# Civil Engineering References

## Design Codes and Standards

### Building Codes

#### International Building Code (IBC)
- **Publisher**: International Code Council (ICC)
- **URL**: https://www.iccsafe.org/
- **Description**: Primary building code adopted throughout the United States for commercial and residential construction
- **Key Chapters**: Structural design, means of egress, fire protection, accessibility

#### ASCE 7 - Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures
- **Publisher**: American Society of Civil Engineers
- **URL**: https://www.asce.org/asce-7/
- **Description**: Defines minimum loads for structural design including dead, live, wind, snow, rain, and seismic loads
- **Current Edition**: ASCE 7-22

#### ACI 318 - Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
- **Publisher**: American Concrete Institute
- **URL**: https://www.concrete.org/
- **Description**: Comprehensive code for design and construction of reinforced concrete structures
- **Key Topics**: Flexure, shear, torsion, columns, foundations, precast concrete

#### AISC 360 - Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
- **Publisher**: American Institute of Steel Construction
- **URL**: https://www.aisc.org/
- **Description**: Design specification for structural steel buildings and connections
- **Companion Documents**: AISC 341 (Seismic), AISC 358 (Prequalified Connections)

#### NDS - National Design Specification for Wood Construction
- **Publisher**: American Wood Council
- **URL**: https://awc.org/
- **Description**: Design standard for wood construction including sawn lumber, glulam, and CLT
- **Key Supplements**: NDS Supplement, SDPWS (Special Design Provisions for Wind and Seismic)

#### TMS 402/602 - Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry Structures
- **Publisher**: The Masonry Society
- **URL**: https://masonrysociety.org/
- **Description**: Design and construction requirements for masonry structures

### Bridge Standards

#### AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications
- **Publisher**: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
- **URL**: https://www.transportation.org/
- **Description**: Primary design specification for highway bridges in the United States
- **Key Topics**: Load factors, resistance factors, limit states, service life design

#### AASHTO Manual for Bridge Evaluation (MBE)
- **Publisher**: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
- **Description**: Guidelines for load rating, condition assessment, and evaluation of existing bridges

#### FHWA Bridge Inspection Reference Manual
- **Publisher**: Federal Highway Administration
- **URL**: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/
- **Description**: Comprehensive guidance for bridge inspection procedures and reporting

### Transportation Standards

#### AASHTO Green Book - A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets
- **Publisher**: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
- **Description**: Fundamental reference for highway geometric design elements
- **Key Topics**: Sight distance, horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, cross sections

#### MUTCD - Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices
- **Publisher**: Federal Highway Administration
- **URL**: https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/
- **Description**: National standard for traffic control devices including signs, signals, and markings

#### Highway Capacity Manual (HCM)
- **Publisher**: Transportation Research Board
- **URL**: https://hcm.trb.org/
- **Description**: Methodology for analyzing traffic operations and determining level of service

#### AASHTO Roadside Design Guide
- **Publisher**: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
- **Description**: Guidelines for roadside safety features and clear zone requirements

### Geotechnical Standards

#### ASTM International Standards
- **Publisher**: ASTM International
- **URL**: https://www.astm.org/
- **Description**: Testing standards for soils, aggregates, concrete, and construction materials
- **Key Standards**:
  - D2487 - Soil Classification (USCS)
  - D1586 - Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
  - D2850 - Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial Test
  - D4318 - Atterberg Limits

#### AASHTO Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing
- **Publisher**: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
- **Description**: Material specifications and testing methods for transportation applications

### Water Resources Standards

#### ASCE/EWRI 45 - Standard Guidelines for the Design of Urban Stormwater Systems
- **Publisher**: American Society of Civil Engineers
- **Description**: Guidelines for stormwater collection, conveyance, and detention systems

#### AWWA Standards
- **Publisher**: American Water Works Association
- **URL**: https://www.awwa.org/
- **Description**: Standards for water supply, treatment, and distribution systems

## Professional Organizations

### American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
- **URL**: https://www.asce.org/
- **Description**: Premier professional organization for civil engineers
- **Resources**: Technical publications, codes and standards, professional development

### American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
- **URL**: https://www.aisc.org/
- **Description**: Trade association for structural steel industry
- **Resources**: Design guides, connection design software, continuing education

### American Concrete Institute (ACI)
- **URL**: https://www.concrete.org/
- **Description**: Authority on concrete design and construction
- **Resources**: Technical committees, certification programs, education

### Structural Engineers Association (SEA)
- **URL**: Varies by state (e.g., SEAOC, SEAONC)
- **Description**: Regional organizations for structural engineers
- **Resources**: Seismic design guidance, professional practice resources

### American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)
- **URL**: https://www.transportation.org/
- **Description**: Organization of state DOTs setting transportation policies and standards

### Transportation Research Board (TRB)
- **URL**: https://www.trb.org/
- **Description**: Research organization advancing transportation knowledge
- **Resources**: Research publications, NCHRP reports, conferences

