-- ------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Source: Adapted from MIMIC-IV Concepts (PhysioNet/mimic-iv) `concepts/comorbidity/charlson.sql`
-- https://github.com/MIT-LCP/mimic-code/blob/main/mimic-iv/concepts/comorbidity/charlson.sql
--
-- This query extracts Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) based on the
-- recorded ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes.
--
-- Reference for CCI:
-- (1) Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. (1987) A new method
-- of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies:
-- development and validation.J Chronic Dis; 40(5):373-83.
--
-- (2) Charlson M, Szatrowski TP, Peterson J, Gold J. (1994) Validation
-- of a combined comorbidity index. J Clin Epidemiol; 47(11):1245-51.
--
-- Reference for ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 Coding Algorithms for Charlson
-- Comorbidities:
-- (3) Quan H, Sundararajan V, Halfon P, et al. Coding algorithms for
-- defining Comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data.
-- Med Care. 2005 Nov; 43(11): 1130-9.
-- ------------------------------------------------------------------

WITH diag AS (
    SELECT
        hadm_id
        , CASE WHEN icd_version = 9 THEN icd_code ELSE NULL END AS icd9_code
        , CASE WHEN icd_version = 10 THEN icd_code ELSE NULL END AS icd10_code
    FROM `physionet-data.mimiciv_hosp.diagnoses_icd`
)

, com AS (
    SELECT
        ad.hadm_id

        -- Myocardial infarction
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('410', '412')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('I21', 'I22')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) = 'I252'
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS myocardial_infarct

        -- Congestive heart failure
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) = '428'
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd9_code, 1, 5
            ) IN ('39891', '40201', '40211', '40291', '40401', '40403'
                , '40411', '40413', '40491', '40493')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) BETWEEN '4254' AND '4259'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('I43', 'I50')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd10_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('I099', 'I110', 'I130', 'I132', 'I255', 'I420'
                  , 'I425', 'I426', 'I427', 'I428', 'I429', 'P290'
            )
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS congestive_heart_failure

        -- Peripheral vascular disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('440', '441')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd9_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('0930', '4373', '4471', '5571', '5579', 'V434')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) BETWEEN '4431' AND '4439'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('I70', 'I71')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) IN ('I731', 'I738', 'I739', 'I771', 'I790'
                                         , 'I792'
                                         , 'K551'
                                         , 'K558'
                                         , 'K559'
                                         , 'Z958'
                                         , 'Z959'
            )
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS peripheral_vascular_disease

        -- Cerebrovascular disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN '430' AND '438'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 5) = '36234'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('G45', 'G46')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'I60' AND 'I69'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) = 'H340'
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS cerebrovascular_disease

        -- Dementia
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) = '290'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('2941', '3312')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('F00', 'F01', 'F02', 'F03', 'G30')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) IN ('F051', 'G311')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS dementia

        -- Chronic pulmonary disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN '490' AND '505'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('4168', '4169', '5064', '5081', '5088')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'J40' AND 'J47'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'J60' AND 'J67'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) IN ('I278', 'I279', 'J684', 'J701', 'J703')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS chronic_pulmonary_disease

        -- Rheumatic disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) = '725'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('4465', '7100', '7101', '7102', '7103'
                                        , '7104', '7140', '7141', '7142', '7148'
            )
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('M05', 'M06', 'M32', 'M33', 'M34')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) IN ('M315', 'M351', 'M353', 'M360')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS rheumatic_disease

        -- Peptic ulcer disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('531', '532', '533', '534')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('K25', 'K26', 'K27', 'K28')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS peptic_ulcer_disease

        -- Mild liver disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('570', '571')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd9_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('0706', '0709', '5733', '5734', '5738', '5739', 'V427')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd9_code, 1, 5
            ) IN ('07022', '07023', '07032', '07033', '07044', '07054')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('B18', 'K73', 'K74')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd10_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('K700', 'K701', 'K702', 'K703', 'K709', 'K713'
                  , 'K714', 'K715', 'K717', 'K760', 'K762'
                  , 'K763', 'K764', 'K768', 'K769', 'Z944')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS mild_liver_disease

        -- Diabetes without chronic complication
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(
                icd9_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('2500', '2501', '2502', '2503', '2508', '2509')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd10_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('E100', 'E101', 'E106', 'E108', 'E109', 'E110', 'E111'
                  , 'E116'
                  , 'E118'
                  , 'E119'
                  , 'E120'
                  , 'E121'
                  , 'E126'
                  , 'E128'
                  , 'E129'
                  , 'E130'
                  , 'E131'
                  , 'E136'
                  , 'E138'
                  , 'E139'
                  , 'E140'
                  , 'E141', 'E146', 'E148', 'E149')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS diabetes_without_cc

