import Link from 'next/link';
import { ArrowLeft, Calendar, Clock, User } from 'lucide-react';

export const metadata = {
  title: 'Why Routing Isn\'t Governance - SatGate Blog',
  description: 'AI gateways excel at routing LLM calls. But when agents control spend autonomously, routing isn\'t enough. You need economic governance.',
  alternates: { canonical: 'https://satgate.io/blog/why-routing-isnt-governance' },
  openGraph: {
    title: "Why Routing Isn't Governance for AI Agents",
    description: "AI gateways route LLM calls. Agent governance enforces budgets, scoped authority, delegation, and payment policy before spend.",
    url: 'https://satgate.io/blog/why-routing-isnt-governance',
    type: 'article',
    publishedTime: '2026-02-06T00:00:00Z',
  },
  twitter: {
    card: 'summary_large_image',
    title: "Why Routing Isn't Governance for AI Agents",
    description: "Routing chooses providers. Governance decides whether AI agents can spend, delegate, call tools, or pay in the first place.",
  },
};

export default function WhyRoutingIsntGovernancePage() {
  const articleJsonLd = {
    '@context': 'https://schema.org',
    '@type': 'TechArticle',
    headline: "Why Routing Isn't Governance",
    description: "AI gateways excel at routing LLM calls. But when agents control spend autonomously, routing isn't enough. You need economic governance.",
    url: 'https://satgate.io/blog/why-routing-isnt-governance',
    datePublished: '2026-02-06',
    dateModified: '2026-05-04',
    author: { '@type': 'Organization', name: 'SatGate' },
    publisher: { '@type': 'Organization', name: 'SatGate', url: 'https://satgate.io' },
    about: [
      { '@type': 'Thing', name: 'AI gateway routing' },
      { '@type': 'Thing', name: 'economic governance for AI agents' },
      { '@type': 'Thing', name: 'agent spend control' },
      { '@type': 'Thing', name: 'request-path policy enforcement' },
    ],
  };

  const faqSchema = {
    '@context': 'https://schema.org',
    '@type': 'FAQPage',
    mainEntity: [
      {
        '@type': 'Question',
        name: 'Why is routing not governance for AI agents?',
        acceptedAnswer: {
          '@type': 'Answer',
          text: 'Routing decides where a request should go. Governance decides whether an autonomous agent is allowed to make the request, what it may spend, which tools it may use, and when access should stop or be revoked.',
        },
      },
      {
        '@type': 'Question',
        name: 'What is the difference between an AI gateway and an economic gateway?',
        acceptedAnswer: {
          '@type': 'Answer',
          text: 'An AI gateway usually focuses on model routing, failover, caching, and observability. An economic gateway sits in the request path to enforce budgets, scoped authority, delegation rules, spend attribution, and payment policy before agent spend occurs.',
        },
      },
      {
        '@type': 'Question',
        name: 'Can routing gateways and economic governance work together?',
        acceptedAnswer: {
          '@type': 'Answer',
          text: 'Yes. The economic governance layer can check policy and budget first, then pass approved requests to a routing gateway for provider selection, failover, or caching. They solve different layers of the agent infrastructure problem.',
        },
      },
    ],
  };

  return (
    <div className="min-h-screen bg-black text-gray-100 font-sans">
      <script
        type="application/ld+json"
        dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: JSON.stringify(articleJsonLd) }}
      />
      <script
        type="application/ld+json"
        dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: JSON.stringify(faqSchema) }}
      />
      <div className="max-w-3xl mx-auto px-6 py-16">
        <Link href="/blog" className="text-gray-500 hover:text-white flex items-center gap-2 transition mb-8">
          <ArrowLeft size={18} /> Back to Blog
        </Link>
        
        {/* Header */}
        <header className="mb-12">
          <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2 mb-4">
            <span className="px-2 py-1 rounded-full bg-purple-900/30 border border-purple-500/30 text-purple-300 text-xs font-mono">
              MCP
            </span>
            <span className="px-2 py-1 rounded-full bg-cyan-900/30 border border-cyan-500/30 text-cyan-300 text-xs font-mono">
              Governance
            </span>
            <span className="px-2 py-1 rounded-full bg-green-900/30 border border-green-500/30 text-green-300 text-xs font-mono">
              Agent Economy
            </span>
          </div>
          