### Geo-Institute of ASCE
- **URL**: https://www.geoinstitute.org/
- **Description**: Geotechnical engineering division of ASCE
- **Resources**: Technical publications, conferences, webinars

### Deep Foundations Institute (DFI)
- **URL**: https://www.dfi.org/
- **Description**: Organization focused on deep foundation engineering and construction

## Technical References

### Structural Engineering Textbooks

#### Steel Design
- **Steel Design (6th Edition)** by William T. Segui
- **Structural Steel Design** by Jack C. McCormac and Stephen F. Csernak
- **Steel Structures: Design and Behavior** by Charles G. Salmon and John E. Johnson

#### Concrete Design
- **Design of Concrete Structures** by Arthur H. Nilson, David Darwin, and Charles W. Dolan
- **Reinforced Concrete: Mechanics and Design** by James K. Wight
- **Prestressed Concrete** by Michael Collins and Denis Mitchell

#### Foundation Engineering
- **Foundation Design: Principles and Practices** by Donald P. Coduto
- **Principles of Foundation Engineering** by Braja M. Das
- **Foundation Engineering Handbook** edited by Hsai-Yang Fang

#### Structural Analysis
- **Structural Analysis** by R.C. Hibbeler
- **Matrix Structural Analysis** by William McGuire, Richard H. Gallagher, and Ronald D. Ziemian

### Geotechnical Engineering Textbooks

#### Soil Mechanics
- **Principles of Geotechnical Engineering** by Braja M. Das
- **Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice** by Karl Terzaghi, Ralph B. Peck, and Gholamreza Mesri
- **Geotechnical Engineering: Principles and Practices** by Donald P. Coduto

#### Foundation Engineering
- **Foundation Analysis and Design** by Joseph E. Bowles
- **Pile Foundation Analysis and Design** by H.G. Poulos and E.H. Davis

### Transportation Engineering Textbooks

#### Traffic Engineering
- **Traffic Engineering** by Roger P. Roess, Elena S. Prassas, and William R. McShane
- **Fundamentals of Traffic Engineering** by Roberto Calimlim

#### Highway Engineering
- **Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis** by Fred L. Mannering and Scott S. Washburn
- **Highway Engineering** by Paul H. Wright and Karen Dixon

### Construction Management Textbooks

- **Construction Project Management** by S. Keoki Sears, Glenn A. Sears, and Richard H. Clough
- **Construction Planning, Equipment, and Methods** by Robert Peurifoy and Clifford Schexnayder
- **Project Management for Construction** by Chris Hendrickson

## Design Guides and Manuals

### AISC Design Guides
- **Design Guide 1**: Base Plate and Anchor Rod Design
- **Design Guide 3**: Serviceability Design Considerations for Steel Buildings
- **Design Guide 4**: Extended End-Plate Moment Connections
- **Design Guide 11**: Vibrations of Steel-Framed Structural Systems
- **Design Guide 27**: Structural Stainless Steel
- **Design Guide 29**: Vertical Bracing Connections

### ACI Guides
- **ACI 301**: Specifications for Structural Concrete
- **ACI 347**: Guide to Formwork for Concrete
- **ACI 530/530.1**: Masonry Design and Construction

### FHWA Technical Publications
- **Geotechnical Engineering Circular Series** (GEC)
- **Design and Construction of Driven Pile Foundations** (FHWA-NHI-16-009)
- **Drilled Shafts: Construction Procedures and Design Methods** (FHWA-IF-99-025)
- **Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls and Reinforced Soil Slopes** (FHWA-NHI-10-024)

### NCHRP Reports
- **National Cooperative Highway Research Program** reports on various transportation topics
- **URL**: https://www.trb.org/NCHRP/NCHRPOverview.aspx

## Software Documentation

### Structural Analysis Software

#### CSI Software (SAP2000, ETABS, SAFE, CSiBridge)
- **Publisher**: Computers and Structures, Inc.
- **URL**: https://www.csiamerica.com/
- **Documentation**: User manuals, verification examples, technical papers

#### RISA Technologies
- **Publisher**: RISA Technologies
- **URL**: https://risa.com/
- **Products**: RISA-3D, RISAFloor, RISAFoundation

#### Bentley Systems
- **Publisher**: Bentley Systems
- **URL**: https://www.bentley.com/
- **Products**: STAAD.Pro, RAM Structural System, ProStructures

### Geotechnical Software

#### PLAXIS
- **Publisher**: Bentley Systems
- **URL**: https://www.bentley.com/software/plaxis/
- **Description**: Finite element analysis for geotechnical applications

#### GEO-SLOPE Products
- **Publisher**: Seequent
- **URL**: https://www.geoslope.com/
- **Products**: SLOPE/W, SEEP/W, SIGMA/W, QUAKE/W

#### Rocscience
- **Publisher**: Rocscience Inc.
- **URL**: https://www.rocscience.com/
- **Products**: SLIDE, RS2, RS3, SETTLE3

