# Business Strategy References

## Overview

This document provides comprehensive references for the Business Strategy specialization, including academic sources, consulting firm methodologies, industry publications, professional organizations, and online resources for strategic planning, competitive analysis, market positioning, growth strategies, and corporate strategy.

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## Academic Sources

### Foundational Strategy Texts

#### Competitive Strategy and Industry Analysis

1. **Porter, M.E. (1980). Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors. Free Press.**
   - Foundational text introducing Five Forces framework
   - Generic competitive strategies (cost leadership, differentiation, focus)
   - Industry structure analysis methodology
   - ISBN: 978-0684841489

2. **Porter, M.E. (1985). Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. Free Press.**
   - Value chain analysis framework
   - Sources of competitive advantage
   - Differentiation and cost advantage strategies
   - ISBN: 978-0684841465

3. **Porter, M.E. (1998). On Competition. Harvard Business Review Press.**
   - Compilation of Porter's seminal HBR articles
   - Cluster theory and competitive advantage of nations
   - Strategy and the Internet
   - ISBN: 978-0875847955

#### Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities

4. **Barney, J.B. (1991). "Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage." Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.**
   - VRIN framework for resource analysis
   - Resource-based theory of competitive advantage
   - DOI: 10.1177/014920639101700108

5. **Barney, J.B. & Hesterly, W.S. (2018). Strategic Management and Competitive Advantage: Concepts and Cases (6th ed.). Pearson.**
   - Comprehensive strategic management textbook
   - VRIO framework extension
   - ISBN: 978-0134741147

6. **Teece, D.J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). "Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management." Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509-533.**
   - Foundation of dynamic capabilities theory
   - Sensing, seizing, and transforming framework
   - DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z

7. **Teece, D.J. (2009). Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management: Organizing for Innovation and Growth. Oxford University Press.**
   - Comprehensive treatment of dynamic capabilities
   - Applications to innovation and growth
   - ISBN: 978-0199691906

#### Strategic Planning and Management

8. **Mintzberg, H. (1994). The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning. Free Press.**
   - Critique of formal strategic planning
   - Emergent vs. deliberate strategy
   - ISBN: 978-0029216057

9. **Mintzberg, H., Ahlstrand, B., & Lampel, J. (2009). Strategy Safari: A Guided Tour Through the Wilds of Strategic Management (2nd ed.). Free Press.**
   - Ten schools of strategic thought
   - Comprehensive strategy theory overview
   - ISBN: 978-0743270571

10. **Rumelt, R.P. (2011). Good Strategy Bad Strategy: The Difference and Why It Matters. Crown Business.**
    - Kernel of good strategy
    - Common strategy mistakes
    - ISBN: 978-0307886231

11. **Kaplan, R.S. & Norton, D.P. (1996). The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Balanced Scorecard framework
    - Strategy execution methodology
    - ISBN: 978-0875846514

12. **Kaplan, R.S. & Norton, D.P. (2004). Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Visual strategy representation
    - Cause-and-effect linkages in strategy
    - ISBN: 978-1591391340

#### Blue Ocean Strategy

13. **Kim, W.C. & Mauborgne, R. (2015). Blue Ocean Strategy, Expanded Edition: How to Create Uncontested Market Space and Make the Competition Irrelevant. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Value innovation concept
    - Four Actions Framework
    - Strategy Canvas methodology
    - ISBN: 978-1625274496

14. **Kim, W.C. & Mauborgne, R. (2017). Blue Ocean Shift: Beyond Competing. Hachette Books.**
    - Practical implementation of Blue Ocean Strategy
    - Humanness in the strategy process
    - ISBN: 978-0316314046

#### Corporate Strategy and Diversification

15. **Collis, D.J. & Montgomery, C.A. (2005). Corporate Strategy: A Resource-Based Approach (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.**
    - Corporate-level strategy frameworks
    - Parenting advantage concept
    - ISBN: 978-0072949469

