# Nanotechnology - References

## Academic Papers and Research

1. **What is Nanotechnology? A Comprehensive Introduction**
   - https://www.nano.gov/about-nanotechnology
   - National Nanotechnology Initiative overview and definitions

2. **Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies: Opportunities and Uncertainties**
   - https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/publications/2004/nanoscience-nanotechnologies/
   - Royal Society comprehensive report on nanotechnology

3. **Nanoparticle synthesis methods: A comprehensive review**
   - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352507X21000336
   - Overview of nanoparticle fabrication techniques

4. **The emergence of nanotoxicology**
   - https://www.nature.com/articles/nnano.2007.44
   - Foundational paper on nanomaterial safety

5. **Quantum dots for live cell and in vivo imaging**
   - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1748013211001143
   - Quantum dot applications in bioimaging

6. **Carbon nanotubes: properties and application**
   - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927796X05001178
   - Comprehensive review of CNT properties and uses

7. **Graphene: Synthesis, characterization, and applications**
   - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr8003917
   - Review of graphene fundamentals

8. **Lipid nanoparticles for nucleic acid delivery**
   - https://www.nature.com/articles/nrd.2017.243
   - LNP technology for drug delivery

9. **Plasmonic nanostructures: from plasmonics to applications**
   - https://www.nature.com/articles/nmat3151
   - Plasmonic nanomaterial applications

10. **Self-assembly of nanoparticles**
    - https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-physchem-040214-121118
    - Self-assembly mechanisms and strategies

## Industry Standards and Frameworks

### Nanomaterial Characterization Standards

11. **ISO/TS 80004: Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary**
    - https://www.iso.org/standard/68058.html
    - International terminology standards for nanotechnology

12. **ISO/TR 13014: Nanotechnologies - Guidance on physicochemical characterization**
    - https://www.iso.org/standard/52334.html
    - Guidelines for nanomaterial characterization

13. **ASTM E2456: Standard Terminology Relating to Nanotechnology**
    - https://www.astm.org/e2456-06r20.html
    - ASTM nanotechnology terminology

14. **NIST Nanotechnology Standards**
    - https://www.nist.gov/nanotechnology/nist-nanotechnology-standards
    - NIST measurement standards and protocols

15. **OECD Guidelines for Testing of Manufactured Nanomaterials**
    - https://www.oecd.org/science/nanotechnology/testing-nanomaterials/
    - International testing guidelines

### Safety and Regulatory Standards

16. **ISO/TR 12885: Nanotechnologies - Health and safety practices**
    - https://www.iso.org/standard/67446.html
    - Occupational health and safety guidelines

17. **NIOSH Nanotechnology Research**
    - https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/nanotech/
    - Occupational safety guidance for nanomaterials

18. **FDA Guidance for Nanotechnology**
    - https://www.fda.gov/science-research/nanotechnology-programs-fda/nanotechnology-guidance-documents
    - Regulatory guidance for nanomedicine and nano-enabled products

19. **REACH Nanomaterial Regulation (EU)**
    - https://ec.europa.eu/environment/chemicals/nanotech/faq/definition_en.htm
    - European Union nanomaterial regulations

20. **EPA Nanotechnology White Paper**
    - https://www.epa.gov/chemical-research/nanotechnology-white-paper
    - Environmental protection guidelines

## Best Practices and Methodologies

### Synthesis Methodologies

21. **Colloidal Nanoparticle Synthesis: A Best Practices Guide**
    - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c00095
    - Best practices for nanoparticle synthesis

22. **Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) for nanotechnology**
    - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/chemical-vapor-deposition
    - CVD fundamentals and applications

23. **Atomic Layer Deposition: An Overview**
    - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/cr900056b
    - ALD process fundamentals and applications

24. **Sol-Gel Synthesis of Nanoparticles**
    - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/sol-gel-process
    - Sol-gel methodology overview

25. **Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials**
    - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2019.00187/full
    - Environmentally friendly synthesis approaches

### Characterization Methodologies

26. **Electron Microscopy of Nanomaterials**
    - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/transmission-electron-microscopy
    - TEM and STEM techniques for nanomaterials

27. **Scanning Probe Microscopy for Nanoscience**
    - https://www.nature.com/articles/nnano.2007.300
    - SPM techniques overview

