---
pattern: 3
type: failure
name: Superficial -ing Analyses
pack: en-content
language: en
---

# Pattern 3: Superficial -ing Analyses — Failure (False Positive)

## Input Text

> The new tariff increased costs by 12%, pushing firms to cut staff and forcing two smaller suppliers to close entirely. The resulting layoffs hit the rural southeast hardest, eliminating about 800 jobs in a region that was already struggling with high unemployment.

## Expected Output

> (No correction — this text should not trigger Pattern 3)

## Applied Pattern

- Pattern 3 (Superficial -ing Analyses): "pushing" and "forcing" are present participles, and "eliminating" and "resulting" also appear.

## Judgment

**Failure (false positive)** — The exclusion condition applies: each participle here establishes a genuine causal or temporal connection. "Pushing firms to cut staff" explains the direct consequence of the tariff. "Forcing two smaller suppliers to close" adds a second concrete effect. These are not analytical filler — they carry specific causal information (12% cost increase led to staff cuts and closures). A single well-placed participle for genuine causal connection is explicitly excluded by the pattern definition.