16. **Goold, M., Campbell, A., & Alexander, M. (1994). Corporate-Level Strategy: Creating Value in the Multibusiness Company. Wiley.**
    - Parenting advantage framework
    - Portfolio management strategies
    - ISBN: 978-0471047162

17. **Prahalad, C.K. & Hamel, G. (1990). "The Core Competence of the Corporation." Harvard Business Review, 68(3), 79-91.**
    - Core competence concept
    - Strategic architecture
    - ISSN: 0017-8012

#### Growth Strategy

18. **Ansoff, H.I. (1957). "Strategies for Diversification." Harvard Business Review, 35(5), 113-124.**
    - Ansoff Matrix original publication
    - Product-market growth strategies
    - ISSN: 0017-8012

19. **Christensen, C.M. (1997). The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Disruptive innovation theory
    - Growth strategy implications
    - ISBN: 978-1633691780

20. **Christensen, C.M. & Raynor, M.E. (2003). The Innovator's Solution: Creating and Sustaining Successful Growth. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Jobs-to-be-done framework
    - Growth strategy applications
    - ISBN: 978-1578518524

### Game Theory and Strategic Interaction

21. **Brandenburger, A.M. & Nalebuff, B.J. (1996). Co-opetition. Currency Doubleday.**
    - Value net framework
    - Game theory in business strategy
    - ISBN: 978-0385479509

22. **Dixit, A.K. & Nalebuff, B.J. (2008). The Art of Strategy: A Game Theorist's Guide to Success in Business and Life. W.W. Norton.**
    - Game theory applications to strategy
    - Commitment and credibility
    - ISBN: 978-0393337174

### Platform and Ecosystem Strategy

23. **Parker, G.G., Van Alstyne, M.W., & Choudary, S.P. (2016). Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets Are Transforming the Economy. W.W. Norton.**
    - Platform business models
    - Network effects and strategy
    - ISBN: 978-0393249132

24. **Adner, R. (2012). The Wide Lens: A New Strategy for Innovation. Portfolio.**
    - Ecosystem strategy framework
    - Innovation risk assessment
    - ISBN: 978-1591844600

25. **Iansiti, M. & Levien, R. (2004). The Keystone Advantage: What the New Dynamics of Business Ecosystems Mean for Strategy, Innovation, and Sustainability. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Business ecosystem strategies
    - Keystone and niche strategies
    - ISBN: 978-1591393078

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## Consulting Firm Methodologies

### McKinsey & Company

26. **McKinsey & Company. "Strategic Planning Toolkit."**
    - McKinsey 7S Framework
    - Three Horizons of Growth
    - Nine-Box Matrix (GE-McKinsey)
    - URL: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance

27. **Coyne, K.P. & Subramaniam, S. (1996). "Bringing Discipline to Strategy." McKinsey Quarterly.**
    - Strategy development process
    - Strategic logic testing

28. **McKinsey & Company. "Strategy to Beat the Odds."**
    - Big moves strategy framework
    - Empirical strategy research
    - URL: https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/strategy-to-beat-the-odds

29. **McKinsey Global Institute Research Publications**
    - Industry and economic trend analysis
    - Technology and disruption reports
    - URL: https://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/overview

### Boston Consulting Group (BCG)

30. **BCG Henderson Institute. "BCG Classics Revisited: The Growth Share Matrix."**
    - BCG Matrix methodology
    - Portfolio management applications
    - URL: https://www.bcg.com/publications/2014/growth-share-matrix-bcg-classics-revisited

31. **BCG. "Strategy in an Uncertain World."**
    - Adaptive strategy frameworks
    - Strategic resilience
    - URL: https://www.bcg.com/capabilities/strategy

32. **Reeves, M., Haanaes, K., & Sinha, J. (2015). Your Strategy Needs a Strategy: How to Choose and Execute the Right Approach. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Strategy palette framework
    - Contextual strategy selection
    - ISBN: 978-1625275868

