---
title: GitHub Actions
description: Use Varlock in GitHub Actions to securely load and validate environment variables
---
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import { TabItem, Tabs, Steps } from "@astrojs/starlight/components";
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[![GitHub Actions Marketplace](https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub%20Actions-Marketplace-blue?logo=github)](https://github.com/marketplace/actions/varlock-environment-loader)

The Varlock GitHub Action loads and validates environment variables in your GitHub Actions workflows. It automatically detects and loads your `.env.schema` file and all relevant `.env.*` files, validates all environment variables against your schema, and exports them as either environment variables or a JSON blob for use in subsequent steps.

## Features

- 🔒 **Schema Validation**: Validates all environment variables against your `.env.schema` file
- 🚀 **Auto-installation**: Automatically installs varlock if not present
- 🔍 **Smart Detection**: Automatically loads `.env` and relevant `.env.*` files
- 🛡️ **Security**: Handles sensitive values as GitHub secrets
- 📊 **Flexible Output**: Export as environment variables or JSON blob

:::note[.env.schema not required]
While you are encouraged to create a `.env.schema` file while using varlock, you can still use this GitHub Action without one.
If you do not have a `.env.schema` file, the action will only load `.env`, since we won't know what to use as your [environment flag](/guides/environments), and therefore which other `.env.*` files to load.
:::

## Setup


<Steps>

1. **Create or update your `.env.schema` file**

   Make sure you have a `.env.schema` file in your repository that defines your environment variables and their validation rules.

   ```env-spec title=".env.schema"
   # @currentEnv=$APP_ENV
   # @defaultSensitive=false @defaultRequired=false
   # @generateTsTypes(path='env.d.ts')
   # ---

   # Environment flag
   # @type=enum(development, staging, production)
   APP_ENV=development

   # Database configuration
   # @type=url @required
   DATABASE_URL=

   # API configuration
   # @type=string(startsWith=sk-) @sensitive
   API_KEY=

   # Feature flags
   # @type=boolean
   ENABLE_FEATURE_X=false
   ```

2. **Add the action to your workflow**

   ```yaml title=".github/workflows/deploy.yml"
   name: Deploy Application

   on:
     push:
       branches: [main]

   jobs:
     deploy:
       runs-on: ubuntu-latest

       steps:
         - name: Checkout code
           uses: actions/checkout@v7

         - name: Load environment variables
           uses: dmno-dev/varlock-action@v1.0.1
   ```

</Steps>


## Inputs

| Input | Description | Required | Default |
|-------|-------------|----------|---------|
| `working-directory` | Directory containing `.env.schema` files | No | `.` |
| `show-summary` | Show a summary of loaded environment variables | No | `true` |
| `fail-on-error` | Fail the action if validation errors are found | No | `true` |
| `output-format` | Output format: `env` or `json` | No | `env` |

## Outputs

| Output | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| `summary` | Summary of loaded environment variables using `varlock load` |
| `error-count` | Number of validation errors found |
| `json-env` | JSON blob containing all environment variables (only available when `output-format` is `json`) |

## Usage Examples

### Basic Environment Variable Loading

This example loads environment variables and exports them for use in subsequent steps:

```yaml title=".github/workflows/basic.yml"
name: Basic Environment Loading

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Load environment variables
        uses: dmno-dev/varlock-action@v1.0.1

      - name: Use environment variables
        run: |
          echo "Database URL: $DATABASE_URL"
          echo "API Key: $API_KEY"
          echo "Environment: $APP_ENV"
```

