---
name: react-email
description: Use when building HTML email templates with React components, adding a visual email editor to an application using the React Email visual editor, rendering emails to HTML, or sending emails with Resend. Covers welcome emails, password resets, notifications, order confirmations, newsletters, transactional emails, and the embeddable email editor component.
license: MIT
metadata:
  author: Resend
  version: "2.1.0"
  homepage: https://react.email
  source: https://github.com/resend/react-email
  openclaw:
    install:
      - kind: node
        package: react-email
        label: React Email
    links:
      repository: https://github.com/resend/react-email
      documentation: https://resend.com/docs/react-email-skill
---

# React Email

Build and send HTML emails using React components. A modern, component-based approach to email development that works across all major email clients.

## Installation

```sh
npm i react-email
```

Or scaffold a new project:

```sh
npx create-email@latest
cd react-email-starter
npm install
npm run dev
```

This works with any package manager (npm, yarn, pnpm, bun) — substitute accordingly.

The dev server runs at localhost:3000 with a preview interface for templates in the `emails` folder.

### Adding to an Existing Project

Install the packages and add a script to your `package.json`:

```json
{
  "scripts": {
    "email": "email dev --dir emails --port 3000"
  }
}
```

Make sure the path to the emails folder is relative to the base project directory. Ensure `tsconfig.json` includes proper support for JSX.

## Basic Email Template

Create an email component with proper structure using the Tailwind component for styling:

```tsx
import {
  Html,
  Head,
  Preview,
  Body,
  Container,
  Heading,
  Text,
  Button,
  Tailwind,
  pixelBasedPreset
} from 'react-email';

interface WelcomeEmailProps {
  name: string;
  verificationUrl: string;
}

export default function WelcomeEmail({ name, verificationUrl }: WelcomeEmailProps) {
  return (
    <Html lang="en">
      <Tailwind
        config={{
          presets: [pixelBasedPreset],
          theme: {
            extend: {
              colors: {
                brand: '#007bff',
              },
            },
          },
        }}
      >
        <Head />
        <Body className="bg-gray-100 font-sans">
          <Preview>Welcome - Verify your email</Preview>
          <Container className="max-w-xl mx-auto p-5">
            <Heading className="text-2xl text-gray-800">
              Welcome!
            </Heading>
            <Text className="text-base text-gray-800">
              Hi {name}, thanks for signing up!
            </Text>
            <Button
              href={verificationUrl}
              className="bg-brand text-white px-5 py-3 rounded block text-center no-underline box-border"
            >
              Verify Email
            </Button>
          </Container>
        </Body>
      </Tailwind>
    </Html>
  );
}

// Preview props for testing
WelcomeEmail.PreviewProps = {
  name: 'John Doe',
  verificationUrl: 'https://example.com/verify/abc123'
} satisfies WelcomeEmailProps;

export { WelcomeEmail };
```

## Behavioral Guidelines

- When iterating over the code, only update what the user asked for. Keep the rest intact.
- If the user asks to use media queries, inform them that most email clients don't support them and suggest a different approach.
- Never use template variables (like `{{name}}`) directly in TypeScript code. Instead, reference the underlying properties directly. If the user explicitly asks for `{{variableName}}`, place the mustache string only in PreviewProps, never in the component JSX:

```typescript
const EmailTemplate = (props) => {
  return (
    <h1>Hello, {props.variableName}!</h1>
  );
}

EmailTemplate.PreviewProps = {
  variableName: "{{variableName}}",
};

export default EmailTemplate;
```

- Never write the `{{variableName}}` pattern directly in the component structure. If the user insists, explain that this would make the template invalid.

## Essential Components

See [references/COMPONENTS.md](references/COMPONENTS.md) for complete component documentation.

**Core Structure:**
- `Html` - Root wrapper with `lang` attribute
- `Head` - Meta elements, styles, fonts
- `Body` - Main content wrapper
- `Container` - Outermost centering wrapper (has built-in `max-width: 37.5em`). Use only once per email.
- `Section` - Interior content blocks (no built-in max-width). Use for grouping content inside `Container`.
- `Row` & `Column` - Multi-column layouts
- `Tailwind` - Enables Tailwind CSS utility classes

**Content:**
- `Preview` - Inbox preview text, always first inside `<Body>`
- `Heading` - h1-h6 headings
- `Text` - Paragraphs
- `Button` - Styled link buttons (always include `box-border`)
- `Link` - Hyperlinks
- `Img` - Images (see Static Files section below)
- `Hr` - Horizontal dividers

**Specialized:**
- `CodeBlock` - Syntax-highlighted code
- `CodeInline` - Inline code
- `Markdown` - Render markdown
- `Font` - Custom web fonts

## Before Writing Code

When a user requests an email template, ask clarifying questions FIRST if they haven't provided:

1. **Brand colors** - Ask for primary brand color (hex code like #007bff)
2. **Logo** - Ask if they have a logo file and its format (PNG/JPG only - warn if SVG/WEBP)
3. **Style preference** - Professional, casual, or minimal tone
4. **Production URL** - Where will static assets be hosted in production?

