"""Adapted from https://github.com/noahmorrison/chevron.

MIT License.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import logging
from collections.abc import Iterator, Mapping, Sequence
from types import MappingProxyType
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
    Literal,
    cast,
)

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from typing import TypeAlias

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


Scopes: TypeAlias = list[Literal[False, 0] | Mapping[str, Any]]


# Globals
_CURRENT_LINE = 1
_LAST_TAG_LINE = None


class ChevronError(SyntaxError):
    """Custom exception for Chevron errors."""


#
# Helper functions
#


def grab_literal(template: str, l_del: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
    """Parse a literal from the template.

    Args:
        template: The template to parse.
        l_del: The left delimiter.

    Returns:
        The literal and the template.
    """
    global _CURRENT_LINE

    try:
        # Look for the next tag and move the template to it
        literal, template = template.split(l_del, 1)
        _CURRENT_LINE += literal.count("\n")

    # There are no more tags in the template?
    except ValueError:
        # Then the rest of the template is a literal
        return (template, "")

    return (literal, template)


def l_sa_check(
    template: str,  # noqa: ARG001
    literal: str,
    is_standalone: bool,  # noqa: FBT001
) -> bool:
    """Do a preliminary check to see if a tag could be a standalone.

    Args:
        template: The template. (Not used.)
        literal: The literal.
        is_standalone: Whether the tag is standalone.

    Returns:
        Whether the tag could be a standalone.
    """
    # If there is a newline, or the previous tag was a standalone
    if literal.find("\n") != -1 or is_standalone:
        padding = literal.rsplit("\n", maxsplit=1)[-1]

        # If all the characters since the last newline are spaces
        # Then the next tag could be a standalone
        # Otherwise it can't be
        return padding.isspace() or not padding
    return False


def r_sa_check(
    template: str,
    tag_type: str,
    is_standalone: bool,  # noqa: FBT001
) -> bool:
    """Do a final check to see if a tag could be a standalone.

    Args:
        template: The template.
        tag_type: The type of the tag.
        is_standalone: Whether the tag is standalone.

    Returns:
        Whether the tag could be a standalone.
    """
    # Check right side if we might be a standalone
    if is_standalone and tag_type not in {"variable", "no escape"}:
        on_newline = template.split("\n", 1)

        # If the stuff to the right of us are spaces we're a standalone
        return on_newline[0].isspace() or not on_newline[0]

    # If we're a tag can't be a standalone
    return False


def parse_tag(template: str, l_del: str, r_del: str) -> tuple[tuple[str, str], str]:
    """Parse a tag from a template.

    Args:
        template: The template.
        l_del: The left delimiter.
        r_del: The right delimiter.

    Returns:
        The tag and the template.

    Raises:
        ChevronError: If the tag is unclosed.
        ChevronError: If the set delimiter tag is unclosed.
    """
    tag_types = {
        "!": "comment",
        "#": "section",
        "^": "inverted section",
        "/": "end",
        ">": "partial",
        "=": "set delimiter?",
        "{": "no escape?",
        "&": "no escape",
    }

    # Get the tag
    try:
        tag, template = template.split(r_del, 1)
    except ValueError as e:
        msg = f"unclosed tag at line {_CURRENT_LINE}"
        raise ChevronError(msg) from e

    # Check for empty tags
    if not tag.strip():
        msg = f"empty tag at line {_CURRENT_LINE}"
        raise ChevronError(msg)

    # Find the type meaning of the first character
    tag_type = tag_types.get(tag[0], "variable")

    # If the type is not a variable
    if tag_type != "variable":
        # Then that first character is not needed
        tag = tag[1:]

    # If we might be a set delimiter tag
    if tag_type == "set delimiter?":
        # Double check to make sure we are
        if tag.endswith("="):
            tag_type = "set delimiter"
            # Remove the equal sign
            tag = tag[:-1]

        # Otherwise we should complain
        else:
            msg = f"unclosed set delimiter tag\nat line {_CURRENT_LINE}"
            raise ChevronError(msg)

    elif (
        # If we might be a no html escape tag
        tag_type == "no escape?"
        # And we have a third curly brace
        # (And are using curly braces as delimiters)
        and l_del == "{{"
        and r_del == "}}"
        and template.startswith("}")
    ):
        # Then we are a no html escape tag
        template = template[1:]
        tag_type = "no escape"

    # Strip the whitespace off the key and return
    return ((tag_type, tag.strip()), template)


#
# The main tokenizing function
#


def tokenize(
    template: str, def_ldel: str = "{{", def_rdel: str = "}}"
) -> Iterator[tuple[str, str]]:
    """Tokenize a mustache template.

    Tokenizes a mustache template in a generator fashion, using file-like objects. It
    also accepts a string containing the template.