28. **Dynamic Light Scattering for Nanoparticle Sizing**
    - https://www.malvernpanalytical.com/en/products/technology/light-scattering/dynamic-light-scattering
    - DLS measurement principles

29. **X-ray Techniques for Nanomaterial Characterization**
    - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/x-ray-diffraction-analysis
    - XRD and XPS for nanomaterials

30. **Raman Spectroscopy of Nanomaterials**
    - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/cs/c9cs00621d
    - Raman techniques for nano characterization

## Key Tools and Technologies

### Synthesis Equipment and Methods

31. **Schlenk Line Techniques**
    - https://www.chem.ucla.edu/~webspectra/schlenk/schlenk.html
    - Air-free synthesis methods

32. **Hydrothermal and Solvothermal Synthesis**
    - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/hydrothermal-synthesis
    - High-pressure synthesis methods

33. **Electrochemical Synthesis Methods**
    - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00421
    - Electrochemical fabrication of nanomaterials

34. **Plasma-Based Nanomaterial Synthesis**
    - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3727/44/17/174009
    - Plasma synthesis techniques

35. **Microfluidic Nanoparticle Synthesis**
    - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211339816300442
    - Continuous flow synthesis methods

### Nanofabrication Tools

36. **Electron Beam Lithography**
    - https://www.raith.com/technology/e-beam-lithography/
    - High-resolution patterning technology

37. **Nanoimprint Lithography**
    - https://nanoscience.com/techniques/nanoimprint-lithography/
    - NIL fundamentals and applications

38. **Focused Ion Beam (FIB) Systems**
    - https://www.fei.com/technologies/focused-ion-beam/
    - FIB milling and modification

39. **Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE)**
    - https://www.veeco.com/products/mbe-systems
    - Epitaxial growth at atomic precision

40. **Block Copolymer Lithography**
    - https://www.nature.com/articles/nmat2898
    - Self-assembly for nanopatterning

### Characterization Instruments

41. **Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)**
    - https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/electron-microscopy/products/transmission-electron-microscopes.html
    - High-resolution electron microscopy

42. **Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)**
    - https://www.jeol.com/products/scientific/sem/
    - Surface imaging and analysis

43. **Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)**
    - https://www.bruker.com/en/products-and-solutions/microscopes/materials-afm.html
    - Nanoscale surface characterization

44. **Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM)**
    - https://www.specs-group.com/nc/stm.html
    - Atomic resolution surface imaging

45. **X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS)**
    - https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/industrial/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis/spectroscopy-elemental-isotope-analysis-learning-center/electron-spectroscopy-information/xps-technology.html
    - Surface chemical analysis

46. **Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)**
    - https://www.malvernpanalytical.com/en/products/product-range/zetasizer-range
    - Particle sizing and zeta potential

47. **Raman Spectroscopy Systems**
    - https://www.horiba.com/gbr/scientific/products/raman-spectroscopy/
    - Molecular characterization

### Computational Tools

48. **VASP (Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package)**
    - https://www.vasp.at/
    - DFT calculations for materials

49. **Gaussian**
    - https://gaussian.com/
    - Quantum chemistry calculations

50. **LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator)**
    - https://www.lammps.org/
    - Molecular dynamics simulations

51. **Quantum ESPRESSO**
    - https://www.quantum-espresso.org/
    - Open-source DFT package

52. **Materials Studio**
    - https://www.3ds.com/products-services/biovia/products/molecular-modeling-simulation/biovia-materials-studio/
    - Materials simulation software

53. **COMSOL Multiphysics**
    - https://www.comsol.com/
    - Multiscale modeling platform

54. **GROMACS**
    - https://www.gromacs.org/
    - Molecular dynamics for biomolecules

55. **Avogadro**
    - https://avogadro.cc/
    - Molecular visualization and editing

### Data Analysis and Imaging

56. **ImageJ/Fiji**
    - https://imagej.net/software/fiji/
    - Image analysis for microscopy

57. **DigitalMicrograph (Gatan)**
    - https://www.gatan.com/products/tem-analysis/digitalmicrograph-software
    - TEM image analysis

58. **VESTA**
    - https://jp-minerals.org/vesta/en/
    - Crystal structure visualization

