            mime_type_raw = data.get("content_type")
        if mime_type_raw is None:
            mime_type_raw = data.get("contentType")

        mime_type = str(mime_type_raw or "application/octet-stream")

        if isinstance(media_type_raw, MediaType):
            media_type = media_type_raw
        elif isinstance(media_type_raw, str) and media_type_raw.strip():
            media_type = MediaType(media_type_raw.strip().lower())
        else:
            # Infer from MIME type when missing.
            mt = mime_type.lower()
            if mt.startswith("image/"):
                media_type = MediaType.IMAGE
            elif mt.startswith("audio/"):
                media_type = MediaType.AUDIO
            elif mt.startswith("video/"):
                media_type = MediaType.VIDEO
            elif mt.startswith("text/"):
                media_type = MediaType.TEXT
            else:
                media_type = MediaType.DOCUMENT

        content_format_raw = data.get("content_format")
        if content_format_raw is None:
            content_format_raw = data.get("contentFormat")

        file_path_raw = data.get("file_path")
        if file_path_raw is None:
            file_path_raw = data.get("filePath")
        if file_path_raw is None:
            file_path_raw = data.get("path")

        content = data.get("content")
        if content is None and isinstance(file_path_raw, str) and file_path_raw.strip():
            content = file_path_raw

        if isinstance(content_format_raw, ContentFormat):
            content_format = content_format_raw
        elif isinstance(content_format_raw, str) and content_format_raw.strip():
            try:
                content_format = ContentFormat(content_format_raw.strip().lower())
            except ValueError:
                content_format = ContentFormat.AUTO
        else:
            if isinstance(file_path_raw, str) and file_path_raw.strip():
                content_format = ContentFormat.FILE_PATH
            elif isinstance(content, (bytes, bytearray)):
                content_format = ContentFormat.BINARY
            elif isinstance(content, str):
                content_format = ContentFormat.TEXT
            else:
                content_format = ContentFormat.AUTO

        metadata_raw = data.get("metadata")
        metadata = dict(metadata_raw) if isinstance(metadata_raw, dict) else {}
        if "role" in data and "role" not in metadata:
            metadata["role"] = data.get("role")

        file_path = str(file_path_raw).strip() if isinstance(file_path_raw, str) and file_path_raw.strip() else None

        return cls(
            media_type=media_type,
            content=content,
            content_format=content_format,
            mime_type=mime_type,
            file_path=file_path,
            metadata=metadata,
        )


class MultimodalMessage(BaseModel):
    """
    A message that can contain both text and media content.

    This follows the pattern of modern multimodal APIs where a single message
    can contain multiple content elements of different types.
    """
    role: str = Field(..., description="Message role (user, assistant, system)")
    content: List[Union[str, Dict[str, Any]]] = Field(
        default_factory=list,
        description="Mixed content list containing text strings and media objects"
    )
    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)

    @field_validator("role")
    @classmethod
    def validate_role(cls, v: str) -> str:
        valid_roles = {'user', 'assistant', 'system', 'tool'}
        if v not in valid_roles:
            raise ValueError(f"Role must be one of {valid_roles}")
        return v

    def add_text(self, text: str) -> None:
        """Add text content to the message."""
        self.content.append(text)

    def add_media(self, media: MediaContent) -> None:
        """Add media content to the message."""
        media_dict = {
            "type": "media",
            "media_type": media.media_type.value,
            "content": media.content,
            "content_format": media.content_format.value,
            "mime_type": media.mime_type,
            "metadata": media.metadata
        }
        if media.file_path:
            media_dict["file_path"] = media.file_path

        self.content.append(media_dict)

    def has_media(self) -> bool:
        """Check if this message contains any media content."""
        return any(
            isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("type") == "media"
            for item in self.content
        )

    def get_text_content(self) -> str:
        """Extract all text content from the message."""
        text_parts = [
            item for item in self.content
            if isinstance(item, str)
        ]
        return " ".join(text_parts)

    def get_media_content(self) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """Extract all media content from the message."""
        return [
            item for item in self.content
            if isinstance(item, dict) and item.get("type") == "media"
        ]


@dataclass
class MediaCapabilities:
    """
    Represents what media capabilities a provider/model supports.