### Transportation Software

#### Synchro/SimTraffic
- **Publisher**: Trafficware
- **URL**: https://www.trafficware.com/
- **Description**: Traffic signal optimization and microsimulation

#### PTV VISSIM
- **Publisher**: PTV Group
- **URL**: https://www.ptvgroup.com/
- **Description**: Multimodal traffic flow simulation

#### Caliper TransCAD
- **Publisher**: Caliper Corporation
- **URL**: https://www.caliper.com/
- **Description**: Travel demand modeling and GIS

### Civil Design Software

#### Autodesk Civil 3D
- **Publisher**: Autodesk
- **URL**: https://www.autodesk.com/products/civil-3d/
- **Description**: Site design, grading, and roadway design

#### Bentley OpenRoads
- **Publisher**: Bentley Systems
- **URL**: https://www.bentley.com/software/openroads-designer/
- **Description**: Comprehensive road and site design

## Online Resources

### Federal Agencies

#### Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
- **URL**: https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/
- **Resources**: Design guidance, research publications, technical advisories

#### U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
- **URL**: https://www.usace.army.mil/
- **Resources**: Engineering manuals, technical letters, guidance documents

#### U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
- **URL**: https://www.usgs.gov/
- **Resources**: Seismic hazard maps, flood data, geologic maps

#### FEMA
- **URL**: https://www.fema.gov/
- **Resources**: Flood insurance rate maps, building codes guidance, seismic design guidance

### Research Databases

#### TRID (Transport Research International Documentation)
- **URL**: https://trid.trb.org/
- **Description**: Database of transportation research

#### ASCE Library
- **URL**: https://ascelibrary.org/
- **Description**: Technical papers and publications from ASCE journals

#### Engineering Village
- **URL**: https://www.engineeringvillage.com/
- **Description**: Comprehensive engineering literature database

### Educational Resources

#### MIT OpenCourseWare - Civil Engineering
- **URL**: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/civil-and-environmental-engineering/
- **Description**: Free course materials in civil and environmental engineering

#### Coursera/edX Engineering Courses
- Various universities offering civil engineering courses online

## Journals and Publications

### Primary Journals
- **Journal of Structural Engineering** (ASCE)
- **Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering** (ASCE)
- **Journal of Transportation Engineering** (ASCE)
- **Journal of Construction Engineering and Management** (ASCE)
- **Journal of Bridge Engineering** (ASCE)
- **Engineering Structures** (Elsevier)
- **Computers and Structures** (Elsevier)
- **Geotechnique** (ICE Publishing)
- **Canadian Geotechnical Journal** (NRC Research Press)

### Industry Magazines
- **Civil Engineering Magazine** (ASCE)
- **ENR (Engineering News-Record)**
- **Structure Magazine**
- **Modern Steel Construction** (AISC)
- **Concrete International** (ACI)

## Certification Programs

### Professional Engineer (PE) License
- **Administering Body**: National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES)
- **URL**: https://ncees.org/
- **Exams**: FE (Fundamentals of Engineering), PE (Principles and Practice of Engineering)

### Structural Engineer (SE) License
- **Requirements**: Additional examination and experience in some states
- **Exams**: SE exam (16-hour examination)

### Project Management Professional (PMP)
- **Administering Body**: Project Management Institute (PMI)
- **URL**: https://www.pmi.org/

### LEED Certification
- **Administering Body**: U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)
- **URL**: https://www.usgbc.org/
- **Description**: Green building certification for sustainable design

### Envision Certification
- **Administering Body**: Institute for Sustainable Infrastructure (ISI)
- **URL**: https://sustainableinfrastructure.org/
- **Description**: Sustainability rating system for infrastructure projects

## International Standards

### Eurocode Standards
- **EN 1990**: Basis of Structural Design
- **EN 1991**: Actions on Structures
- **EN 1992**: Design of Concrete Structures
- **EN 1993**: Design of Steel Structures
- **EN 1994**: Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures
- **EN 1995**: Design of Timber Structures
- **EN 1996**: Design of Masonry Structures
- **EN 1997**: Geotechnical Design
- **EN 1998**: Design of Structures for Earthquake Resistance

### Canadian Standards
- **CSA A23.3**: Design of Concrete Structures
- **CSA S16**: Design of Steel Structures
- **Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code** (CHBDC)

### British Standards
- **BS 8110**: Structural Use of Concrete (superseded by Eurocode)
- **BS 5950**: Structural Use of Steelwork (superseded by Eurocode)

## Safety and Regulatory References

### OSHA Construction Standards
- **29 CFR 1926**: Safety and Health Regulations for Construction
- **URL**: https://www.osha.gov/construction
- **Key Subparts**: Excavations (Subpart P), Steel Erection (Subpart R), Fall Protection (Subpart M)

### Environmental Regulations
- **NEPA**: National Environmental Policy Act
- **Clean Water Act**: Section 404 permits for wetlands
- **NPDES**: National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits

### Building Official Resources
- **ICC**: International Code Council certification programs
- **URL**: https://www.iccsafe.org/