33. **BCG. "Experience Curve and Cost Analysis."**
    - Experience curve economics
    - Cost position analysis
    - URL: https://www.bcg.com/about/overview/our-history/experience-curve

### Bain & Company

34. **Bain & Company. "Strategy and Planning."**
    - Full potential analysis
    - Strategic decision making
    - URL: https://www.bain.com/consulting-services/strategy/

35. **Zook, C. & Allen, J. (2001). Profit from the Core: Growth Strategy in an Era of Turbulence. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Core business focus
    - Adjacency strategy
    - ISBN: 978-1578512300

36. **Zook, C. & Allen, J. (2012). Repeatability: Build Enduring Businesses for a World of Constant Change. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Repeatable business models
    - Differentiation sustainability
    - ISBN: 978-1422143308

37. **Bain & Company. "The Great Repeatable Models."**
    - Sustainable competitive advantage
    - Business model replication
    - URL: https://www.bain.com/insights/management-tools-great-repeatable-models

### Deloitte

38. **Deloitte Monitor Institute. "Strategic Resilience."**
    - Future-ready strategy frameworks
    - Scenario-based planning
    - URL: https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/strategy/topics/strategy-consulting.html

39. **Deloitte. "Strategic M&A and Portfolio Strategy."**
    - Merger integration strategy
    - Portfolio optimization
    - URL: https://www2.deloitte.com/us/en/pages/mergers-and-acquisitions/topics/mergers-and-acquisitions.html

### PwC Strategy& (formerly Booz & Company)

40. **PwC Strategy&. "Capabilities-Driven Strategy."**
    - Coherence premium concept
    - Distinctive capabilities
    - URL: https://www.strategyand.pwc.com/capabilities

41. **Leinwand, P. & Mainardi, C. (2016). Strategy That Works: How Winning Companies Close the Strategy-to-Execution Gap. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Strategy-execution integration
    - Capabilities system
    - ISBN: 978-1625275202

### Kearney (formerly A.T. Kearney)

42. **Kearney. "Strategic Planning and Operations Excellence."**
    - Operations strategy integration
    - Supply chain strategy
    - URL: https://www.kearney.com/operations-performance-transformation

### Roland Berger

43. **Roland Berger. "Corporate Strategy and Transformation."**
    - European strategy perspectives
    - Industry transformation
    - URL: https://www.rolandberger.com/en/Expertise/Corporate-Strategy-Transformation/

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## Industry Publications and Journals

### Harvard Business Review

44. **Harvard Business Review**
    - Premier business strategy publication
    - Practitioner-focused research
    - URL: https://hbr.org/
    - ISSN: 0017-8012

#### Key HBR Strategy Articles:

45. **Porter, M.E. (1996). "What Is Strategy?" Harvard Business Review, 74(6), 61-78.**
    - Operational effectiveness vs. strategy
    - Strategic positioning
    - Activity system concept

46. **Hamel, G. & Prahalad, C.K. (1989). "Strategic Intent." Harvard Business Review, 67(3), 63-76.**
    - Strategic intent concept
    - Strategy as stretch

47. **Collis, D.J. & Rukstad, M.G. (2008). "Can You Say What Your Strategy Is?" Harvard Business Review, 86(4), 82-90.**
    - Strategy statement framework
    - Communicating strategy

48. **Kaplan, R.S. & Norton, D.P. (2008). "Mastering the Management System." Harvard Business Review, 86(1), 62-77.**
    - Strategy execution system
    - Closed-loop management

49. **Lafley, A.G. & Martin, R.L. (2013). "Playing to Win." Harvard Business Review, 91(1-2), 62-70.**
    - Strategy choice cascade
    - Five essential questions

### Strategic Management Journal

50. **Strategic Management Journal**
    - Leading academic strategy journal
    - Rigorous empirical research
    - URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10970266
    - ISSN: 0143-2095

### Academy of Management Publications

51. **Academy of Management Review**
    - Theoretical strategy research
    - URL: https://journals.aom.org/journal/amr
    - ISSN: 0363-7425