### JSON Output Format

Use JSON output when you need to reuse environment variables in multi-job workflows or pass them to other tools:

```yaml title=".github/workflows/json-output.yml"
name: JSON Output Example

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  load-env:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    outputs:
      env-vars: ${{ steps.varlock.outputs.json-env }}

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Load environment variables as JSON
        id: varlock
        uses: dmno-dev/varlock-action@v1.0.1
        with:
          show-summary: false
          output-format: 'json'

  build:
    needs: load-env
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Process environment variables
        run: |
          # Access the JSON blob from the previous job
          echo '${{ needs.load-env.outputs.env-vars }}' > env-vars.json

          # Use jq to process the JSON
          echo "Database URL: $(jq -r '.DATABASE_URL' env-vars.json)"
          echo "API Key: $(jq -r '.API_KEY' env-vars.json)"

      - name: Build application
        run: |
          # Use environment variables from JSON in build process
          DATABASE_URL=$(jq -r '.DATABASE_URL' env-vars.json)
          API_KEY=$(jq -r '.API_KEY' env-vars.json)

          echo "Building with DATABASE_URL: $DATABASE_URL"
          echo "Building with API_KEY: $API_KEY"
          # Your build logic here

  deploy:
    needs: build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Deploy with environment variables
        run: |
          # Access the same environment variables from the first job
          echo '${{ needs.load-env.outputs.env-vars }}' > env-vars.json

          # Use environment variables in deployment
          DATABASE_URL=$(jq -r '.DATABASE_URL' env-vars.json)
          API_KEY=$(jq -r '.API_KEY' env-vars.json)

          echo "Deploying with DATABASE_URL: $DATABASE_URL"
          echo "Deploying with API_KEY: $API_KEY"
          # Your deployment logic here
```

### Multi-Environment Workflows

Handle different environments based on branch or deployment context:

```yaml title=".github/workflows/multi-env.yml"
name: Multi-Environment Deployment

on:
  push:
    branches: [main, staging, develop]

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Load environment variables
        uses: dmno-dev/varlock-action@v1.0.1
        env:
          # Set environment-specific values
          APP_ENV: ${{ github.ref_name == 'main' && 'production' || github.ref_name == 'staging' && 'staging' || 'development' }}

      - name: Deploy to environment
        run: |
          echo "Deploying to $APP_ENV environment"
          # Your deployment logic here
```

## Error Handling

The action provides error handling and reporting:

### Validation Errors

When environment variables fail validation, the action will:

1. **Show detailed error messages** in the action logs
2. **Set the `error-count` output** with the number of errors found
3. **Fail the action** if `fail-on-error` is set to `true` (default)

```yaml title=".github/workflows/error-handling.yml"
name: Error Handling Example

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  validate:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - name: Checkout code
        uses: actions/checkout@v7

      - name: Load environment variables
        id: varlock
        uses: dmno-dev/varlock-action@v1.0.1
        with:
          fail-on-error: false  # Don't fail on validation errors

      - name: Handle validation errors
        if: steps.varlock.outputs.error-count > '0'
        run: |
          echo "Found ${{ steps.varlock.outputs.error-count }} validation errors"
          echo "Check the varlock output above for details"
          # Your error handling logic here
```

## Security Considerations

### Sensitive Data Handling

The action automatically detects sensitive values based on your `.env.schema` configuration and handles them securely:

- **Sensitive values** are exported as GitHub secrets available in the current workflow run
- **Non-sensitive values** are exported as regular environment variables
- **All values** are available in subsequent steps, but sensitive ones are masked in logs

### Environment Variable Scope

- Environment variables are only available within the job where the action runs
- They are not persisted across jobs or workflow runs
- Use the `json-env` output if you need to pass values between jobs, keeping in mind that this could possibly leak sensitive data if not handled correctly. You can also re-run the varlock action in a subsequent job to get the latest values.

## Best Practices

1. **Always use `.env.schema` and `.env.***: Define your environment structure and validation rules, see [environments guide](/guides/environments) for more information.
2. **Set `fail-on-error: true` (default)**: Catch configuration issues early in your CI/CD pipeline
4. **Handle errors gracefully**: Check the `error-count` output and provide meaningful feedback
5. **Secure sensitive data**: Mark sensitive values in your schema and let the action handle them securely

## Related Documentation

- [Environment Variables Guide](/guides/environments/) - Learn about managing multiple environments
- [Schema Reference](/reference/root-decorators/) - Understand schema decorators and validation
- [Getting Started](/getting-started/introduction/) - Set up Varlock in your project
- [CLI Reference](/reference/cli-commands/) - Command-line interface documentation