    Args:
        template: a file-like object, or a string of a mustache template
        def_ldel: The default left delimiter
            (`'{{'` by default, as in spec compliant mustache)
        def_rdel: The default right delimiter
            (`'}}'` by default, as in spec compliant mustache)

    Yields:
        Mustache tags in the form of a tuple `(tag_type, tag_key)` where `tag_type` is
            one of:

            * literal
            * section
            * inverted section
            * end
            * partial
            * no escape

            ...and `tag_key` is either the key or in the case of a literal tag, the
            literal itself.

    Raises:
        ChevronError: If there is a syntax error in the template.
    """
    global _CURRENT_LINE, _LAST_TAG_LINE
    _CURRENT_LINE = 1
    _LAST_TAG_LINE = None

    is_standalone = True
    open_sections = []
    l_del = def_ldel
    r_del = def_rdel

    while template:
        literal, template = grab_literal(template, l_del)

        # If the template is completed
        if not template:
            # Then yield the literal and leave
            yield ("literal", literal)
            break

        # Do the first check to see if we could be a standalone
        is_standalone = l_sa_check(template, literal, is_standalone)

        # Parse the tag
        tag, template = parse_tag(template, l_del, r_del)
        tag_type, tag_key = tag

        # Special tag logic

        # If we are a set delimiter tag
        if tag_type == "set delimiter":
            # Then get and set the delimiters
            dels = tag_key.strip().split(" ")
            l_del, r_del = dels[0], dels[-1]

        # If we are a section tag
        elif tag_type in {"section", "inverted section"}:
            # Then open a new section
            open_sections.append(tag_key)
            _LAST_TAG_LINE = _CURRENT_LINE

        # If we are an end tag
        elif tag_type == "end":
            # Then check to see if the last opened section
            # is the same as us
            try:
                last_section = open_sections.pop()
            except IndexError as e:
                msg = (
                    f'Trying to close tag "{tag_key}"\n'
                    "Looks like it was not opened.\n"
                    f"line {_CURRENT_LINE + 1}"
                )
                raise ChevronError(msg) from e
            if tag_key != last_section:
                # Otherwise we need to complain
                msg = (
                    f'Trying to close tag "{tag_key}"\n'
                    f'last open tag is "{last_section}"\n'
                    f"line {_CURRENT_LINE + 1}"
                )
                raise ChevronError(msg)

        # Do the second check to see if we're a standalone
        is_standalone = r_sa_check(template, tag_type, is_standalone)

        # Which if we are
        if is_standalone:
            # Remove the stuff before the newline
            template = template.split("\n", 1)[-1]

            # Partials need to keep the spaces on their left
            if tag_type != "partial":
                # But other tags don't
                literal = literal.rstrip(" ")

        # Start yielding
        # Ignore literals that are empty
        if literal:
            yield ("literal", literal)

        # Ignore comments and set delimiters
        if tag_type not in {"comment", "set delimiter?"}:
            yield (tag_type, tag_key)

    # If there are any open sections when we're done
    if open_sections:
        # Then we need to complain
        msg = (
            "Unexpected EOF\n"
            f'the tag "{open_sections[-1]}" was never closed\n'
            f"was opened at line {_LAST_TAG_LINE}"
        )
        raise ChevronError(msg)


#
# Helper functions
#


def _html_escape(string: str) -> str:
    """Return the HTML-escaped string with these characters escaped: `" & < >`."""
    html_codes = {
        '"': "&quot;",
        "<": "&lt;",
        ">": "&gt;",
    }

    # & must be handled first
    string = string.replace("&", "&amp;")
    for char, code in html_codes.items():
        string = string.replace(char, code)
    return string


def _get_key(
    key: str,
    scopes: Scopes,
    *,
    warn: bool,
    keep: bool,
    def_ldel: str,
    def_rdel: str,
) -> Any:
    """Retrieve a value from the current scope using a dot-separated key path.

    Traverses through nested dictionaries and lists using dot notation.

    Supports special key `'.'` to return the current scope.

    Args:
        key: Dot-separated key path (e.g., `'user.name'` or `'.'` for current scope).
        scopes: List of scope dictionaries to search through.
        warn: Whether to log a warning when a key is not found.
        keep: Whether to return the original template tag when key is not found.
        def_ldel: Left delimiter for template (used when keep is `True`).
        def_rdel: Right delimiter for template (used when keep is `True`).

    Returns:
        The value found at the key path.