52. **Academy of Management Journal**
    - Empirical management research
    - URL: https://journals.aom.org/journal/amj
    - ISSN: 0001-4273

### MIT Sloan Management Review

53. **MIT Sloan Management Review**
    - Research-based management insights
    - Digital strategy focus
    - URL: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/
    - ISSN: 1532-9194

### California Management Review

54. **California Management Review**
    - Strategy and innovation research
    - URL: https://cmr.berkeley.edu/
    - ISSN: 0008-1256

### Long Range Planning

55. **Long Range Planning**
    - Strategic planning research
    - URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/long-range-planning
    - ISSN: 0024-6301

### McKinsey Quarterly

56. **McKinsey Quarterly**
    - Applied strategy research
    - Industry analysis
    - URL: https://www.mckinsey.com/quarterly/overview
    - ISSN: 0047-5394

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## Professional Organizations

### Strategic Management Society (SMS)

57. **Strategic Management Society**
    - Leading strategy academic organization
    - Annual conference and publications
    - URL: https://www.strategicmanagement.net/

### Association for Strategic Planning (ASP)

58. **Association for Strategic Planning**
    - Strategic planning practitioners
    - Certification programs
    - URL: https://www.strategyplus.org/

### Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness (Harvard)

59. **Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness**
    - Michael Porter's research institute
    - Cluster mapping project
    - URL: https://www.isc.hbs.edu/

### Strategic and Competitive Intelligence Professionals (SCIP)

60. **Strategic and Competitive Intelligence Professionals**
    - Competitive intelligence community
    - Best practices and certification
    - URL: https://www.scip.org/

### The Conference Board

61. **The Conference Board**
    - Business membership and research organization
    - Economic and strategy insights
    - URL: https://www.conference-board.org/

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## Online Resources and Databases

### Strategy Tools and Frameworks

62. **Harvard Business School Online - Strategy Courses**
    - Online strategy education
    - Case study methodology
    - URL: https://online.hbs.edu/subjects/strategy/

63. **MIT OpenCourseWare - Strategic Management**
    - Free strategy course materials
    - Academic curriculum
    - URL: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/

64. **Coursera - Strategic Management Specializations**
    - University-partnered strategy courses
    - Professional certificates
    - URL: https://www.coursera.org/browse/business/business-strategy

65. **INSEAD Knowledge - Strategy Articles**
    - Research-based strategy insights
    - Blue Ocean Strategy Institute
    - URL: https://knowledge.insead.edu/strategy

### Industry and Market Data

66. **IBISWorld**
    - Industry research reports
    - Competitive landscape analysis
    - URL: https://www.ibisworld.com/

67. **Statista**
    - Market statistics and forecasts
    - Industry benchmarking
    - URL: https://www.statista.com/

68. **S&P Capital IQ**
    - Financial and competitive intelligence
    - M&A data
    - URL: https://www.capitaliq.com/

69. **PitchBook**
    - Private market data
    - VC and PE activity
    - URL: https://pitchbook.com/

70. **Bloomberg Terminal**
    - Financial data and analysis
    - Industry and company research
    - URL: https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/solution/bloomberg-terminal/

### Competitive Intelligence Sources

71. **CB Insights**
    - Technology market intelligence
    - Emerging company tracking
    - URL: https://www.cbinsights.com/

72. **Crunchbase**
    - Startup and venture data
    - Company information
    - URL: https://www.crunchbase.com/

73. **Gartner**
    - Technology market research
    - Magic Quadrant analyses
    - URL: https://www.gartner.com/

74. **Forrester**
    - Technology and business research
    - Wave reports
    - URL: https://www.forrester.com/

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## Books - Additional Strategic Management Texts

### Strategy Execution

75. **Bossidy, L. & Charan, R. (2002). Execution: The Discipline of Getting Things Done. Crown Business.**
    - Strategy execution framework
    - Leadership and accountability
    - ISBN: 978-0609610572