59. **CrystalMaker**
    - https://www.crystalmaker.com/
    - Crystallographic visualization

60. **Origin**
    - https://www.originlab.com/
    - Data analysis and graphing

## Books and Learning Resources

### Foundational Books

61. **"Nanotechnology: Understanding Small Systems" by Rogers, Pennathur, and Adams**
    - https://www.routledge.com/Nanotechnology-Understanding-Small-Systems/Rogers-Pennathur-Adams/p/book/9781138063150
    - Comprehensive introduction to nanotechnology

62. **"Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology" by Hornyak et al.**
    - https://www.routledge.com/Introduction-to-Nanoscience-and-Nanotechnology/Hornyak-Tibbals-Dutta-Moore/p/book/9781420047790
    - Broad nanotechnology overview

63. **"Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry" edited by Klabunde and Richards**
    - https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Nanoscale+Materials+in+Chemistry%2C+2nd+Edition-p-9780470222706
    - Chemistry focus on nanomaterials

64. **"Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the Next Big Idea" by Ratner and Ratner**
    - https://pearson.com/nanotechnology
    - Accessible introduction for general readers

65. **"Quantum Dots: Fundamentals, Applications, and Frontiers" edited by Joyce et al.**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781402032915
    - Quantum dot science and applications

66. **"Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications" edited by Dresselhaus et al.**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783540728641
    - Comprehensive CNT reference

67. **"Handbook of Nanophase and Nanostructured Materials" edited by Wang et al.**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780306467394
    - Multi-volume nanomaterials reference

68. **"Nanostructures and Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications" by Cao and Wang**
    - https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/7885
    - Synthesis and characterization fundamentals

### Specialized Topics

69. **"Nanomedicine: Design and Applications of Magnetic Nanomaterials, Nanosensors and Nanosystems" by Kuznetsov**
    - https://www.elsevier.com/books/nanomedicine/kuznetsov/978-0-12-804396-8
    - Magnetic nanomaterials for medicine

70. **"Lipid Nanoparticles: Production, Characterization and Stability" edited by Souto**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319101736
    - LNP technology reference

71. **"Nanofabrication: Principles, Capabilities and Limits" by Cui**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030011356
    - Nanofabrication fundamentals

72. **"Scanning Probe Microscopy in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology" edited by Bhushan**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642030345
    - SPM techniques comprehensive guide

73. **"Electron Microscopy of Nanotubes" edited by Wang and Hui**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9780792379454
    - TEM of carbon nanostructures

74. **"Self-Assembly: The Science of Things That Put Themselves Together" by Pelesko**
    - https://www.routledge.com/Self-Assembly-The-Science-of-Things-That-Put-Themselves-Together/Pelesko/p/book/9781584886884
    - Self-assembly fundamentals

75. **"Computational Nanotechnology" edited by Rieth and Schommers**
    - https://www.aspbooks.com/isbn/1-58883-028-X
    - Computational methods for nanotechnology

76. **"Environmental Nanotechnology" edited by Fulekar**
    - https://www.routledge.com/Environmental-Nanotechnology/Fulekar/p/book/9781439831274
    - Environmental applications and implications

77. **"Nanotoxicology: Toxicity of Nanomaterials" edited by Donaldson**
    - https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Nanotoxicology
    - Nanomaterial safety and toxicology

78. **"Principles of Nanomagnetism" by Guimaraes**
    - https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783540778646
    - Magnetic nanostructure fundamentals

### Online Courses and Tutorials

79. **MIT OpenCourseWare - Introduction to Nanotechnology**
    - https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/materials-science-and-engineering/3-052-nanomechanics-of-materials-and-biomaterials-spring-2007/
    - University-level nanotechnology course

80. **Coursera - Nanotechnology Specialization (Duke University)**
    - https://www.coursera.org/specializations/nanotechnology
    - Comprehensive nanotechnology courses

81. **edX - Nanotechnology Courses**
    - https://www.edx.org/learn/nanotechnology
    - Various nanotechnology courses

82. **Nature Masterclasses - Scientific Writing**
    - https://masterclasses.nature.com/
    - Scientific communication training

83. **MOOC List - Nanotechnology Courses**
    - https://www.mooc-list.com/tags/nanotechnology
    - Aggregated nanotechnology MOOCs