            If not found, returns the original template tag when keep is `True`,
            otherwise returns an empty string.
    """
    # If the key is a dot
    if key == ".":
        # Then just return the current scope
        return scopes[0]

    # Loop through the scopes
    for scope in scopes:
        try:
            # Return an empty string if falsy, with two exceptions
            # 0 should return 0, and False should return False
            if scope in (0, False):
                return scope

            resolved_scope = scope
            # For every dot separated key
            for child in key.split("."):
                # Return an empty string if falsy, with two exceptions
                # 0 should return 0, and False should return False
                if resolved_scope in (0, False):
                    return resolved_scope
                # Move into the scope
                if isinstance(resolved_scope, dict):
                    try:
                        resolved_scope = resolved_scope[child]
                    except (KeyError, TypeError):
                        # Key not found - will be caught by outer try-except
                        msg = f"Key {child!r} not found in dict"
                        raise KeyError(msg) from None
                elif isinstance(resolved_scope, (list, tuple)):
                    try:
                        resolved_scope = resolved_scope[int(child)]
                    except (ValueError, IndexError, TypeError):
                        # Invalid index - will be caught by outer try-except
                        msg = f"Invalid index {child!r} for list/tuple"
                        raise IndexError(msg) from None
                else:
                    # Reject everything else for security
                    # This prevents traversing into arbitrary Python objects
                    msg = (
                        f"Cannot traverse into {type(resolved_scope).__name__}. "
                        "Mustache templates only support dict, list, and tuple. "
                        f"Got: {type(resolved_scope)}"
                    )
                    raise TypeError(msg)  # noqa: TRY301

            try:
                # This allows for custom falsy data types
                # https://github.com/noahmorrison/chevron/issues/35
                if resolved_scope._CHEVRON_return_scope_when_falsy:  # type: ignore[union-attr] # noqa: SLF001
                    return resolved_scope
            except AttributeError:
                if resolved_scope in (0, False):
                    return resolved_scope
                return resolved_scope or ""
        except (AttributeError, KeyError, IndexError, ValueError, TypeError):
            # We couldn't find the key in the current scope
            # TypeError: Attempted to traverse into non-dict/list type
            # We'll try again on the next pass
            pass

    # We couldn't find the key in any of the scopes

    if warn:
        logger.warning("Could not find key '%s'", key)

    if keep:
        return f"{def_ldel} {key} {def_rdel}"

    return ""


def _get_partial(name: str, partials_dict: Mapping[str, str]) -> str:
    """Load a partial.

    Returns:
        The partial.
    """
    try:
        # Maybe the partial is in the dictionary
        return partials_dict[name]
    except KeyError:
        return ""


#
# The main rendering function
#
g_token_cache: dict[str, list[tuple[str, str]]] = {}

EMPTY_DICT: MappingProxyType[str, str] = MappingProxyType({})


def render(
    template: str | list[tuple[str, str]] = "",
    data: Mapping[str, Any] = EMPTY_DICT,
    partials_dict: Mapping[str, str] = EMPTY_DICT,
    padding: str = "",
    def_ldel: str = "{{",
    def_rdel: str = "}}",
    scopes: Scopes | None = None,
    warn: bool = False,  # noqa: FBT001,FBT002
    keep: bool = False,  # noqa: FBT001,FBT002
) -> str:
    """Render a mustache template.

    Renders a mustache template with a data scope and inline partial capability.

    Args:
        template: A file-like object or a string containing the template.
        data: A python dictionary with your data scope.
        partials_dict: A python dictionary which will be search for partials
            before the filesystem is.

            `{'include': 'foo'}` is the same as a file called include.mustache
            (defaults to `{}`).
        padding: This is for padding partials, and shouldn't be used
            (but can be if you really want to).
        def_ldel: The default left delimiter

            (`'{{'` by default, as in spec compliant mustache).
        def_rdel: The default right delimiter

            (`'}}'` by default, as in spec compliant mustache).
        scopes: The list of scopes that `get_key` will look through.
        warn: Log a warning when a template substitution isn't found in the data
        keep: Keep unreplaced tags when a substitution isn't found in the data.

    Returns:
        A string containing the rendered template.
    """
    # If the template is a sequence but not derived from a string
    if isinstance(template, Sequence) and not isinstance(template, str):
        # Then we don't need to tokenize it
        # But it does need to be a generator
        tokens: Iterator[tuple[str, str]] = (token for token in template)
    elif template in g_token_cache:
        tokens = (token for token in g_token_cache[template])
    else:
        # Otherwise make a generator
        tokens = tokenize(template, def_ldel, def_rdel)

    output = ""

    if scopes is None:
        scopes = [data]

    # Run through the tokens
    for tag, key in tokens:
        # Set the current scope
        current_scope = scopes[0]

        # If we're an end tag
        if tag == "end":
            # Pop out of the latest scope
            del scopes[0]

        # If the current scope is falsy and not the only scope
        elif not current_scope and len(scopes) != 1:
            if tag in {"section", "inverted section"}:
                # Set the most recent scope to a falsy value
                scopes.insert(0, False)