    This is used for intelligent routing and validation of media content
    based on the target provider and model capabilities.
    """
    vision_support: bool = False
    audio_support: bool = False
    video_support: bool = False
    document_support: bool = False

    # Image-specific capabilities
    max_image_resolution: Optional[str] = None
    supported_image_formats: List[str] = field(default_factory=lambda: ["jpg", "png"])

    # Document-specific capabilities
    supported_document_formats: List[str] = field(default_factory=lambda: ["pdf", "txt"])

    # Audio/Video capabilities
    max_audio_duration: Optional[int] = None  # in seconds
    max_video_duration: Optional[int] = None  # in seconds

    # Provider-specific limits
    max_file_size: Optional[int] = None  # in bytes
    max_concurrent_media: int = 1

    def supports_media_type(self, media_type: MediaType) -> bool:
        """Check if this provider supports the given media type."""
        support_map = {
            MediaType.IMAGE: self.vision_support,
            MediaType.AUDIO: self.audio_support,
            MediaType.VIDEO: self.video_support,
            MediaType.DOCUMENT: self.document_support,
            MediaType.TEXT: True  # All providers support text
        }
        return support_map.get(media_type, False)

    def supports_format(self, media_type: MediaType, format_ext: str) -> bool:
        """Check if this provider supports the specific format."""
        format_ext = format_ext.lower().lstrip('.')

        if media_type == MediaType.IMAGE:
            return format_ext in self.supported_image_formats
        elif media_type == MediaType.DOCUMENT:
            return format_ext in self.supported_document_formats
        elif media_type in [MediaType.AUDIO, MediaType.VIDEO]:
            # For now, assume basic support if the media type is supported
            return self.supports_media_type(media_type)
        else:
            return True


class MediaProcessingResult(BaseModel):
    """
    Result of processing a media file.

    Contains the processed content and metadata about the processing operation.
    """
    success: bool
    media_content: Optional[MediaContent] = None
    error_message: Optional[str] = None
    processing_time: Optional[float] = None
    extracted_text: Optional[str] = None
    metadata: Dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)

    @property
    def failed(self) -> bool:
        """Check if processing failed."""
        return not self.success


# File extension mappings for quick media type detection
FILE_TYPE_MAPPINGS = {
    # Images
    'jpg': MediaType.IMAGE, 'jpeg': MediaType.IMAGE, 'png': MediaType.IMAGE,
    'gif': MediaType.IMAGE, 'bmp': MediaType.IMAGE, 'tif': MediaType.IMAGE,
    'tiff': MediaType.IMAGE, 'webp': MediaType.IMAGE, 'ico': MediaType.IMAGE,

    # Documents (binary formats that need special processing)
    'pdf': MediaType.DOCUMENT, 'doc': MediaType.DOCUMENT, 'docx': MediaType.DOCUMENT,
    'xls': MediaType.DOCUMENT, 'xlsx': MediaType.DOCUMENT, 'ppt': MediaType.DOCUMENT,
    'pptx': MediaType.DOCUMENT, 'odt': MediaType.DOCUMENT, 'rtf': MediaType.DOCUMENT,

    # Text formats - Common markup and data formats
    'txt': MediaType.TEXT, 'md': MediaType.TEXT, 'markdown': MediaType.TEXT,
    'csv': MediaType.TEXT, 'tsv': MediaType.TEXT,
    'json': MediaType.TEXT, 'jsonl': MediaType.TEXT, 'ndjson': MediaType.TEXT,
    'xml': MediaType.TEXT, 'html': MediaType.TEXT, 'htm': MediaType.TEXT,
    'yaml': MediaType.TEXT, 'yml': MediaType.TEXT, 'toml': MediaType.TEXT,
    'ini': MediaType.TEXT, 'cfg': MediaType.TEXT, 'conf': MediaType.TEXT,