76. **Sull, D.N. & Eisenhardt, K.M. (2015). Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a Complex World. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.**
    - Strategy simplification
    - Decision-making rules
    - ISBN: 978-0544409064

77. **Liker, J.K. (2004). The Toyota Way: 14 Management Principles from the World's Greatest Manufacturer. McGraw-Hill.**
    - Hoshin Kanri implementation
    - Operational strategy
    - ISBN: 978-0071392310

### Strategy and Innovation

78. **Moore, G.A. (2014). Crossing the Chasm (3rd ed.). Harper Business.**
    - Technology adoption lifecycle
    - Market development strategy
    - ISBN: 978-0062292988

79. **Ries, E. (2011). The Lean Startup: How Today's Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. Crown Business.**
    - Lean strategy methodology
    - Build-measure-learn framework
    - ISBN: 978-0307887894

80. **Osterwalder, A. & Pigneur, Y. (2010). Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers. Wiley.**
    - Business Model Canvas
    - Strategy and business model integration
    - ISBN: 978-0470876411

### Strategy Communication

81. **Lafley, A.G. & Martin, R.L. (2013). Playing to Win: How Strategy Really Works. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Strategy choice cascade
    - Where-to-play and how-to-win
    - ISBN: 978-1422187395

82. **Martin, R.L. (2022). A New Way to Think: Your Guide to Superior Management Effectiveness. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Modern strategy thinking
    - Mental models for strategy
    - ISBN: 978-1647823511

### Industry-Specific Strategy

83. **McGrath, R.G. (2013). The End of Competitive Advantage: How to Keep Your Strategy Moving as Fast as Your Business. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Transient competitive advantage
    - Strategy in dynamic environments
    - ISBN: 978-1422172810

84. **Davenport, T.H. & Harris, J.G. (2007). Competing on Analytics: The New Science of Winning. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Data-driven strategy
    - Analytics as competitive advantage
    - ISBN: 978-1422103326

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## Case Study Collections

### Harvard Business School Cases

85. **Harvard Business Publishing - Strategy Cases**
    - Comprehensive strategy case library
    - Teaching notes and analysis
    - URL: https://hbsp.harvard.edu/cases/

### INSEAD Case Studies

86. **INSEAD Case Publishing**
    - Global business strategy cases
    - URL: https://www.insead.edu/faculty-research/case-studies

### Stanford Graduate School of Business

87. **Stanford GSB Case Collection**
    - Technology and innovation strategy
    - URL: https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/case-studies

### Ivey Business School

88. **Ivey Publishing**
    - Canadian and international cases
    - URL: https://www.iveypublishing.ca/

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## Government and Non-Profit Strategy Resources

### World Economic Forum

89. **World Economic Forum - Strategic Intelligence**
    - Global trend analysis
    - Industry transformation maps
    - URL: https://intelligence.weforum.org/

### OECD

90. **OECD - Economic Outlook and Analysis**
    - Economic policy analysis
    - Industry studies
    - URL: https://www.oecd.org/

### National Bureau of Economic Research

91. **NBER Working Papers**
    - Economic research
    - Industry and firm studies
    - URL: https://www.nber.org/

---

## Digital Strategy Resources

### Digital Transformation Strategy

92. **MIT Center for Digital Business**
    - Digital business models
    - Technology strategy
    - URL: https://cisr.mit.edu/

93. **Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & McAfee, A. (2014). Leading Digital: Turning Technology into Business Transformation. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - Digital transformation strategy
    - Digital mastery framework
    - ISBN: 978-1625272478

### AI and Strategy

94. **Agrawal, A., Gans, J., & Goldfarb, A. (2018). Prediction Machines: The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - AI strategy implications
    - Prediction economics
    - ISBN: 978-1633695672