          <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold mb-4">Why Routing Isn't Governance</h1>
          
          <p className="text-xl text-gray-400 mb-6">
            AI gateways excel at routing LLM calls. But when agents control spend autonomously, 
            routing isn't enough. You need economic governance.
          </p>
          
          <div className="flex items-center gap-4 text-sm text-gray-500">
            <span className="flex items-center gap-1">
              <Calendar size={14} />
              February 6, 2026
            </span>
            <span className="flex items-center gap-1">
              <Clock size={14} />
              5 min read
            </span>
          </div>
        </header>

        {/* Article Content */}
        <article className="prose prose-invert prose-gray max-w-none">
          <div className="space-y-6 text-gray-300 leading-relaxed">
            
            <p className="text-lg">
              The AI gateway market is booming. Bifrost, LiteLLM, Portkey, and others are racing to 
              solve the same problem: <em>how do you efficiently route LLM calls across multiple providers?</em>
            </p>

            <p>
              It's a real problem. When you're building AI applications, you don't want to be locked 
              into a single provider. You want failover when OpenAI goes down. You want load balancing 
              across API keys. You want semantic caching to reduce costs.
            </p>

            <p>
              These gateways solve that beautifully. They're fast, reliable, and well-engineered.
            </p>

            <p className="text-xl font-medium text-white">
              But they solve the wrong problem for the agent economy.
            </p>

            <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mt-12 mb-4">The Routing Mindset</h2>

            <p>
              Routing gateways think about the world in terms of <strong className="text-white">requests</strong>:
            </p>

            <ul className="list-disc list-inside space-y-2 text-gray-400">
              <li>Which provider should handle this request?</li>
              <li>How do we minimize latency?</li>
              <li>How do we maximize uptime?</li>
              <li>How do we cache similar requests?</li>
            </ul>

            <p>
              These are infrastructure questions. They're about reliability and performance. 
              And they assume a human is ultimately in control — making decisions about which 
              applications to build, which APIs to call, and how much to spend.
            </p>

            <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mt-12 mb-4">The Agent Reality</h2>

            <p>
              Agents don't work that way.
            </p>

            <p>
              An agent with access to an MCP tool server can decide — autonomously — to make 
              thousands of API calls. It can spawn sub-agents, each with their own tool access. 
              It can run overnight while you sleep.
            </p>

            <p>
              The questions that matter in this world are different:
            </p>

            <ul className="list-disc list-inside space-y-2 text-gray-400">
              <li><strong className="text-white">How much is this agent allowed to spend?</strong></li>
              <li>Which tools can it use, and at what cost?</li>
              <li>When should it stop — even if the task isn't complete?</li>
              <li>Who pays when the bill arrives?</li>
            </ul>

            <p>
              These aren't routing questions. They're <strong className="text-white">governance</strong> questions.
            </p>

            <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mt-12 mb-4">The Gap in the Stack</h2>

            <p>
              Here's the security stack most enterprises have today:
            </p>

            <div className="bg-gray-900 border border-gray-800 rounded-xl p-6 my-6 font-mono text-sm">
              <div className="space-y-2">
                <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
                  <span className="text-green-400">✓</span>
                  <span>Network Firewall</span>
                  <span className="text-gray-500 ml-auto">"Can this packet enter?"</span>
                </div>
                <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
                  <span className="text-green-400">✓</span>
                  <span>Application Firewall</span>
                  <span className="text-gray-500 ml-auto">"Is this request safe?"</span>
                </div>
                <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
                  <span className="text-red-400">?</span>
                  <span className="text-red-400">Economic Firewall</span>
                  <span className="text-gray-500 ml-auto">"Should this agent spend this?"</span>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>

            <p>
              Routing gateways live in the infrastructure layer. They make sure requests get to 
              the right place efficiently. But they don't answer the economic question.
            </p>

            <p>
              That's the gap. And it's the gap that will cause six-figure surprises when agents 
              start running autonomously at scale.
            </p>

            <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mt-12 mb-4">What Governance Looks Like</h2>

            <p>
              Economic governance for AI agents isn't just "budget tracking." It's enforcement:
            </p>