        # If we're a literal tag
        elif tag == "literal":
            # Add padding to the key and add it to the output
            output += key.replace("\n", "\n" + padding)

        # If we're a variable tag
        elif tag == "variable":
            # Add the html escaped key to the output
            thing = _get_key(
                key, scopes, warn=warn, keep=keep, def_ldel=def_ldel, def_rdel=def_rdel
            )
            if thing is True and key == ".":
                # if we've coerced into a boolean by accident
                # (inverted tags do this)
                # then get the un-coerced object (next in the stack)
                thing = scopes[1]
            if not isinstance(thing, str):
                thing = str(thing)
            output += _html_escape(thing)

        # If we're a no html escape tag
        elif tag == "no escape":
            # Just lookup the key and add it
            thing = _get_key(
                key, scopes, warn=warn, keep=keep, def_ldel=def_ldel, def_rdel=def_rdel
            )
            if not isinstance(thing, str):
                thing = str(thing)
            output += thing

        # If we're a section tag
        elif tag == "section":
            # Get the sections scope
            scope = _get_key(
                key, scopes, warn=warn, keep=keep, def_ldel=def_ldel, def_rdel=def_rdel
            )

            # If the scope is a callable (as described in
            # https://mustache.github.io/mustache.5.html)
            if callable(scope):
                # Generate template text from tags
                text = ""
                tags: list[tuple[str, str]] = []
                for token in tokens:
                    if token == ("end", key):
                        break

                    tags.append(token)
                    tag_type, tag_key = token
                    if tag_type == "literal":
                        text += tag_key
                    elif tag_type == "no escape":
                        text += f"{def_ldel}& {tag_key} {def_rdel}"
                    else:
                        text += "{}{} {}{}".format(
                            def_ldel,
                            {
                                "comment": "!",
                                "section": "#",
                                "inverted section": "^",
                                "end": "/",
                                "partial": ">",
                                "set delimiter": "=",
                                "no escape": "&",
                                "variable": "",
                            }[tag_type],
                            tag_key,
                            def_rdel,
                        )

                g_token_cache[text] = tags

                rend = scope(
                    text,
                    lambda template, data=None: render(
                        template,
                        data={},
                        partials_dict=partials_dict,
                        padding=padding,
                        def_ldel=def_ldel,
                        def_rdel=def_rdel,
                        scopes=(data and [data, *scopes]) or scopes,
                        warn=warn,
                        keep=keep,
                    ),
                )

                output += rend

            # If the scope is a sequence, an iterator or generator but not
            # derived from a string
            elif isinstance(scope, (Sequence, Iterator)) and not isinstance(scope, str):
                # Then we need to do some looping

                # Gather up all the tags inside the section
                # (And don't be tricked by nested end tags with the same key)
                # TODO: This feels like it still has edge cases, no?
                tags = []
                tags_with_same_key = 0
                for token in tokens:
                    if token == ("section", key):
                        tags_with_same_key += 1
                    if token == ("end", key):
                        tags_with_same_key -= 1
                        if tags_with_same_key < 0:
                            break
                    tags.append(token)

                # For every item in the scope
                for thing in scope:
                    # Append it as the most recent scope and render
                    new_scope = [thing, *scopes]
                    rend = render(
                        template=tags,
                        scopes=new_scope,
                        padding=padding,
                        partials_dict=partials_dict,
                        def_ldel=def_ldel,
                        def_rdel=def_rdel,
                        warn=warn,
                        keep=keep,
                    )

                    output += rend

            else:
                # Otherwise we're just a scope section
                scopes.insert(0, scope)

        # If we're an inverted section
        elif tag == "inverted section":
            # Add the flipped scope to the scopes
            scope = _get_key(
                key, scopes, warn=warn, keep=keep, def_ldel=def_ldel, def_rdel=def_rdel
            )
            scopes.insert(0, cast("Literal[False]", not scope))

        # If we're a partial
        elif tag == "partial":
            # Load the partial
            partial = _get_partial(key, partials_dict)

            # Find what to pad the partial with
            left = output.rpartition("\n")[2]
            part_padding = padding
            if left.isspace():
                part_padding += left

            # Render the partial
            part_out = render(
                template=partial,
                partials_dict=partials_dict,
                def_ldel=def_ldel,
                def_rdel=def_rdel,
                padding=part_padding,
                scopes=scopes,
                warn=warn,
                keep=keep,
            )

            # If the partial was indented
            if left.isspace():
                # then remove the spaces from the end
                part_out = part_out.rstrip(" \t")

            # Add the partials output to the output
            output += part_out

    return output