95. **Iansiti, M. & Lakhani, K.R. (2020). Competing in the Age of AI: Strategy and Leadership When Algorithms and Networks Run the World. Harvard Business Review Press.**
    - AI-first strategy
    - Operating model transformation
    - ISBN: 978-1633697621

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## Podcasts and Media

96. **HBR IdeaCast**
    - Strategy and management discussions
    - URL: https://hbr.org/2018/01/podcast-ideacast

97. **McKinsey Podcast**
    - Strategy and business insights
    - URL: https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-podcast

98. **Strategy Skills Podcast**
    - Consulting career and strategy
    - URL: https://www.firmsconsulting.com/podcast

99. **Masters of Scale (Reid Hoffman)**
    - Growth strategy from entrepreneurs
    - URL: https://mastersofscale.com/

100. **Acquired Podcast**
    - Business and strategy case studies
    - URL: https://www.acquired.fm/

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## Reference Categories Summary

| Category | Count | Description |
|----------|-------|-------------|
| Academic Sources - Foundational Strategy | 14 | Core strategy textbooks and seminal articles |
| Academic Sources - Game Theory | 2 | Strategic interaction and game theory |
| Academic Sources - Platform Strategy | 3 | Platform and ecosystem strategy |
| Consulting Firm Methodologies | 18 | Major consulting firm frameworks and publications |
| Industry Publications and Journals | 13 | Academic journals and business publications |
| Professional Organizations | 5 | Strategy professional associations |
| Online Resources and Databases | 13 | Digital tools, courses, and data sources |
| Books - Additional Texts | 10 | Supplementary strategy management books |
| Case Study Collections | 4 | Business case study repositories |
| Government and Non-Profit | 3 | Public sector strategy resources |
| Digital Strategy Resources | 4 | Digital transformation and AI strategy |
| Podcasts and Media | 5 | Audio and multimedia strategy content |

**Total References: 100**

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## Usage Guidelines

### Reference Selection Criteria

When selecting references for strategic analysis:

1. **Relevance**: Match reference to specific strategic question or framework needed
2. **Recency**: Prioritize recent publications for dynamic topics; classics for foundational concepts
3. **Rigor**: Academic sources for theoretical grounding; practitioner sources for application
4. **Context**: Industry-specific vs. general strategy frameworks
5. **Accessibility**: Consider audience familiarity with source material

### Citation Best Practices

- Academic papers: Use APA or Chicago style
- Business publications: Include publication date and URL for online sources
- Consulting frameworks: Attribute methodology to originating firm
- Case studies: Include case number and teaching note references

### Recommended Reading Paths

**For Strategic Planning Beginners:**
1. Start with Rumelt (2011) - Good Strategy Bad Strategy
2. Progress to Lafley & Martin (2013) - Playing to Win
3. Add Porter (1980, 1985) for foundational frameworks

**For Competitive Analysis:**
1. Porter (1980) - Competitive Strategy
2. Brandenburger & Nalebuff (1996) - Co-opetition
3. BCG and McKinsey competitive analysis frameworks

**For Growth Strategy:**
1. Christensen (1997, 2003) - Innovation and growth
2. Kim & Mauborgne (2015) - Blue Ocean Strategy
3. Zook & Allen (2001) - Profit from the Core

**For Corporate Strategy:**
1. Collis & Montgomery (2005) - Corporate Strategy
2. Goold, Campbell & Alexander (1994) - Corporate-Level Strategy
3. Prahalad & Hamel (1990) - Core Competence

**For Digital Strategy:**
1. Westerman et al. (2014) - Leading Digital
2. Iansiti & Lakhani (2020) - Competing in the Age of AI
3. Parker et al. (2016) - Platform Revolution

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## Version History

| Version | Date | Changes |
|---------|------|---------|
| 1.0 | 2024-01-23 | Initial reference compilation - Phase 1 |

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## Contributing

To suggest additional references for this specialization:
1. Ensure the reference meets quality and relevance criteria
2. Provide complete citation information
3. Include category classification
4. Add brief description of reference value