84. **MIT OpenCourseWare - Nanostructure Fabrication**
    - https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-781j-submicrometer-and-nanometer-technology-spring-2006/
    - Nanofabrication course

85. **Rice University - ENGI 129 Introduction to Nanotechnology**
    - https://online.rice.edu/
    - Nanotechnology fundamentals

## Community Resources and Forums

### Professional Organizations

86. **American Chemical Society - Nanoscience**
    - https://pubs.acs.org/journal/ancac3
    - ACS Nano journal and resources

87. **Materials Research Society (MRS)**
    - https://www.mrs.org/
    - Materials and nanotechnology community

88. **IEEE Nanotechnology Council**
    - https://ieeenano.org/
    - IEEE nanotechnology society

89. **American Physical Society - Division of Materials Physics**
    - https://engage.aps.org/dmp/home
    - Physics nanotechnology community

90. **Royal Society of Chemistry - Nanoscale**
    - https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/about-journals/nanoscale/
    - RSC nanoscience journal and resources

### Conferences and Events

91. **MRS Fall/Spring Meetings**
    - https://www.mrs.org/meetings-events
    - Premier materials research conferences

92. **ACS National Meetings**
    - https://www.acs.org/meetings.html
    - Chemistry and nanoscience conferences

93. **IEEE NANO**
    - https://ieeenano.org/conferences/
    - Annual nanotechnology conference

94. **AVS International Symposium**
    - https://www.avs.org/
    - Vacuum science and thin films conference

95. **TNT (Trends in Nanotechnology)**
    - https://www.tntconf.org/
    - International nanotechnology conference

96. **NanoTech Conference**
    - https://www.techconnectworld.com/Nanotech/
    - Industry-focused nanotechnology conference

97. **International Conference on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology (NANO)**
    - Various annual conferences worldwide
    - International nanomaterials community

### Online Communities and Forums

98. **ResearchGate - Nanotechnology**
    - https://www.researchgate.net/topic/Nanotechnology
    - Research networking and discussion

99. **Reddit - r/nanotechnology**
    - https://www.reddit.com/r/nanotechnology/
    - General nanotechnology community

100. **Reddit - r/MaterialsScience**
     - https://www.reddit.com/r/MaterialsScience/
     - Materials science community

101. **Stack Exchange - Chemistry/Physics**
     - https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/ and https://physics.stackexchange.com/
     - Q&A for nanoscience questions

102. **NanoHUB**
     - https://nanohub.org/
     - Nanotechnology simulation tools and resources

### Newsletters and Blogs

103. **Nanowerk**
     - https://www.nanowerk.com/
     - Nanotechnology news and resources

104. **PhysOrg - Nanomaterials**
     - https://phys.org/nanotech-news/nanomaterials/
     - Nanomaterials news

105. **Nano Magazine**
     - https://nano-magazine.com/
     - Nanotechnology industry magazine

106. **Nanotechnology Now**
     - https://www.nanotech-now.com/
     - Nanotechnology news portal

107. **C&EN - Nanomaterials**
     - https://cen.acs.org/materials/nanomaterials
     - Chemical & Engineering News nano coverage

## Research Databases and Resources

### Publication Databases

108. **Web of Science - Nanotechnology**
     - https://www.webofscience.com/
     - Scientific literature database

109. **Scopus - Nanotechnology**
     - https://www.scopus.com/
     - Abstract and citation database

110. **PubMed - Nanomedicine**
     - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
     - Biomedical literature database

111. **arXiv - cond-mat**
     - https://arxiv.org/list/cond-mat/recent
     - Condensed matter preprints

112. **ChemRxiv**
     - https://chemrxiv.org/
     - Chemistry preprint server

### Material and Structure Databases

113. **ICSD (Inorganic Crystal Structure Database)**
     - https://icsd.products.fiz-karlsruhe.de/
     - Crystal structure database

114. **Materials Project**
     - https://materialsproject.org/
     - Computed materials properties database

115. **AFLOW (Automatic FLOW)**
     - http://aflowlib.org/
     - Materials properties database

116. **Crystallography Open Database**
     - https://www.crystallography.net/
     - Open crystal structure database

117. **Nanoparticle Tracking Database**
     - Various institutional databases
     - Nanoparticle characterization data