    # Text formats - Programming and scripting languages
    'py': MediaType.TEXT, 'pyw': MediaType.TEXT, 'pyx': MediaType.TEXT,
    'js': MediaType.TEXT, 'jsx': MediaType.TEXT, 'ts': MediaType.TEXT, 'tsx': MediaType.TEXT,
    'java': MediaType.TEXT, 'kt': MediaType.TEXT, 'scala': MediaType.TEXT,
    'c': MediaType.TEXT, 'cpp': MediaType.TEXT, 'cc': MediaType.TEXT, 'cxx': MediaType.TEXT,
    'h': MediaType.TEXT, 'hpp': MediaType.TEXT, 'hxx': MediaType.TEXT,
    'cs': MediaType.TEXT, 'go': MediaType.TEXT, 'rs': MediaType.TEXT, 'swift': MediaType.TEXT,
    'rb': MediaType.TEXT, 'php': MediaType.TEXT, 'pl': MediaType.TEXT, 'pm': MediaType.TEXT,
    'sh': MediaType.TEXT, 'bash': MediaType.TEXT, 'zsh': MediaType.TEXT, 'fish': MediaType.TEXT,
    'r': MediaType.TEXT, 'R': MediaType.TEXT, 'rmd': MediaType.TEXT, 'Rmd': MediaType.TEXT,
    'jl': MediaType.TEXT, 'matlab': MediaType.TEXT, 'm': MediaType.TEXT,
    'sql': MediaType.TEXT, 'lua': MediaType.TEXT, 'vim': MediaType.TEXT,
    'dart': MediaType.TEXT, 'ex': MediaType.TEXT, 'exs': MediaType.TEXT,
    'erl': MediaType.TEXT, 'hrl': MediaType.TEXT, 'clj': MediaType.TEXT, 'cljs': MediaType.TEXT,

    # Text formats - Notebooks and documentation
    'ipynb': MediaType.TEXT, 'qmd': MediaType.TEXT, 'rst': MediaType.TEXT,
    'tex': MediaType.TEXT, 'latex': MediaType.TEXT, 'bib': MediaType.TEXT,
    'org': MediaType.TEXT, 'adoc': MediaType.TEXT, 'asciidoc': MediaType.TEXT,

    # Text formats - Web and styles
    'css': MediaType.TEXT, 'scss': MediaType.TEXT, 'sass': MediaType.TEXT, 'less': MediaType.TEXT,
    'vue': MediaType.TEXT, 'svelte': MediaType.TEXT,

    # Text formats - Build and config files
    'gradle': MediaType.TEXT, 'cmake': MediaType.TEXT, 'make': MediaType.TEXT,
    'dockerfile': MediaType.TEXT, 'containerfile': MediaType.TEXT,
    'gitignore': MediaType.TEXT, 'gitattributes': MediaType.TEXT,
    'env': MediaType.TEXT, 'properties': MediaType.TEXT,

    # Text formats - Log and output files
    'log': MediaType.TEXT, 'out': MediaType.TEXT, 'err': MediaType.TEXT,

    # Audio
    'mp3': MediaType.AUDIO, 'wav': MediaType.AUDIO, 'm4a': MediaType.AUDIO,
    'ogg': MediaType.AUDIO, 'flac': MediaType.AUDIO, 'aac': MediaType.AUDIO,

    # Video
    'mp4': MediaType.VIDEO, 'avi': MediaType.VIDEO, 'mov': MediaType.VIDEO,
    'mkv': MediaType.VIDEO, 'webm': MediaType.VIDEO, 'wmv': MediaType.VIDEO,
}


def is_text_file(file_path: Union[str, Path]) -> bool:
    """
    Detect if a file is text-based by attempting to read it.

    This is a heuristic check that samples the beginning of the file
    to determine if it contains text content.

    Args:
        file_path: Path to the file

    Returns:
        True if file appears to be text-based, False otherwise
    """
    path = Path(file_path)

    if not path.exists():
        return False

    # Check file size - avoid reading very large files
    try:
        file_size = path.stat().st_size
        if file_size == 0:
            return True  # Empty files are text

        # Sample first 8KB to detect if it's text
        sample_size = min(8192, file_size)

        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
            sample = f.read(sample_size)

        # Check for null bytes (strong indicator of binary)
        if b'\x00' in sample:
            return False

        # Try to decode as UTF-8
        try:
            sample.decode('utf-8')
            return True
        except UnicodeDecodeError:
            pass

        # Try other common encodings
        for encoding in ['latin-1', 'cp1252', 'iso-8859-1']:
            try:
                sample.decode(encoding)
                return True
            except (UnicodeDecodeError, LookupError):
                continue

        # If we can't decode it, it's probably binary
        return False

    except Exception:
        # On any error, assume it's not text
        return False


def detect_media_type(file_path: Union[str, Path]) -> MediaType:
    """
    Detect the media type of a file based on its extension and content.

