# Kuberna Labs Architecture

## Overview

Kuberna Labs is a comprehensive Web3 infrastructure platform that enables developers to build, deploy, and manage AI agents with secure execution, cross-chain capabilities, and verifiable attestations.

## System Architecture

```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         User Interface                           │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │   Frontend   │  │   CLI Tool   │  │     SDK      │          │
│  │   Dashboard  │  │              │  │              │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              │
                              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                      Backend Services                            │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │   Payment    │  │     TEE      │  │  Blockchain  │          │
│  │   Service    │  │   Service    │  │   Listener   │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
│                                                                  │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │ Multi-Chain  │  │     API      │  │ Notification │          │
│  │   Adapters   │  │   Gateway    │  │   Service    │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              │
                              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                     Smart Contracts Layer                        │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │    Escrow    │  │    Intent    │  │   Payment    │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
│                                                                  │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │ Attestation  │  │  Reputation  │  │ Certificate  │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
│                                                                  │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │ Cross-Chain  │  │ Subscription │  │    Agent     │          │
│  │    Router    │  │              │  │   Registry   │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              │
                              ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Blockchain Networks                           │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │   Ethereum   │  │    Polygon   │  │   Arbitrum   │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
│                                                                  │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐                             │
│  │     NEAR     │  │    Solana    │                             │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

## Core Components

### 1. Smart Contracts

#### Escrow Contract

- Manages secure fund holding for task execution
- Supports native tokens and ERC20
- Implements dispute resolution
- Auto-release after 24 hours
- Emergency pause functionality

#### Intent Contract (ERC-7683)

- Cross-chain intent protocol implementation
- Bid submission and acceptance
- Intent lifecycle management
- Solver network integration

#### Payment Contract

- Multi-token payment processing
- Batch payment support
- Fee management
- Withdrawal functionality

#### Attestation Contract

- On-chain attestation storage
- TEE deployment verification
- zkTLS proof validation
- Schema-based attestation types

#### Reputation NFT

- Agent reputation tracking
- Success rate calculation
- Badge award system
- Time-based decay mechanism

#### Certificate NFT

- Course completion certificates
- Verification system
- Revocation support
- Metadata storage

#### Cross-Chain Router

- Multi-chain message passing
- Token mapping management
- Bridge fee configuration
- Transfer execution

#### Subscription Contract

- Plan management
- Subscription lifecycle
- Payment processing
- Grace period handling

### 2. Backend Services

#### Payment Service

- Payment intent creation
- Escrow funding tracking
- Fund release and refund
- Withdrawal processing
- Gas estimation with Chainlink price feeds
- Multi-chain support

#### TEE Service

- Agent deployment to Phala Network and Marlin Oyster
- Attestation verification
- zkTLS proof generation (Reclaim Protocol, zkPass)
- Deployment management
- Health monitoring

#### Blockchain Listener

- WebSocket event monitoring
- Multi-chain support
- Exponential backoff reconnection
- Fallback polling mechanism
- Event deduplication
- NATS integration for notifications

#### Multi-Chain Adapters

- Ethereum adapter with Uniswap and Aave integration
- Solana adapter with Raydium and Marinade
- NEAR adapter with Ref Finance and Burrow
- Polygon and Arbitrum adapters

#### API Gateway

- RESTful API endpoints
- JWT authentication
- Rate limiting
- Error handling
- Request validation

#### Notification Service

- Email notifications (SendGrid/AWS SES)
- Push notifications (Firebase)
- In-app notifications
- Event-triggered notifications

### 3. SDK

The Kuberna SDK provides a unified interface for:

- Wallet connection (MetaMask, WalletConnect, Phantom, NEAR)
- Payment intent creation
- Intent submission and bidding
- Task execution
- Certificate management
- Type-safe contract interactions

### 4. Frontend Dashboard

- Agent management interface
- Task monitoring
- Payment tracking
- Certificate viewing
- Analytics and metrics

## Data Flow

### Payment Flow

1. User creates payment intent via SDK
2. Payment Service creates on-chain intent and escrow
3. Escrow is funded by requester
4. Blockchain Listener detects funding event
5. Notification published to solver network via NATS
6. Solver submits bid
7. Requester accepts bid
8. Executor completes task
9. Funds released to executor

### TEE Deployment Flow

1. User requests agent deployment
2. TEE Service packages agent code
3. Deployment to Phala/Marlin enclave
4. Attestation polling with retry logic
5. Attestation submitted to on-chain contract
6. Deployment record stored in database
7. Health monitoring initiated

### Cross-Chain Transfer Flow

1. User initiates cross-chain transfer
2. Cross-Chain Router locks source tokens
3. Message created with unique ID
4. Blockchain Listener detects event on source chain
5. Relayer executes transfer on destination chain
6. Tokens released to recipient
7. Completion event emitted

## Security Considerations

### Smart Contract Security

- OpenZeppelin v5 standards
- ReentrancyGuard on all fund transfers
- Access control with Ownable
- Emergency pause functionality
- Input validation
- Event emission for all state changes

### Backend Security

- JWT authentication
- API rate limiting
- Input sanitization
- Encryption at rest (AES-256)
- TLS 1.3 for data in transit
- AWS KMS for key management

### TEE Security

- Attestation verification
- MRENCLAVE hash validation
- Quote signature checking
- Timestamp validity checks

## Scalability

### Horizontal Scaling

- Multiple Blockchain Listener instances
- Load-balanced API Gateway
- Distributed NATS messaging
- Database read replicas

### Performance Optimizations

- Gas-efficient smart contracts
- Redis caching layer
- Database connection pooling
- Batch operations
- Event deduplication

## Monitoring and Observability

### Logging

- Winston logger with structured logging
- Request ID tracking
- Audit logging for all transactions

### Metrics

- Datadog integration
- Error rate monitoring
- Latency tracking
- Gas cost monitoring

### Alerting

- Sentry error tracking
- High error rate alerts
- Large withdrawal alerts
- Connection failure alerts

## Deployment

### Testnet Deployment

- Ethereum Sepolia
- Polygon Mumbai
- Arbitrum Sepolia
- NEAR Testnet

### Mainnet Deployment

- Ethereum Mainnet
- Polygon Mainnet
- Arbitrum Mainnet
- NEAR Mainnet

### Infrastructure

- Smart contracts on EVM chains
- Backend services on cloud infrastructure
- Database with automated backups
- Redis for caching
- NATS for messaging

## Future Enhancements

- Additional chain support (Avalanche, Optimism, Base)
- Advanced DeFi integrations
- AI-powered intent optimization
- Enhanced analytics dashboard
- Mobile SDK
- Governance system