            <div className="bg-gray-900 border border-gray-800 rounded-xl p-6 my-6">
              <div className="space-y-4">
                <div>
                  <h4 className="font-bold text-white mb-1">Hard Budget Caps</h4>
                  <p className="text-gray-400 text-sm">
                    When an agent hits its budget, requests are blocked. Not logged. Not alerted. Blocked.
                    The CFO knows exactly what will be spent — not what was spent.
                  </p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <h4 className="font-bold text-white mb-1">Per-Tool Cost Attribution</h4>
                  <p className="text-gray-400 text-sm">
                    In MCP, agents call tools by name. Governance means knowing that Agent X 
                    spent $47 on the <code className="bg-gray-800 px-1 rounded">search_database</code> tool 
                    and $12 on <code className="bg-gray-800 px-1 rounded">send_email</code>. 
                    Not just "Agent X made 1,000 requests."
                  </p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <h4 className="font-bold text-white mb-1">Delegation Without Escalation</h4>
                  <p className="text-gray-400 text-sm">
                    When Agent A spawns Agent B, it should be able to give B a subset of its 
                    budget — not the master key. Macaroon-based credentials enable this; API keys don't.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>

            <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mt-12 mb-4">Routing + Governance</h2>

            <p>
              This isn't an either/or situation. Routing gateways and economic gateways solve 
              different problems. You might use both:
            </p>

            <div className="bg-gray-900 border border-gray-800 rounded-xl p-4 my-6 font-mono text-sm text-center">
              Agent → <span className="text-cyan-400">Economic Gateway</span> → <span className="text-purple-400">Routing Gateway</span> → LLM Providers
            </div>

            <p>
              The economic gateway enforces budgets and tracks attribution. The routing gateway 
              optimizes which provider handles each call. Different layers, different concerns.
            </p>

            <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mt-12 mb-4">The Question to Ask</h2>

            <p>
              When evaluating your AI infrastructure, ask this:
            </p>

            <p className="text-xl font-medium text-white my-6">
              "If my agent makes 10,000 calls tonight while I'm asleep, 
              who decides when it stops?"
            </p>

            <p>
              If the answer is "when it finishes the task" or "when the API rate limits kick in," 
              you have a routing gateway.
            </p>

            <p>
              If the answer is "when it hits its $50 budget cap," you have governance.
            </p>

            <p>
              The agent economy needs both. But right now, almost everyone has routing. 
              Almost no one has governance.
            </p>

            <div className="my-8 rounded-2xl border border-cyan-900/60 bg-cyan-950/20 p-6">
              <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-white mb-4">Routing vs Governance FAQ</h2>
              <div className="space-y-5">
                <div>
                  <h3 className="text-xl font-bold text-white mb-2">Why is routing not governance for AI agents?</h3>
                  <p className="text-gray-300 leading-relaxed mb-0">
                    Routing decides where a request should go. Governance decides whether an autonomous agent is allowed to make the request, what it may spend, which tools it may use, and when access should stop or be revoked.
                  </p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <h3 className="text-xl font-bold text-white mb-2">What is the difference between an AI gateway and an economic gateway?</h3>
                  <p className="text-gray-300 leading-relaxed mb-0">
                    An AI gateway usually focuses on model routing, failover, caching, and observability. An economic gateway sits in the request path to enforce budgets, scoped authority, delegation rules, spend attribution, and payment policy before agent spend occurs.
                  </p>
                </div>
                <div>
                  <h3 className="text-xl font-bold text-white mb-2">Can routing gateways and economic governance work together?</h3>
                  <p className="text-gray-300 leading-relaxed mb-0">
                    Yes. The economic governance layer can check policy and budget first, then pass approved requests to a routing gateway for provider selection, failover, or caching. They solve different layers of the agent infrastructure problem.
                  </p>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>

            <p className="text-gray-500 mt-12">
              That's the gap we're building SatGate to fill.
            </p>

          </div>
        </article>

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        <section className="mt-16 bg-gradient-to-r from-cyan-900/20 to-purple-900/20 border border-cyan-800/30 rounded-xl p-8 text-center">
          <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold mb-3">Ready to add economic governance?</h2>
          <p className="text-gray-400 mb-6">
            Start with free Observe mode. See what your agents are actually spending.
          </p>
          <div className="flex flex-col sm:flex-row gap-4 justify-center">
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      </div>
    </div>
  );
}