        -- Diabetes with chronic complication
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('2504', '2505', '2506', '2507')
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd10_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('E102', 'E103', 'E104', 'E105', 'E107', 'E112', 'E113'
                  , 'E114'
                  , 'E115'
                  , 'E117'
                  , 'E122'
                  , 'E123'
                  , 'E124'
                  , 'E125'
                  , 'E127'
                  , 'E132'
                  , 'E133'
                  , 'E134'
                  , 'E135'
                  , 'E137'
                  , 'E142'
                  , 'E143', 'E144', 'E145', 'E147')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS diabetes_with_cc

        -- Hemiplegia or paraplegia
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('342', '343')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('3341', '3440', '3441', '3442'
                                        , '3443', '3444', '3445', '3446', '3449'
            )
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('G81', 'G82')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) IN ('G041', 'G114', 'G801', 'G802', 'G830'
                                         , 'G831'
                                         , 'G832'
                                         , 'G833'
                                         , 'G834'
                                         , 'G839'
            )
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS paraplegia

        -- Renal disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('582', '585', '586', 'V56')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('5880', 'V420', 'V451')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) BETWEEN '5830' AND '5837'
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd9_code, 1, 5
            ) IN (
                '40301'
                , '40311'
                , '40391'
                , '40402'
                , '40403'
                , '40412'
                , '40413'
                , '40492'
                , '40493'
            )
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('N18', 'N19')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 4) IN ('I120', 'I131', 'N032', 'N033', 'N034'
                                         , 'N035'
                                         , 'N036'
                                         , 'N037'
                                         , 'N052'
                                         , 'N053'
                                         , 'N054'
                                         , 'N055'
                                         , 'N056'
                                         , 'N057'
                                         , 'N250'
                                         , 'Z490'
                                         , 'Z491'
                                         , 'Z492'
                                         , 'Z940'
                                         , 'Z992'
            )
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS renal_disease

        -- Any malignancy, including lymphoma and leukemia,
        -- except malignant neoplasm of skin.
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN '140' AND '172'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) BETWEEN '1740' AND '1958'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN '200' AND '208'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) = '2386'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('C43', 'C88')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C00' AND 'C26'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C30' AND 'C34'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C37' AND 'C41'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C45' AND 'C58'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C60' AND 'C76'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C81' AND 'C85'
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) BETWEEN 'C90' AND 'C97'
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS malignant_cancer

        -- Moderate or severe liver disease
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) IN ('4560', '4561', '4562')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 4) BETWEEN '5722' AND '5728'
            OR
            SUBSTR(
                icd10_code, 1, 4
            ) IN ('I850', 'I859', 'I864', 'I982', 'K704', 'K711'
                  , 'K721', 'K729', 'K765', 'K766', 'K767')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS severe_liver_disease

        -- Metastatic solid tumor
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('196', '197', '198', '199')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('C77', 'C78', 'C79', 'C80')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS metastatic_solid_tumor

        -- AIDS/HIV
        , MAX(CASE WHEN
            SUBSTR(icd9_code, 1, 3) IN ('042', '043', '044')
            OR
            SUBSTR(icd10_code, 1, 3) IN ('B20', 'B21', 'B22', 'B24')
            THEN 1
            ELSE 0 END) AS aids
    FROM `physionet-data.mimiciv_hosp.admissions` ad
    LEFT JOIN diag
        ON ad.hadm_id = diag.hadm_id
    GROUP BY ad.hadm_id
)

, ag AS (
    SELECT
        hadm_id
        , age
        , CASE WHEN age <= 50 THEN 0
            WHEN age <= 60 THEN 1
            WHEN age <= 70 THEN 2
            WHEN age <= 80 THEN 3
            ELSE 4 END AS age_score
    FROM `physionet-data.mimiciv_derived.age`
)

SELECT
    ad.subject_id
    , ad.hadm_id
    , ag.age_score
    , myocardial_infarct
    , congestive_heart_failure
    , peripheral_vascular_disease
    , cerebrovascular_disease
    , dementia
    , chronic_pulmonary_disease
    , rheumatic_disease
    , peptic_ulcer_disease
    , mild_liver_disease
    , diabetes_without_cc
    , diabetes_with_cc
    , paraplegia
    , renal_disease
    , malignant_cancer
    , severe_liver_disease
    , metastatic_solid_tumor
    , aids
    -- Calculate the Charlson Comorbidity Score using the original
    -- weights from Charlson, 1987.
    , age_score
    + myocardial_infarct + congestive_heart_failure
    + peripheral_vascular_disease + cerebrovascular_disease
    + dementia + chronic_pulmonary_disease
    + rheumatic_disease + peptic_ulcer_disease
    + GREATEST(mild_liver_disease, 3 * severe_liver_disease)
    + GREATEST(2 * diabetes_with_cc, diabetes_without_cc)
    + GREATEST(2 * malignant_cancer, 6 * metastatic_solid_tumor)
    + 2 * paraplegia + 2 * renal_disease
    + 6 * aids
    AS charlson_comorbidity_index
FROM `physionet-data.mimiciv_hosp.admissions` ad
LEFT JOIN com
    ON ad.hadm_id = com.hadm_id
LEFT JOIN ag
    ON com.hadm_id = ag.hadm_id
;
