---
title: "Prompts"
description: "Building prompt templates for AI model interactions"
icon: "message-square"
---

Prompts in MCP provide a way to create reusable, parameterized templates for AI model interactions. They enable standardized prompt generation with dynamic content based on user-provided arguments.

## Prompt Structure

Every prompt has three main components:

```typescript
server.prompt({
  name: 'prompt_name',              // Unique identifier
  description: 'What it generates',  // Clear description
  schema: z.object({...}),                 // Argument definitions
}, async (args) => {...}) // generator function
```

## Input Validation with Zod

Prompts use [Zod](https://zod.dev/) schemas for input validation. The server automatically validates inputs before calling your handler, so you can trust that the parameters match your schema.

```typescript
import { z } from "zod";

server.prompt(
  {
    name: "prompt_name",
    description: "What it generates",
    schema: z.object({
      topic: z.enum(["math", "science", "history"]),
      language: z.string().default("english"),
      ok: z.boolean(),
    }),
  },
  async ({ topic }) => {
    return {
      messages: [
        {
          role: "system",
          content: `You are a helpful assistant that can answer questions about ${topic}.`,
        },
      ],
    };
  }
);
```

<Tip>
  **Response Helpers**: Prompts support response helpers like `text()`,
  `object()`, and `mix()` for cleaner implementations. The server automatically
  converts them to the required `GetPromptResult` format. See [Response
  Helpers](./response-helpers) for the complete reference.
</Tip>

## Returning Prompt Content

Prompts can return content in two ways: manual message construction or using response helpers.

### Option 1: Manual Message Construction

The traditional approach uses the MCP message format directly:

```typescript
import { z } from "zod";

server.prompt(
  {
    name: "code_review",
    description: "Provides code review guidance",
    schema: z.object({
      language: z.string(),
      code: z.string(),
    }),
  },
  async ({ language, code }) => {
    return {
      messages: [
        {
          role: "system",
          content: `You are an expert ${language} developer. Review this code: ${code}`,
        },
      ],
    };
  }
);
```

### Option 2: Using Response Helpers

For cleaner code, use response helpers. The server automatically converts them to the proper message format:

```typescript
import { text, object, mix } from "mcp-use/server";
import { z } from "zod";

// Simple text prompt
server.prompt(
  {
    name: "greeting",
    description: "Generate a friendly greeting",
    schema: z.object({ name: z.string() }),
  },
  async ({ name }) => {
    return text(`Hello, ${name}! How can I assist you today?`);
  }
);

// Structured data prompt
server.prompt(
  {
    name: "user_context",
    description: "Provide user context information",
    schema: z.object({ userId: z.string() }),
  },
  async ({ userId }) => {
    const user = await fetchUser(userId);
    return object({
      userId: user.id,
      email: user.email,
      role: user.role,
      preferences: user.preferences,
    });
  }
);

// Mixed content prompt
server.prompt(
  {
    name: "documentation",
    description: "Generate documentation with examples",
    schema: z.object({ feature: z.string() }),
  },
  async ({ feature }) => {
    const docs = await generateDocs(feature);
    const examples = await getExamples(feature);

    return mix(
      text(`Documentation for ${feature}`),
      object({ description: docs.description }),
      text("Examples:"),
      object({ examples })
    );
  }
);
```

<Note>
  Response helpers automatically handle the conversion to `GetPromptResult`
  format. Use whichever approach fits your use case - both are fully supported.
</Note>

## Notifying Clients of Prompt Changes

When dynamically adding or removing prompts, notify clients to refresh their prompts cache:

```typescript
// Register a new prompt dynamically
server.prompt(
  {
    name: "new_prompt",
    description: "A dynamically added prompt",
    schema: z.object({ topic: z.string() }),
  },
  async ({ topic }) => ({
    messages: [{ role: "system", content: `Expert in ${topic}` }],
  })
);

// Notify all connected clients
await server.sendPromptsListChanged();
```

See [Notifications](./notifications) for more details.

## Prompt Arguments Autocomplete

Enable completion suggestions for prompt arguments using the `completable()` helper. Clients can request suggestions via the MCP `completion/complete` protocol method.

### List-Based Completion (Primitives)

For simple cases with a fixed list of values, pass an array directly:

```typescript Typescript highlight={8-11}
import { completable } from "mcp-use/server";
import { z } from "zod";

server.prompt(
  {
    name: "code-review",
    description: "Review code with language completion",
    schema: z.object({
      language: completable(z.string(), [
        "python",
        "javascript",
        "typescript",
        "java",
        "cpp",
      ]),
      code: z.string().describe("The code to review"),
    }),
  },
  async ({ language, code }) => {
    return {
      messages: [
        {
          role: "system",
          content: `Review this ${language} code: ${code}`,
        },
      ],
    };
  }
);
```

The list-based approach automatically filters suggestions based on case-insensitive prefix matching.

### Callback-Based Completion (Dynamic)

For dynamic or contextual completion, use a callback function:

```typescript Typescript highlight={5-15}
server.prompt(
  {
    name: "analyze-project",
    description: "Analyze a project with dynamic completion",
    schema: z.object({
      projectId: completable(z.string(), async (value, context) => {
        // Access other argument values via context
        const userId = context?.arguments?.userId;
        const projects = await fetchUserProjects(userId);
        return projects.filter((p) => p.id.startsWith(value)).map((p) => p.id);
      }),
    }),
  },
  async ({ projectId }) => {
    return {
      messages: [
        {
          role: "system",
          content: `Analyzing project ${projectId}...`,
        },
      ],
    };
  }
);
```

The callback receives the current input value and optional context containing other argument values.

**Note**: List-based completion works best for primitive types (string, number, enum). For complex types or custom logic, use the callback-based approach.

## Next Steps

- [Tools Guide](./tools) - Building executable tools
- [Resources Guide](./resources) - Managing content
- [API Reference](/typescript/server/index#mcpserver-api-reference) - Complete API documentation
- [Examples](./examples) - Real-world implementations