### Safety and Regulatory Resources

118. **NIOSH Nanotechnology Safety Database**
     - https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/nanotech/databases.html
     - Nanomaterial safety information

119. **NanoMaterial Registry**
     - https://www.nanomaterialregistry.org/
     - Curated nanomaterial data

120. **eNanoMapper**
     - https://www.enanomapper.net/
     - Computational nanotoxicology resources

## Research Facilities and Centers

### National Laboratories and Centers

121. **National Nanotechnology Coordinated Infrastructure (NNCI)**
     - https://nnci.net/
     - US shared nanofabrication facilities

122. **Argonne National Laboratory - Center for Nanoscale Materials**
     - https://www.anl.gov/cnm
     - DOE nanoscience user facility

123. **Lawrence Berkeley Lab - Molecular Foundry**
     - https://foundry.lbl.gov/
     - DOE nanoscience user facility

124. **Brookhaven National Lab - Center for Functional Nanomaterials**
     - https://www.bnl.gov/cfn/
     - DOE nanoscience user facility

125. **Oak Ridge National Lab - Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences**
     - https://www.ornl.gov/facility/cnms
     - DOE nanoscience user facility

126. **Sandia National Laboratories - Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies**
     - https://cint.lanl.gov/
     - Joint LANL/SNL user facility

### International Centers

127. **IMEC (Belgium)**
     - https://www.imec-int.com/
     - Nanoelectronics research center

128. **CEA-Leti (France)**
     - https://www.leti-cea.com/
     - European nanotechnology center

129. **Kavli Nanoscience Institutes**
     - https://kavlifoundation.org/
     - Global nanoscience research network

130. **Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research**
     - https://www.fkf.mpg.de/
     - Fundamental nanoscience research

### University Research Centers

131. **MIT NanoEngineering Lab**
     - https://nano.mit.edu/
     - MIT nanotechnology research

132. **Stanford Nanofabrication Facility**
     - https://snf.stanford.edu/
     - Stanford shared nanofab

133. **Berkeley Marvell NanoLab**
     - https://nanolab.berkeley.edu/
     - UC Berkeley nanofabrication

134. **Cornell NanoScale Science and Technology Facility**
     - https://www.cnf.cornell.edu/
     - Cornell shared nanofab

135. **Harvard Center for Nanoscale Systems**
     - https://cns.fas.harvard.edu/
     - Harvard nanoscience center

## Additional Resources

### Emerging Technologies

136. **2D Materials Database**
     - https://cmr.fysik.dtu.dk/c2db/c2db.html
     - Computational 2D materials database

137. **DNA Nanotechnology Resources**
     - https://www.dna-origami.org/
     - DNA nanotechnology community

138. **Quantum Dot Database**
     - Various academic resources
     - QD properties and applications

### Software and Simulation Resources

139. **NanoHUB Simulation Tools**
     - https://nanohub.org/resources/tools
     - Online nanotechnology simulation

140. **OVITO (Open Visualization Tool)**
     - https://www.ovito.org/
     - Molecular visualization software

141. **ASE (Atomic Simulation Environment)**
     - https://wiki.fysik.dtu.dk/ase/
     - Python atomistic simulations

142. **Atomsk**
     - https://atomsk.univ-lille.fr/
     - Atomic structure manipulation

### Standards and Metrology

143. **ISO TC 229 Nanotechnologies**
     - https://www.iso.org/committee/381983.html
     - International nanotechnology standards

144. **ASTM E56 Nanotechnology Committee**
     - https://www.astm.org/get-involved/technical-committees/committee-e56
     - ASTM nanotechnology standards

145. **VAMAS TWA 34 Nanoparticle Populations**
     - https://www.vamas.org/
     - Pre-normative measurement research

### Industry Resources

146. **Nanotechnology Industries Association**
     - https://nanotechia.org/
     - Industry association and standards

147. **NanoBusinessAlliance**
     - https://www.nanobusiness.org/
     - Nanotechnology business network

148. **StatNano**
     - https://statnano.com/
     - Nanotechnology statistics and data

149. **SEMI Standards for Nanoelectronics**
     - https://www.semi.org/
     - Semiconductor industry standards

150. **National Nanotechnology Initiative**
     - https://www.nano.gov/
     - US federal nanotechnology coordination