## Static Files and Images

### Directory Structure

Local images must be placed in the `static` folder inside your emails directory:

```
project/
├── emails/
│   ├── welcome.tsx
│   └── static/           <-- Images go here
│       └── logo.png
```

### Dev vs Production URLs

Use this pattern for images that work in both dev preview and production:

```tsx
const baseURL = process.env.NODE_ENV === "production"
  ? "https://cdn.example.com"  // User's production CDN
  : "";

export default function Email() {
  return (
    <Img
      src={`${baseURL}/static/logo.png`}
      alt="Logo"
      width="150"
      height="50"
    />
  );
}
```

**How it works:**
- **Development:** `baseURL` is empty, so URL is `/static/logo.png` - served by React Email's dev server
- **Production:** `baseURL` is the CDN domain, so URL is `https://cdn.example.com/static/logo.png`

**Important:** Always ask the user for their production hosting URL. Do not hardcode `localhost:3000`.

## Styling

See [references/STYLING.md](references/STYLING.md) for comprehensive styling documentation including typography, layout patterns, dark mode, and brand consistency.

### Key Rules

- Use `Tailwind` with `pixelBasedPreset` (email clients don't support `rem`). Import `pixelBasedPreset` from `react-email`.
- Never use flexbox or grid — use `Row`/`Column` components or tables for layouts.
- Avoid CSS/Tailwind media queries (`sm:`, `md:`, `lg:`, `xl:`) — limited email client support.
- Never use theme selectors (`dark:`, `light:`) — not supported.
- Never use SVG or WEBP images — warn users about rendering issues.
- Always specify border type (`border-solid`, `border-dashed`, etc.) — email clients don't inherit it.
- For single-side borders, reset others first (`border-none border-l border-solid`).

### Required Classes

| Component | Required Class | Why |
|-----------|---------------|-----|
| `Button` | `box-border` | Prevents padding from overflowing the button width |
| `Hr` / any border | `border-solid` (or `border-dashed`, etc.) | Email clients don't inherit border type |
| Single-side borders | `border-none` + the side | Resets default borders on other sides |

### Structure Notes
- Always define `<Head />` inside `<Tailwind>` when using Tailwind CSS
- `<Preview>` should always be the first element inside `<Body>`
- Only include props in `PreviewProps` that the component actually uses
- Use fixed width/height for known-size elements (logos, icons); responsive sizing (`w-full`, `h-auto`) for content images

## Rendering

### Convert to HTML

```tsx
import { render } from 'react-email';
import { WelcomeEmail } from './emails/welcome';

const html = await render(
  <WelcomeEmail name="John" verificationUrl="https://example.com/verify" />
);
```

### Convert to Plain Text

```tsx
const text = await render(<WelcomeEmail name="John" verificationUrl="https://example.com/verify" />, { plainText: true });
```

## Sending

React Email supports sending with any email service provider. See [references/SENDING.md](references/SENDING.md) for complete sending documentation including Resend, Nodemailer, and SendGrid examples.

Quick example using the Resend SDK:

```tsx
import { Resend } from 'resend';
import { WelcomeEmail } from './emails/welcome';

const resend = new Resend(process.env.RESEND_API_KEY);

const { data, error } = await resend.emails.send({
  from: 'Acme <onboarding@resend.dev>',
  to: ['user@example.com'],
  subject: 'Welcome to Acme',
  react: <WelcomeEmail name="John" verificationUrl="https://example.com/verify" />
});
```

The Resend Node SDK automatically handles both HTML and plain-text rendering.

## CLI Commands

The `react-email` package provides a CLI accessible via the `email` command:

| Command | Description |
|---------|-------------|
| `email dev --dir <path> --port <port>` | Start the preview development server (default: `./emails`, port 3000) |
| `email build --dir <path>` | Build the preview app for production deployment |
| `email start` | Run the built preview app |
| `email export --outDir <path> --pretty --plainText --dir <path>` | Export templates to static HTML files |
| `email resend setup` | Connect the CLI to your Resend account via API key |
| `email resend reset` | Remove the stored Resend API key |

## Internationalization

See [references/I18N.md](references/I18N.md) for complete i18n documentation. React Email supports three libraries: next-intl, react-i18next, and react-intl.