    Args:
        file_path: Path to the file

    Returns:
        MediaType enum value
    """
    path = Path(file_path)
    extension = path.suffix.lower().lstrip('.')

    # First check the known extension mappings
    if extension in FILE_TYPE_MAPPINGS:
        return FILE_TYPE_MAPPINGS[extension]

    # For unknown extensions, try to detect if it's a text file
    # This handles cases like .R, .Rmd, .ipynb, and any other text-based files
    if is_text_file(path):
        return MediaType.TEXT

    # Fall back to DOCUMENT for binary files with unknown extensions
    return MediaType.DOCUMENT


def get_all_supported_extensions() -> Dict[str, List[str]]:
    """
    Get all supported file extensions organized by media type.

    This function provides programmatic access to all file extensions
    that AbstractCore can process.

    Returns:
        Dictionary mapping media type names to lists of supported extensions.

    Example:
        >>> from abstractcore.media.types import get_all_supported_extensions
        >>> formats = get_all_supported_extensions()
        >>> print(f"Text formats: {len(formats['text'])} extensions")
        Text formats: 70+ extensions
        >>> print(formats['text'][:5])
        ['txt', 'md', 'markdown', 'csv', 'tsv']
    """
    result = {}
    for ext, media_type in FILE_TYPE_MAPPINGS.items():
        type_name = media_type.value
        if type_name not in result:
            result[type_name] = []
        result[type_name].append(ext)

    # Sort extensions within each type for consistency
    for type_name in result:
        result[type_name].sort()

    return result


def get_supported_extensions_by_type(media_type: MediaType) -> List[str]:
    """
    Get all supported file extensions for a specific media type.

    Args:
        media_type: The MediaType to query

    Returns:
        List of file extensions (without dots) supported for this type

    Example:
        >>> from abstractcore.media.types import get_supported_extensions_by_type, MediaType
        >>> text_exts = get_supported_extensions_by_type(MediaType.TEXT)
        >>> 'r' in text_exts  # R scripts
        True
        >>> 'ipynb' in text_exts  # Jupyter notebooks
        True
    """
    extensions = [ext for ext, mt in FILE_TYPE_MAPPINGS.items() if mt == media_type]
    return sorted(extensions)


def create_media_content(
    file_path: Union[str, Path],
    content_format: ContentFormat = ContentFormat.AUTO,
    mime_type: str = "auto"
) -> MediaContent:
    """
    Create a MediaContent object from a file path.

    Args:
        file_path: Path to the media file
        content_format: How to represent the content
        mime_type: MIME type of the content (auto-detected if "auto")

    Returns:
        MediaContent object
    """
    path = Path(file_path)

    if not path.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"File not found: {file_path}")

    media_type = detect_media_type(path)

    # Auto-select content format based on media type
    if content_format == ContentFormat.AUTO:
        if media_type in [MediaType.IMAGE, MediaType.AUDIO, MediaType.VIDEO]:
            content_format = ContentFormat.BASE64
        else:
            content_format = ContentFormat.TEXT

    # Read and encode content based on format
    if content_format == ContentFormat.BASE64:
        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
            content = base64.b64encode(f.read()).decode('utf-8')
    elif content_format == ContentFormat.TEXT:
        with open(path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            content = f.read()
    elif content_format == ContentFormat.FILE_PATH:
        content = str(path)
    else:
        with open(path, 'rb') as f:
            content = f.read()

    return MediaContent(
        media_type=media_type,
        content=content,
        content_format=content_format,
        mime_type=mime_type,
        file_path=str(path),
        metadata={
            'file_size': path.stat().st_size,
            'file_name': path.name,
            'file_extension': path.suffix
        }
    )