## Email Editor

React Email includes a visual editor (`@react-email/editor`) that can be embedded in your app. It's built on TipTap/ProseMirror and produces email-ready HTML.

See [references/EDITOR.md](references/EDITOR.md) for complete documentation including:
- `EmailEditor` — batteries-included component with bubble menus, slash commands, and theming
- `StarterKit` — 35+ email-aware extensions (headings, lists, tables, columns, buttons, etc.)
- `Inspector` — contextual sidebar for editing styles
- `EmailTheming` — built-in themes (`basic`, `minimal`) with customizable CSS properties
- `composeReactEmail` — export editor content to email-ready HTML and plain text
- Custom extensions via `EmailNode` and `EmailMark`

Quick example:

```tsx
import { EmailEditor, type EmailEditorRef } from '@react-email/editor';
import '@react-email/editor/themes/default.css';
import { useRef } from 'react';

export function MyEditor() {
  const ref = useRef<EmailEditorRef>(null);

  return (
    <EmailEditor
      ref={ref}
      content="<p>Start typing...</p>"
      theme="basic"
    />
  );
}
```

## Common Patterns

See [references/PATTERNS.md](references/PATTERNS.md) for complete examples including:
- Password reset emails
- Order confirmations with product lists
- Notification emails with code blocks
- Multi-column layouts
- Team invitation emails

## Email Best Practices

1. **Test across email clients** - Gmail, Outlook, Apple Mail, Yahoo Mail
2. **Keep it responsive** - Max-width around 600px, test on mobile
3. **Use absolute image URLs** - Host on reliable CDN
4. **Write meaningful alt text** - Describe purpose and details for content images; use `alt=""` for decorative images (spacers, dividers, background flourishes). React Email's `<Img>` defaults to `alt=""`.
5. **Provide plain text version** - Required for accessibility
6. **Keep file size under 102KB** - Gmail clips larger emails
7. **Add proper TypeScript types** - Define interfaces for all email props
8. **Include preview props** - Add `.PreviewProps` for development testing
9. **Use verified domains** - For production `from` addresses

### Accessibility

React Email handles the structural defaults; the rest is content.

**What React Email gives you for free:**
- `<Html>` sets `lang` and `dir` (defaults: `lang="en" dir="ltr"` — override per locale)
- `<Img>` defaults to `alt=""` so decorative images are skipped by screen readers
- `<Markdown>` renders layout tables with `role="presentation"`
- `<Preview>` also emits a `<title>` tag

Upgrade with `npm install react-email@latest` to get these defaults.

**What you still have to do (content choices):**
- Open with a single `<Heading as="h1">`, nest subheadings in order, never skip levels (very short SMS-style emails may skip the heading entirely)
- Set descriptive `alt` on meaningful images; pass an explicit `alt=""` on decorative images — never omit the attribute
- **Linked images are never decorative.** When an `<Img>` is inside a `<Link>` or `<Button>`, the `alt` must describe where the link goes — `alt=""` on a linked image leaves the link with no accessible name
- Write link text that describes the destination (`<Button>Read the report</Button>`, not `click here`)
- Hit 4.5:1 text contrast (WCAG AA); preview in dark mode
- For layout tables you build by hand (outside `<Markdown>`), add `role="presentation"`
- For non-English emails, pass the locale: `<Html lang={locale} dir={isRTL ? 'rtl' : 'ltr'}>` (see [I18N.md](references/I18N.md))

For the full rule set, severity ranking, and authoring checklist, see the [accessibility reference](https://github.com/resend/email-best-practices/blob/main/references/accessibility.md) in the `email-best-practices` skill.

## Additional Resources

- [React Email Documentation](https://react.email/docs/llms.txt)
- [React Email GitHub](https://github.com/resend/react-email)
- [Resend Documentation](https://resend.com/docs/llms.txt)
- [Email Client CSS Support](https://www.caniemail.com)
- Component Reference: [references/COMPONENTS.md](references/COMPONENTS.md)
- Styling Guide: [references/STYLING.md](references/STYLING.md)
- Email Editor: [references/EDITOR.md](references/EDITOR.md)
- Sending Guide: [references/SENDING.md](references/SENDING.md)
- Internationalization Guide: [references/I18N.md](references/I18N.md)
- Common Patterns: [references/PATTERNS.md](references/PATTERNS.md)
